UC-NRLF 


SB    ED    7ci7 


CONNECTICUT  SCHOOL  DOCUMENT 

No.  3—1920 


(WHOLE  NUMBER  439) 


Laws   relating   to   schools 


1920 


GIFT  OF 


:  - 


•  "  •  •  •      • 


NOTE. 

This  compilation  includes  all  sections  of  the  General  Statutes  of 
1918  and  of  later  public  acts  pertaining  to  schools  and  the  duties  of 
school  officers. 

Special  Acts,  under  which  the  schools  of  several  towns  and  districts 
are  organized  and  administered,  are  also  given,  pages  157-228. 

At  the  margin  of  each  section  will  be  found  the  number  of  the 
section  of  the  General  Statutes. 


-CONTENTS. 

Page 

Constitution,  article  eight,  of  education 3 

State  board  of  education 5 

Instruction n 

Duties  of  towns  .         .         .         .         .         ....         .         .  16 

Evening  schools  ..........  21 

Transfer  of  the  obligations  and  property  of  school  societies  to 

towns 24 

School  visitors  and  committees 27 

School  physicians          .....          ....  37 

School  districts 39 

Consolidation  of  school  districts  .......  51 

Town  management .64 

District  committees       .........  71 

High    schools        ..........  72 

School  libraries  and  apparatus     .......  76 

Teachers ,    .         .         .         .  78 

Retirement  system  for  teachers 81 

Support  of  public  schools 90 

Normal  schools 103 

Town  and  city  meetings  and  elections           .....  105 

Public   libraries    .         .         . no 

School  district  taxes   .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .114 

Health  officers 117 

Public  and  other  buildings, 118 

Town  deposit  fund       .........  124 

Employment  of  children 126 

Education  of  the  deaf 13! 

Playgrounds    and    neighborhood    recreation    centres    .         .         .132 

Powers  of  selectmen 133 

Mansfield  State  training  school  and  hospital       .         .         .         .  134 
Homes  for  dependent  and  neglected  children       .         .         .         .135 

Connecticut  school  for  boys 138 

Connecticut  industrial   school   for  girls 140 

Connecticut  reformatory 141 

General  provisions        ........        143,  151 

Employment  of  children  in  certain  occupations  ....  144 

Crimes 145 

Elections  and  electors 148 

Members  of  state  board  of  education 156 


448267 


Page 

Special  acts,  towns 157-228 

Ansonia        ...........  157 

Bethel            .         .         .         . 161 

Branford      ...........  161 

Bridgeport .         .         .         .         .161 

Chatham  (East  Hampton)    .  , 165 

Danbury       ...........  165 

Darien           ...........  167 

Derby            .         .         . 167 

East  Hartford 172 

East  Haven           . 172 

Greenwich 172 

Groton          ...........  173 

Guilford 173 

Hamden        ...........  173 

Hartford       .         . 173 

Huntington  (Shelton) 182 

Manchester,  Ninth  district 184 

Middletown 187 

Montville 188 

Naugatuck    ...........  189 

New  Britain         ..........  190 

New  Canaan 192 

New   Haven          ..........  192 

New  London 201 

Connecticut   College   for   Women    .....  206 

Newtown      .         .         .         .                   .         .         .         .         .          .  208 

North  Stonington         .........  208 

Norwalk 208 

Orange,  Union  school  district 211 

Ridgefield     .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .  ^       .         .         .  213 

Rocky  Hill 213 

Seymour 213 

Stamford      ...........  213 

Stratford 215 

Torrington 216 

Voluntown    . 216* 

Wallingford 217 

Waterbury    ...........  217 

Westville .  '               .  225 

Weston         ...........  226 

Wethersfield 226 

Wilton,  Redding,  and  Weston     . 226 

Winchester  ...........  227 

Windham     .         .         .         .         . 227 

Woodbridge 228 

Appropriations,   specific,  when   and  how  made    ....  228 

Index 229-260 


CONSTITUTION  OF  CONNECTICUT 
[ARTICLE  EIGHT] 


Of  Education 

§  i  The  charter  of  Yale  College,  as  modified  by  agree- 
ment with  the  corporation  thereof,  in  pursuance  ,of  an  act  of 
the  General  Assembly,  passed  in  May,  1792,  is  hereby  con- 
firmed. 

§  2  The  fund,  called  the  SCHOOL  FUND,  shall  remain  a 
perpetual  fund,  the  interest  of  which  shall  be  inviolably  appro- 
priated to  the  support  and  encouragement  of  the  public  or 
common  schools  throughout  the  state,  and  for  the  equal  benefit 
of  all  the  people  thereof.  The  value  and  amount  of  said  fund 
shall,  as  soon  as  practicable,  be  ascertained  in  such  manner  as 
the  General  Assembly  may  prescribe,  published  and  recorded 
in  the  Comptroller's  office ;  and  no  law  shall  ever  be  made  au- 
thorizing said  fund  to  be  diverted  to  any  other  use  than  the 
encouragement  and  support  of  public  or  common  schools, 
among  the  several  school  societies,  as  justice  and  equity  shall 
require. 


LAWS  RELATING  TO  SCHOOLS 


CHAPTER  I 
State  Board  of  Education 

General  Statutes    chapter  43    page  305 

Section  i     The  state  board  of  education  shall  consist  of 
the  governor  and  lieutenant-governor,  each  of  whom  shall  be  J909  ch  217 
ex  officio  members  of  said  board,  and  nine  other  members.    On  f™5  19*8 
or   before   June    I,    1919,    the   governor   shall   appoint   three  *919  ch  344 
members  of  said  board  to  serve  from  the  date  of  their  respec-  Nvmber>  .  ap_ 
tive  appointments  until  July  I,  1921,  three  to  serve  until  July  ^d^rms  of 
i,  1923,  and  three  to  serve  until  July  I,  1925,  and  thereafter  of^edScation 
in  the  month  of  May  in  each  year  when  there  is  a  regular 
session  of  the  general  assembly  the  governor  shall  appoint  three 
members  of  said  board  who  shall  serve  for  a  period  of  six 
years   from  the  first  day  of  July   following  their   respective 
appointments.1     Any  vacancy  which  may  occur  in  said  board 
shall  be  filled  by  appointment  of  the  governor  for  the  unexpired 
portion  of  the  term.    At  least  one  member  shall  be  appointed 
from,  and  reside  in,  each  county.    Five  "members  of  said  board, 
including  ex  officio  members,  shall  constitute  a  quorum.     The 
terms  of  the  members  of  said  board  in  office  at  the  time  of 
the  passage   of  this   act  shall   terminate   when  the   governor 
shall  have  appointed  their  successors  by  authority  of  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act. 

Sec.  2     Said  state  board  shall  meet  in  a  room  in  the  state  !|19  ch  344 
capitol  to  be  designated  by  the  comptroller,   on  the   second  Meetin  g  of 
Tuesday  of  July  at  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  for  the  pur-  board 
pose  of  organizing.     At  said  meeting  it  shall  elect  one  of  its 
members  as  chairman  to  serve  for  a  term  of  two  years  and 
shall  appoint  such  committees  as  may  be  convenient  or  neces- 
sary in  the  transaction  of  the  business  of  said  board. 

1  The    members    are    paid    their    necessary    expenses      Gen    Stat    §  2212 


§2ii i1902  *-'-ec*  ^      ^:ie  ^oar^  sna^  appoint  a  secretary  and  an  assist- 

1917  ch  35i      an^  secretary,  neither  of  whom  shall  be  members  of  said  board. 

Rev  1918         Their  salaries  shall  be  determined  by  the  board  subject  to  the 

§f19  approval  of  the  board  of  control.    The  secretary  and  the  assist- 

Appointment      ant  secretary  shall  record  all  acts  of  the  board  and  certify  the 

of  dsecretl?y      same  to  all  concerned  and  shall  be  the  custodian  of  the  records 

and  papers  of  said  board,  shall  prepare  such  routine  business 

for  presentation  to  said  board  as  may  be  necessary  or  advisable, 

shall  compile  and  publish,  under  the  direction  of  said  board,  all 

.regulations  and  acts  which  may  be  required  and  shall  perform 

such  duties  as  the  board  of  education  may  prescribe. 

§419  Sec.  4     Said  board  may  appoint  and  fix  the  compensation, 

Board  to  fix  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  board  of  control,  and  prescribe 
tkSPofsaem-  the  duties  of  such  subordinates,  agents  and  employees  as  it 
approvaiwo£  may  find  to  be  necessary  in  the  conduct  of  the  business  of 
troi  said  board,  but  the  secretaries  and  such  subordinates,  agents 

and  employees  shall  hold  office  only  during  the  pleasure  of  the 
said  board  and  shall  be  subject  to  its  direction  and  control. 
Rev  1902^  Sec.  5     The  board  shall  have  general  supervision  and  con- 

1913  ch  166  trol  of  the  educational  interests  of  the  state ;  may  direct  what 
books  shall  be  used  in  all  its  schools,  but  shall  not  direct  any 
book  to  be  changed  oftener  than  once  in  five  years  j1  shall  pre- 
scribe the  form  of  registers2  to  be  kept  in  said  schools  and 
the  form  of  blanks  and  inquiries  for  the  returns3  to  be  made  by 

M  69    74 

2  Registers  are  supplied  to  public  and  private  schools     There  is  a  special  form 
for    evening    schools     , 

Private   schools   must  keep   prescribed   register        §  21 

For    duties    of    teachers    in    connection    with    registers    see    §  204 

3  Returns   to   be   made   to    state    board    of    education    see  §  91 

a     reports  of  school  visitors     §  91 

including  names   of  teachers   and   committees    §  93 
forfeiture   §  92 

b     reports  by  district  board  of  education    §  66 
reports  of  evening  schools     §  58 
reports  of  private  schools     §  21 
reports  of  eyesight  tests     §  205 

number  and  names  of  children  attending  non-local  high  schools     §  188 
number  and  names  of  children  conveyed  to  non-local  high  schools     §  192 
salaries  of  district  and  other  superintendents     §  §  82  85 
average  attendance  in   certain  schools      §  §    249   253 

Blanks  are  supplied  for  all  above  returns  and  for  reports  of  district  committees 
to   school   visitors   §   181 


the  various  school  boards  and  committees ;  shall  keep  informed  Duties 
as  to  the  condition  and  progress  of  the  public  schools  in  the 
state ;  and  shall  seek  to  improve  the  methods  and  promote  the 
efficiency  of  teaching  therein  by  holding  at  convenient  places  in 
the  state  meetings  of  teachers  and  school  officers  for  the  pur- 
pose of  instructing  in  the  best  modes  of  administering,  govern- 
ing and  teaching  public  schools,  and  by  such  other  means  as  Teachers' 
they   shall   deem   appropriate;   but   the   expenses   incurred   in  meetinss 
such   meetings   shall   not   exceed   the   sum   of   four   thousand 
dollars    in   any   year.      Said   board   shall,    on    or   before    the 
Monday  after  the  first  Wednesday  in  January  in  each  year, 
submit  to  the  governor  a  report  containing  a  printed  abstract 
of  said   returns,   a   detailed   statement  of  the   doings   of  the 
board,  and  an  account  of  the  condition  of  the  public  schools,   Report 
of  the  amount  and  quality  of  instruction   therein   and   such 
other  information  as  will  apprise  the  general  assembly  of  the 
true  condition,  progress  and  needs  of  public  education.1 

Sec.  6     The   state   board   of   education   may   continue   to  ^Qf'c^e25Q 
maintain  schools  already  established  and  may  establish  in  such  j£09  £jj  **2 
towns,  as  may  seem  best  adapted  for  the  purpose,  public  day  191S  ch  263 
and  continuation  schools,  part-time  schools  and  evening  schools 
for  instruction  in  the  arts  and  practices  of  trades  and  vocations, 
and  said  board  may  make  regulations  controlling  the  admission 
of  students,  but  no  person  under  fourteen  years  of  age  shall  be 
admitted  to  schools  established  under  the  provisions  of  this 

1  Other  powers  and  duties  of  the  board  not  enumerated  in  this  chapter  are  to 
a     enforce   law   relating  to  attendance   at  evening  schools      §  54 
b     enforce    law    relating    to    employment    of    children     §  333 

investigate  and  grant  certificates  of  age  in  certain  cases         §  §  329  330 
c     appoint  public  library  committee    §  281 
d     order    sanitary    changes    in    schoolhouses     §  50 
e     examine   teachers   for   county   homes   and    appoint   acting  visitor   for 

said   schools     §  229 

/     relieve    towns    from    maintaining   evening    schools     §  60 
g     appoint  and  pay  agents  to  act  as  superintendents  in  certain  towns   §  86 
h     approve   high'  schools   in   certain    cases    §   186    apply   to    comptroller 

for     high     school     grant     §   188 

t     examine   incorporated  high   schools  and  academies     §  189 
j     approve  high  schools  to  which  children  are  conveyed    §  190 

apply  to  comptroller  for  high  school  conveyance  grant     §  192 
k     approve  superintendents  in  certain  cases     §  §   83   84 
/     apply  to   comptroller   for  state  average   attendance   grant  §  249 
m    disapprove  teachers   in   certain   cases    §  249 
n     make  estimates    Gen   Stat    §  59 
o     make   reports    Gen   Stat  §   179,     Chapter   308    Acts    1919 


8 


Trade    and 

vocational 

schools 


1917  ch   307 

Rev  1918 
§828 

1919  ch  256 

Expense    of 
trade     schools 


1917    ch    383 
Rev    1918 
Sec    .sVp 
1919  ch  324 


United  States 
aid  for  voca- 
tional educa- 
tion 


section,  except  during  vacations.  The  state  board  of  educa- 
tion may  expend  the  funds  provided  for  the  support  of  schools 
established  under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  appoint  and 
remove  teachers  and  make  rules  for  management  of  such 
schools  and  shall  file  semi-annually  with  the  comptroller,  to 
be  audited  by  him,  a  statement  of  expenses  of  such  schools,  and 
shall  annually  make  to  the  governor  a  report  of  the  conditions 
of  such  schools  and  the  acts  of  said  board  in  connection  there- 
with. Said  board  may  enter  into  arrangements  with  manufac- 
turing and  mechanical  establishments  in  which  pupils  of  such 
trade  schools  may  have  opportunity  to  obtain  practice  and  may 
make  arrangements  with  trade  and  vocational  schools  approved 
by  said  board  under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  and  said  board 
may  prescribe  the  conditions  and  regulations  under  which  said 
board  shall  make  application  to  the  comptroller  for  an  order 
upon  the  treasurer  for  grants  in  aid  of  trade  education  in  said 
approved  trade  schools.  When  schools  are  first  established 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section  the  state  board  of  edu- 
cation may  lease  for  not  more  than  four  years  rooms  in  which 
such  schools  may  be  housed.  Any  town  or  district  in  which 
a  school  is  established  under  the  provisions  of  this  section  may 
appropriate  such  sum  in  a  meeting  warned  and  held  for  such 
purpose  for  maintenance  or  improvement  of  such  school  and 
for  leasing  buildings  as  it  may  determine. 

Sec.  7  The  total  estimated  expenses  annually  chargeable 
to  the  state  on  account  of  all  schools  approved  by  the  state 
board  of  education  under  the  provisions  of  section  827  of  the 
General  Statutes  (Sec.  6  of  this  Compilation)  shall  not  exceed 
two  hundred  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  for  which  such 
estimates  shall  have  been  made. 

Sec.  8  The  state  of  Connecticut  accepts  the  benefits  of  an 
act  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  entitled  "An  Act  to 
provide  for  the  promotion  of  vocational  education ; —  to  pro- 
vide for  cooperation  with  the  states  in  the  promotion  of  such 
education  in  agriculture  and  the  trades  and  industries ;  to  pro- 
vide for  cooperation  with  the  states  in  the  preparation  of 
teachers  of  vocational  subjects;  and  to  appropriate  money  and 
regulate  its  expenditure,"  approved  February  23,  1917,  and 
will  observe  and  comply  with  all  the  requirements  of  said  act. 


The  state  board  of  education  is  designated  as  the  state  board 
for  the  purpose  of  said  act,  and  is  given  all  necessary  power 
to  cooperate  with  the  federal  board  of  vocational  education  in 
the  administration  of  said  act.  The  state  board  shall  designate 
the  Connecticut  Agricultural  College  as  the  institution  to  super- 
vise instruction  in  agriculture  as  provided  for  in  section  two  of 
the  federal  act.  The  state  board  shall  designate  the  Connecti- 
cut Agricultural  College  as  the  institution  to  receive  the  funds 
for  the  preparation  of  teachers  of  agriculture  and  the  funds 
for  the  training  of  teachers  in  home  economics  as  provided  for 
in  section  four  of  the  federal  act,  provided,  such  designation 
be  approved  by  the  federal  board  of  vocational  education.  The 
sum  of  forty-five  thousand  dollars  annually  is  appropriated  in 
order  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  said  act  of  congress. 

Sec.  9     One  school,  in  each  town  having  twenty  teachers   G^  sec  830^ 
or  less,  may  be  organized  as  a  model  school  for  observation   Modd  schoola 
and  instruction  of  the  training  class  conducted  by  the  super- 
visor.    The  state  board  of  education  may  make  application 
to  the  comptroller  for  an  order  on  the  treasurer  for  a  sum 
not  exceeding  three  dollars  a  week  for  each  teacher  in  such 
model  schools.    No  application  shall  be  made  to  the  comptroller 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section  unless  the  town  in  which  Application 
said  model  school  is  located  shall  pay  to  the  teacher  of  the  l™^™    °n 
model  school  a  wage  of  not  less  than  ten  dollars  a  week  or  not   restncted 
less  than  the  wage  which  was  paid  for  teaching  in  said  school 
during  the  previous  year. 

Sec.  10.     The  board  may  appoint  an  agent  to  secure  the  G  s  sec  831 
observance  of  the  laws  relating  to  the  instruction  of  children,   §2113 
and  such  agent  shall  make  written  report  of  his  work  to  the  Appointment 

,,      ,  of  agent 

secretary  semi-annually.1 

Sec.  ii     The  state  board  of  education  may  appoint  one   G  s  sec  832 

,  .  J  .  1917  ch  206 

or  more  persons,  subject  to  the  approval  of  a  judge  of  the  Prosecutin 
superior  court,  to  be  prosecuting  agents,  who  shall  diligently  agents  to  ^ 
inquire  into  and  prosecute  for  violations  of  the  laws  relating  !**» 
to  the  attendance  of  children  at  school,  or  relating  to  the  em- 

1  Must   grant   certificates    of   age    to    foreign   born   children    §  329 

May  inspect  registers  of  private  schools     §  21 

If  school  accomodations  are  not  supplied  by  towns  may  request  a  hearing 
by  town  school  committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  board  of  education,  as  the 
case  may  be,  and  an  appeal  may  be  taken  to  the  state  board  of  education  §  18 


10 


1919  ch  286 
§1 

Establish- 
ment of  de- 
partment, 
appointment, 
and    salary 
of   director 


1919  ch   286 
§2 

Appoint- 
ment of      • 
town    di- 
rectors 


1919  ch  286 
§3 

Appropria- 
tion 

G  S  sec  833 
Rev    1902 
§2114 

Expenses  of 
the   board 


ployment  of  children  in  mechanical,  mercantile  or  manufactur- 
ing establishments,  and  shall  exercise  in  any  town  or  city  the 
authority  of  grand  jurors  or  prosecuting  officers  in  prosecu- 
tions for  such  violations  and  may  conduct  such  prosecutions 
personally  or  by  attorney.  Such  prosecuting  agents  may 
render  such  aid  in  the  superior  court  in  prosecutions  for  such 
violations,  and  shall  give  such  information  with  reference 
thereto,  as  the  state's  attorney  may  require.  They  shall  render 
to  said  state  board  of  education  such  reports  as  may  be  re- 
quired by  said  board,  which  may  remove  any  of  such  agents  at 
its  discretion  and  appoint  another  in  his  stead.  Such  prosecut- 
ing agents  shall  be  paid  in  the  manner  provided  by  law  for 
other  agents  of  said  board. 

Sec.  12  The  state  board  of  education  shall  establish  a 
department  of  Americanization  and  appoint  a  director  of  such 
department  who  shall  receive  an  annual  salary  of  three  thou- 
sand dollars  and  his  necessary  expenses.  Such  director  shall 
have  such  powers  and  perform  such  duties  as  may  be  pre- 
scribed by  the  state  board  of  education,  but  said  director  shall 
not  be  authorized  to  exercise  authority  over  the  conduct  of  any 
public  school,  school  board  or  board  of  education  or  any  teacher 
or  other  employee  of  any  public  school. 

Sec.  13  The  school  committee  of  any  town  designated  by 
the  state  board  o'f  education  may  appoint,  subject  to  the  ap- 
proval of  said  board,  a  town  director  of  Americanization  whose 
compensation  shall  be  fixed  and  paid  by  the  state  board  of 
education. 

Sec.  14  The  sum  of  fifty  thousand  dollars  is  appropriated 
for  the  two  fiscal  years  ending  June  30,  1921,  to  carry  out  the 
provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  15  The  board  may  expend  such  sum  as  may  be 
necessary  to  perform  the  duties  and  execute  the  powers  con- 
ferred upon  it,  and  shall  semi-annually  file  with  the  comptroller 
a  certified  account  of  all  state  money  received  and  expended 
during  the  preceding  half  year,1  which  account  shall  be  audited 
by  the  comptroller.  All  orders  for  drawing  state  money  shall 
be  signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by  a  duly  au- 
thorized committee  of  the  board. 


1  The  fiscal  year  ends  June  30     Pub  Acts  1919  ch  289 


II 


Sec.  1 6     No  person  shall  be  ineligible  to  serve  as  a  member  ^ 

of  a  board  of  education,  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  §2115 

committee  or  district  committee,  or  be  disqualified  from  holding  J 
such  office,  by  reason  of  sex. 


CHAPTER  II 
Instruction 

G  S  sec  835 

General   Statutes  chapter  44     page  308  Rev  1902 

§21 16 

Sec.  17  All  parents  and  those  who  have  the  care  of  chil-  Duties  of 
dren1  shall  bring  them  up  in  some  lawful  and  honest  employ-  guardians 
ment  and  instruct  them  or  cause  them  to  be  instructed  in  read- 
ing, writing,  spelling,  English  grammar,  geography,  arithmetic 
and  United  States  history.2  Every  parent  or  other  person 
having  control  of  a  child  over  seven  and  under  sixteen3  years 
of  age  shall  cause  such  child  to  attend  a  public  day  school 
regularly  during  the  hours  and  terms  the  public  school  in  the 
district  wherein  such  child  resides  is  in  session,  or  while  the 
school  is  in  session  where  provision  for  the  instruction  of  such 
child  is  made  according  to  law,  unless  the  parent  or  person  hav- 
ing control  of  such  child  can  show  that  the  child  is  elsewhere 
receiving  regularly  thorough  instruction  during  .said  hours  and 
terms  in  the  studies  taught  in  the  public  schools.4  Children 
over  fourteen  years  of  age  shall  not  be  subject  to  the  require- 
ments of  this  section  while  lawfully  employed  at  labor  at  home 
or  elsewhere ;  but  this  provision  shall  not  permit  such  children 
to  be  irregulaV  in  attendance  at  school  while  they  are  enrolled 
as  scholars,  nor  exempt  any  child  who  is  enrolled  as  a  member 
of  a  school  from  any  rule  concerning  irregularity  of  attendance 
which  has  been  enacted  or  may  be  enacted  by  the  town  school 
committee,  board  of  school  visitors  or  board  of  education  hav- 
ing control  of  the  school.5 

1  Words  "  Those  who  have  the  care  of  children  "  equivalent  to  parents  or  guar- 
dians    59  Conn  489 

Statute  to  receive  a  liberal  construction     59  Conn  492 
2§§33  34  38  76 

3  §  §  89  221  224 

4  §21 

5  §  69     See  §  19 


* 


t* 


12 

G  s  sec  836  gec>  !g     Every  town  shall   furnish,  by  transportation  or 

1903   ch  210  J  . 

1909  ch  116      otherwise,  school  accomodations  so  that  every  child  over  seven 

1911cnl/«5 

1913  ch  47  and  Under  sixteen  years  of  age  may  attend  school  as  -required 
in  section  17.  If  any  town  refuses  or  neglects  to  furnish  such 
accommodations,  the  parent  or  guardian  of  any  child  who  is 
deprived  of  schooling,  or  any  agent  or  officer  whose  duty  it 
is  to  compel  the  observance  of  the  laws  concerning  attendance 
at  school,  may  in  writing  request  a  hearing  by  the  town  school 
Towns  to  fur-  committee,  board  of  school  visitors  or  board  of  education,  as 
portationtra  '"  tne  case  may  be,  an<^  sai^  officers  shall  give  such  person  a 
hearing  within  ten  days  after  receipt  of  written  request  there- 
to*chilr  f°r  and  shall  make  a  finding  within  ten  days  after  said  hearing. 
Any  parent,  guardian  or  officer  aggrieved  by  such  finding  may 
take  an  appeal  therefrom  to  the  state  board  of  education. 
which  shall  give  a  public  hearing  in  the  town  in  which  the 
cause  of  complaint  arises.  If  it  appears  that  any  child  is 
illegally  or  unreasonably  deprived  of  schooling,  said  board  shall 
request  the  proper  school  officer  to  make  arrangements  to  en- 
able the  parent  or  guardian  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of 
section  17.  If  such  school  officers  do  not  take  action  upon 
such  request  within  one  month  after  receipt  thereof,  and  no 
suitable  provision  is  made  for  children  deprived  of  schooling, 
there  shall  be  a  forfeiture  of  the  money  appropriated  by  the 
state  for  the  support  of  schools  amounting  to  two  dollars  and 
twenty-five  cents  for  each  child  for  every  week  such  child  is 
deprived  of  schooling.1 
?n£J'if  S7  Sec-  J9  Whenever  the  school  visitors,  town  school  com- 

l"Uo  en  £1? 

1905  ch  36        mittee  or  board  of  education  of  any  town  or  district  shall  by 

vote  decide  or  whenever  the  state  board  of  education  shall 

ascertain  that  a  child  over  fourteen  and  under  sixteen  years  of 

age  has  not  schooling  sufficient  to  warrant  his  leaving  school 

to  be  employed  and  shall  so  notify  the  parent  or  guardian  of 

Child  required  sa^  child  m  writing,  the  parent  or  guardian  of  said  child  shall 

Schoofuntii       cause  him  to  attend  school  regularly  during  the  days  and  hours 

ofxtage  wyheeT     tnat  tne  public  school  in  the  district  in  which  said  parent  or 

guardian  resides  is  in  session,  and  until  the  parent  or  guardian 

of  said  child  has  obtained  from  said  board  of  school  visitors, 

town  school  committee  or  board  of  education,   or  from  the 

1  §  242 


13 

state  board  of  education,  if  the  notice  shall  have  been  given 
by  the  said  state  board  of  education,  a  leaving  certificate 
stating  that  the  education  of  said  child  is  satisfactory  to  said 
visitors,  town  school  committee  or  board  of  education,  or  to 
said  state  board  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be;  provided, 
said  parent  or  guardian  shall  not  be  required  to  cause  his  child 
to  attend  school  after  the  child  is  sixteen  years  of  age.  Each 
week's  failure  on  the  part  of  a  person  to  comply  with  the 
provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  a  distinct  offense,  punishable 
by  a  fine  not  exceeding  five  dollars,  and  the  provisions  of 
section  20  shall  be  applicable  to  all  proceedings  under  this 
section. 

Sec.  20     Each  week's  failure  on  the  part  of  a  person  to  G^  sec^s 
comply  with  any  provision  of  section  17  shall  be  distinct  of-   §2117 
fense,  punishable  by  a  fine  not  exceeding  five  dollars.     Said   Penalty 
penalty  shall  not  be  incurred  when  it  appears  that  the  child  is 
destitute  of   clothing  suitable   for  attending  school,   and   the 
parent  or  person  having  control  of  such  child  is  unable  to 
provide  such  clothing,  or  its  mental  or  physical  condition  is   Excuses 
such  as  to  render  its  instruction  inexpedient  or  impracticable. 
All  offenses  concerning  the  same  child  shall  be  charged  in 
separate  counts  in  one  complaint.    When  a  complaint  contains  Complaint 
more  than  one  count  the  court  may  give  sentence  on  one  or 
more  counts  and  suspend  sentence  on  the  remaining  counts.    If 
at  the  end  of  twelve  weeks  from  the  date  of  the  sentence  it  Proced«re 
shall  appear  that  the  child  concerned  has  attended  school  regu- 
larly during  that  time  judgment  on   such   remaining  counts 
shall  not  be  executed. 

Sec.  21     Attendance  of  children  at  a  school  other  than  a  g  s  **?*& 

Kev    ly(J4 

public  school  shall  not  be  regarded  as  compliance  with  the  laws  §2118 
of  the  state  requiring  parents  and  other  persons  having  control 
of  children  to  cause  them  to  attend  school,  unless  the  teachers  schools 
or  persons  having  control  of  such  school  shall  keep  a  register 
of  attendance  in  the  form  and  manner  prescribed  by  the  state 
board  of  education  for  the  public  schools,1  which  register  shall 
at  all  times  during  school  hours  be  open  to  the  inspection  of 
the  secretary  and  agents  of  the  state  board  of  education,2  and 

>§   5 

2  §  §   10  333 


G  S  sec  840 
Rev  1902 
§2119 

Employment 
of  children 
under  four- 
teen 


G  S  sec  841 
Rev  1902 
§2120 

Penalty 


G  S  sec  842 
Rev  1902 
§2121 

Report  of 
violations 
of  law 


G  S  sec  843 
Rev  1902 
§2122 

By-laws  con- 
cerning 
truants 


shall  make  such  reports  and  returns  concerning  the  school 
under  their  charge  to  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  edu- 
cation as  are  required  from  the  school  visitors  concerning  the 
public  schools/  except  that  no  report  concerning  expenses  shall 
be  required.  The  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education 
shall  furnish  to  the  teachers  or  persons  having  charge  of  any 
school,  on  their  request,  such  registers  and  blanks  for  returns 
as  may  be  necessary  for  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  this 
section. 

Sec.  22  Every  person  who  shall  employ  a  child  under 
fourteen  years  of  age  during  the  hours  while  the  school  which 
such  child  should  attend  is  in  session,  and  every  person  who 
shall  authorize  or  permit  on  premises  under  his  control  any 
such  child  to  be  so  employed,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than 
twenty  dollars  for  every  week  in  which  such  child  is  so  em- 
ployed. 

Sec.  23  Every  parent  or  other  person,  having  control  of 
a  child,  who  shall  make  any  false  statement  concerning  the 
age  of  such  child  with  intent  to  deceive  the  town  clerk  or 
registrar  of  births,  marriages  and  deaths  of  any  town,  or  the 
teacher  of  any  school,  or  shall  instruct  a  child  to  make  any 
such  false  statement,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty 
dollars.2 

Sec.  24  The  school  visitors  or  the  town  school  committee 
in  every  town  shall,  once  or  more  in  every  year,  examine  into 
the  situation  of  the  children  employed  in  all  manufacturing 
establishments,  and  ascertain  whether  all  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  are  duly  observed,  and  report  all  violations  thereof  to 
the  proper  prosecuting  authority. 

Sec.  25  Each  city  and  town  may  make  regulations  con- 
cerning habitual  truants  from  school  and  children  between  the 
ages  of  seven  and  sixeten  years3  wandering  about  its  streets  or 
public  places,  having  no  lawful  occupation,  not  attending 
school,  and  growing  up  in  ignorance  ;  and  may  make  such  by- 
laws respecting  such  children  as  shall  condu'ce  to  their  welfare 
and  to  public  order,  imposing  penalties,  not  exceeding  twenty 
dollars  for  any  one  breach  thereof. 


2  §329 
3§§357  361 


15 

Sec.  26     Every   town,   and   the   mayor   and   aldermen   of   gj  ^844 
every  city,  having  such  by-laws,  shall  annually  appoint  three   §2123 
or  more  persons,  who  alone  shall  be  authorized  to  prosecute   Truant  officers 
for  violations  thereof.     All  warrants  issued  upon  such  prose- 
cutions shall  be  returnable  before  any  justice  of  the  peace,  or 
judge  of  the  cify  or  police  court  of  the  town  or  city. 

Sec.  27     The  police  in  any  city,  and  bailiffs,  constables,   ^s  ^845 
sheriffs  and  deputy  sheriffs  in  their  respective  precincts,  shall   §2124 
arrest  all  boys  between  seven  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  who   Arrest^  of 
habitually  wander  or  loiter  about  the  streets  or  public  places, 
or  anywhere  beyond  the  proper  control  of  their  parents  or   See_  ^  ^ 
guardians,  during  the  usual  school  hours  of  the  school  term;   [£i 
and  may  stop  any  boy  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  during  such   lation 
hours,  and  ascertain  whether  he  is  a  truant  from  school;  and 
if  he  be,  shall  send  him  to  such  school. 

Sec.  28     Every  boy  arrested  three  times  or  more  under  the   gj  "fa**6 
provisions  of  section  27  shall  be  taken  before  the  judge  of  the   §2125 
criminal  or  police  court,  or  a  justice  of  the  peace,  in  the  town,   ^"^^ 
city  or  borough  where  such  arrest  is  made ;  and  if  it  shall   £°oyssch°o1  for 
appear  that  such  boy  has  no  lawful  occupation,  or  is  not  at- 
tending school,  or  is  growing  up  in  habits  of  idleness  or  im- 
morality, or  is  an  habitual  truant,  he  may  be  committed  to 
any    institution    of    instruction    or    correction,    or    house    of 
reformation  in  said  town,  city  or  borough  for  not  more  than 
three  years,  or,  if  such  boy  be  not  less  than  ten  years  of  age, 
with  the  approval  of  the  selectmen,  to  the  Connecticut  School 
for  Boys. 

Sec.  29     Officers  other  than  policemen  of  cities  shall  re-   gej  "fa*4* 
ceive  for  making  the  arrests  required  by  sections  27  and  28  §2126 
such  fees,  not  exceeding  the  fees  allowed  by  law  for  making  feesting°r  ar" 
other  arrests,  as  may  be  allowed  by  the  selectmen  of  the  town  truants 
in  which  such  arrests  are  made;  but  unless  a  warrant  was 
issued  by  a  judge  of  the  criminal  or  police  court,  or  by  a 
justice  of  the  peace,  the  officer  shall,  before  receiving  his  fees, 
present  to  the  selectmen  of  the  town  a  written  statement  show- 
ing the  name  of  each  boy  arrested,  the  day  on  which  the  arrest 
was  .made,  and  if  the  boy  was  returned  to  school  the  name  or 
number  of  the  school  to  which  he  was  so  returned. 


i6 


G  S  sec  848 
Rev  1902 
§2127 

Warrant  and 
hearing 


G  S  sec  849 
Rev  1902 
§2128 

Judgment 
may  be  sus- 
pended 

G  S  sec  850 
Rev  1902 
§2129 

Vagrant   girls 
may  be  com- 
mitted to  in- 
dustrial school 


Sec.  30  In  all  cases  arising  under  the  provisions  of  sec- 
tions 27,  28  or  29  a  proper  warrant  shall  be  issued  by  a  judge 
of  the  criminal  court  of  the  city,  or  by  a  justice  of  the  peace 
in  the  borough  or  town,  where  such  arrest  is  made;  and  the 
father,  if  living,  or  if  not,  the  mother  or  guardian  of  such  boy, 
shall  be  notified,  if  such  parent  or  guardian  can  be  found,  of 
the  day  and  time  of  hearing.  The  fees  of  the  judge  or  justice 
shall  be  two  dollars  for  such  hearing;  and  all  expenses  shall 
be  paid  by  the  town,  city  or  borough  in  and  for  which  he 
exercised  such  jurisdiction. 

Sec.  31  After  the  hearing  in  any  such  case  such  judge  or 
justice  of  the  peace  may,  at  his  discretion,  indefinitely  suspend 
judgment. 

Sec.  32  Upon  the  request  of  the  parent  or  guardian  of  any 
girl  between  seven  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  a  warrant  may  be 
issued  for  her  arrest  in  the  manner  and  on  the  conditions  pro- 
vided in  the  preceding  sections  with  respect  to  boys ;  and  there- 
upon the  same  proceedings  may  be  had  as  are  provided  in  said 
sections,  except  that  said  girl  may  be  committed  to  the  Con- 
necticut Industrial  School  for  Girls.1 


G  S  sec  851 
Rev  1902 
§2130 

Number  of 
weeks  of 
school 


Studies 


CHAPTER  III 
Duties  of  Towns 

General   Statutes,   Chapter  45,  page  312 

Sec.  33  Public  schools  shall  be  maintained  for  at  least 
thirty-six  weeks  in  each  year  in  every  town  and  school  district. 
No  town  shall  receive  any  money  from  the  state  treasury  for 
any  district  unless  the  school  therein  has  been  kept  during  the 
time  herein  required ;  but  no  school  need  be  maintained  in  any 
district  in  which  the  average  attendance2  at  the  school  in  said 
district  during  the  preceding  year,  ending  the  fourteenth  day 
of  July,3  was  less  than  eight.*  In  said  schools  shall  be  taught, 
by  teachers  found  duly  qualified,5  reading,  spelling,  writing, 
English  grammar,  geography,  arithmetic  and  United  States 
history,  and  such  other  studies,  including  elementary  science 

i§  364 

2  Method  of  obtaining  average  attendance  is  prescribed  in  register 

3§  235 

*§§  18  242 

B§§  64  153  174  185  199 


and  training  in  manual  arts,  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  board 

of   school    visitors    or  town    school    committee.      The    public 

schools  of  every  town  and  district  shall  be  open  to  children  over 

five  years  of  age  without  discrimination  on  account  of  race  ^g[ of  admisr 

or   color;1   but   school  visitors,   town   school   committees   and 

boards  of  education,  may,  by  vote  at  a  meeting  duly  called, 

admit  to  any  school,  children  over  four  years  of  age. 

Sec.  34     The  duties  of  citizenship,  including  the  knowledge   1^03^9!* 
of  the  form  of  national,  state  and  local  government,  shall  be   1915  ch  272 
taught  in  the  public  schools  as  a  regular  branch  of  study  to  ^tlu^ht1'   to 
pupils  above  the  fourth  grade.     The  provisions  of  this  section 
shall  apply  to  classes  in  ungraded  schools  corresponding  to  the 
grades  designated  herein.    Normal  schools  and  teachers'  train- 
ing schools  shall  give  instruction  in  said  subjects  and  concern-   prepare shouti- 
ing  methods  of  teaching  the  same.    The  state  board  of  educa-  qSestfoifs 
tion  shall  prepare  and  distribute  to  every  school  an  outline  of 
questions  and  suggestions  relating  to  said  subjects,  and  said 
outline  may  be  used  in  said  schools. 

Sec.  35     Any   town    or    school    district   may    maintain   a   G  s  sec  853 
kindergarten  or  kindergartens  for  the  attendance  of  children   5^2131 

P  r  1915,    ch    169 

over  four  years  of  age. 

Sec.  36     There  shall  be  in  every  town,  unless  otherwise  Kinder- 
provided,  a  board  of  school  visitors,2  composed  of  three,  six:  or  8 
nine  members,  as  such  town  may  determine,  divided  into  three   Rev  1902  54 
equal  classes;  the  first  class  shall  hold  office  until  the  next 
annual  town  meeting,  the  second  class  until  the  second  annual  ti0anSo£Caschooi 
town  meeting,  and  the  third  class  until  the  third  annual  town 
meeting  following,  and  until  others  are  elected  in  their  places, 
provided,  when  said  board  is  composed  of  only  three  members, 
they  shall  not  be  divided  into  classes  and  shall  be  elected  for 
three  years.    Should  a  vacancy  occur,  the  remaining  members 
of  the  board  may  fill  it  till  the  next  annual  town  meeting,  when 
vacancies  shall  be  filled  in  the  manner  prescribed  in  section 
37,  and  the  ballots  shall  distinctly  specify  the  vacancy  to  be 
filled. 

XA  child  is  entitled  to  school  privileges  in  a  district  if  he  is  residing  there     59 
Conn  491     See  §  §  221  224 

Sec.  33     What  constitutes  residence  of  a  child  for  school  purposes     59  C.  491, 
492 

a  When  a  school  district  is   organized  under  chapter  V,  the  school  visitors  are 
elected  for  the  remaining  portion  of  the  town 


i8 

G  s  sec  855  Sec.  37     School  visitors  shall  be  chosen  by  ballot.     If  the 

Sec  2133          number  to  be  chosen  be  two,  four,  six  or  eight,  no  person  shall 


Election  of        vote  ^or  more  tnan  na^  °^  sucn  number.     If  the  number  to  be 
school  visitors  chosen  be  three,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two;  if 
five,  not  more  than  three;  if  seven,  not  more  than  four;  if  nine, 
not  more  than  five.     That  number  of  persons  sufficient  to  fill 
the  board,  who  have  the  highest  number  of  votes,   shall  be 
elected.     In  case  of  a  tie  that  person  whose  name  stands  first 
or  highest  on  the  greatest  number  of  ballots  shall  be  elected. 
Rev  "So*56  SGC-  38     Any  town>  at  its  annual  meeting,  may  -direct  its 

Sec  2134  school  visitors   or  town  school  committee  to  employ  one   or 

mus[cUCtl°n  m  more  teachers  to  give  instruction  in  the  rudiments  and  princi- 
ples of  vocal  and  instrumental  music  in  its  several  schools,  and 
the  salary  of  such  teachers  shall  be  paid  by  such  town. 
G  s  sec  857  Sec.  39     Any  town  at  its  annual  meeting  may  direct  the 

Sec  2135  school  visitors,  town  school  committee  or  board  of  education 

1905   ch   174  . 

1907  ch  40  •  to  purchase,  at  the  expense  of  said  town,  the  text-books  and 
Text-books  other  school  supplies  used  in  the  public  schools  of  said  town, 
and  said  text-books  and  supplies  shall  be  loaned  to  the  pupils 
of  said  public  schools  free  of  charge,  subject  to  such  rules  and 
regulations  as  the  school  visitors,  town  school  committee  or 
board  of  education  may  prescribe.1  Whenever  twenty  legal 
voters  shall  so  petition,  the  vote  to  determine  whether  the  said 
school  officers  shall  purchase  text-books  and  supplies  as  herein- 
before provided  shall  be  by  ballot.  Those  electors  who  are  in 
favor  of  directing  said  school  officers  to  so  purchase  text-books 
and  supplies  shall  deposit  a  ballot  with  the  words  "  Free  text- 
books Yes  "  written  or  printed  thereon  and  those  who  are 
opposed  shall  deposit  a  ballot  with  the  words  "  Free  text-books 
No  "  written  or  printed  thereon.  The  ballots  cast  shall  be 
examined,  sorted  and  recorded,  and  the  result  declared  in  the 
manner  provided  by  law,  and  if  the  majority  of  the  ballots  so 
given  in  bear  the  words  "  Free  text-books  Yes,"  said  school 
officers  shall  purchase  such  text-books  and  supplies  as  herein- 
before provided. 

G  s  sec  858  Sec.  40     Whenever  an  acting  school  visitor  shall  find  that 

Sec  2136  any  pupils  in  the  public  schools  are  not  supplied  with  the  pre- 


Text-books   to  scribed  text-books,  and  in  the  opinion  of  said  acting  school 
itor 

§74 


by  town1  c        visitor  the  parents  of  the  pupils  are  unable  to  buy  the  required 


19 

V 

books,1  the  said  acting  visitor  shall  purchase  the  said  books 
and  shall  certify  the  cost  of  the  same  to  the  selectmen,  or  the 
town  school  committee,  as  the  case  may  be,  who  shall  draw  an 
order  on  the  town  treasurer  for  the  payment  of  the  bill. 

Sec.  41     Any  town   which   does  not  supply  the  children   1919  ch  221 
attending-  the  public  schools  therein  with  free  text-books  and 

Towns   which 

school  supplies  shall  sell  such  books  and  supplies  at  cost  to  such  do  not  furnish 
children  through  its  school  visitors,  town   school  committee,  books  to  sell 

at  cost 

or  board  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be. 

Sec.  42     A  copy  of  this  act  shall  be  printed  in  the  next   1919  ch  221 
annual  school  report  of  all  towns  which  do  not  supply  free 

Copy  of  act 

textbooks  and  supplies.    All  public  school  pupils  in  such  towns  to  be  printed 

in  certain 

shall  be  informed  at  the  beginning  of  each  school  year  of  the  school  reports 
provisions  hereof. 

Sec.  43     Except  as  provided  in  section  153  the  selectmen  G  s  sec  859 

shall   have   the   management   of   any   property   pertaining   to  Sec  2133 

schools  and  belonging  to  the  town ;  shall  lodge  with  the  treas-  Duties  of 

°    .  .  selectmen 

urer  all  bonds,  leases,  notes  and  other  securities,  which  have 
not  been,  or  shall  not  be,  intrusted  to  others  by  the  grantor,  the 
general  assembly  or  the  town ;  shall  pay  to  the  treasurer  all 
money  which  they  may  collect  and  receive  for  the  use  of 
schools.  They  shall  cause  the  boundary  lines  of  school  districts 
to  be  entered  on  the  records  of  the  town,  designate  the  time, 
place  and  object  of  holding  the  first  meeting  in  a  new  district, 
and  shall  perform  all  other  lawful  acts  required  of  them  by 
the  town,  or  .necessary  to  carry  into  full  effect  the  powers  of 
towns  with  regard  to  schools.2  • 

Sec.  44     The   selectmen   shall   provide   every   schoolhouse   G  s  sec  860 

,  .   t  11-  •  •  i  .          ,      .  •  Rev  1902 

in  which  a  school  is  maintained  within  their  respective  towns   Sec  2139 
with  a  United  States  flag  of  silk  or  bunting,  not  less  than  four  Flags  for 

r      ,     .       ,  i  .  •      1  1       n  rr  .     schoolhouses 

teet  in  length,  and  a  suitable  flagstaff,  or  other  arrangement 
whereby  such  flag  may  be  displayed  on  the  schoolhouse 
grounds  every  school  day  when  the  weather  will  permit,  and 
on  the  inside  of  the  schoolhouse  on  other  school  days,  and 
renew  such  flag  and  apparatus  when  necessary. 

Sec.  45     If  any  board  of  selectmen  shall  wilfully  refuse  or  G  s  sec  861 

.  ,  *  Rev  1902 

neglect  to  provide  the  flag  or  apparatus  required  by  section   Sec  2141 
44,  or  to  renew  such  flag  or  apparatus,  when  necessary,  for  .a 

x§§  69   180 
•fill 


20 


Penalty  if 
selectmen  neg- 
lect to  pro- 
vide flag 


G  S  sec  862 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2140 
1905  ch  146 

Flag  Day 
exercises 


G  S  sec  863 
Rev  1902 
Sec  4438 

Arbor  and 
Bird  Day 


G  S  sec  864 
1915  ch  106 

Fire  Preven- 
tion Day 


G  S  sec  865 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2142 

Sanitary  con- 
dition of 
schoolhouse 


G  S  sec  866 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2143 

Unsanitary 
conditions; 
proceedings   to 
remedy 


period  of  thirty  days  after  the  reception  by  them  of  written 
notice  signed  by  a  school  visitor,  a  member  of  the  town  school 
committee  or  board  of  education,  or  a  resident  of  the  school 
district  in  which  the  said  school  is  located,  that  said  school- 
house  is  not  provided  with  such  flag  or  apparatus,  or  that  such 
flag  or  apparatus  should  be  renewed,  each  of  such  board  of 
selectmen  who  has  so  received  notice  shall  be  fined  not  more 
than  ten  dollars. 

Sec.  46  The  governor  shall,  annually,  in  the  spring,  desig- 
nate by  official  proclamation  the  fourteenth  day  of  June  as 
Flag  Day,  and  suitable  exercises,  having  reference  to  the 
adoption  of  the  national  flag,  shall  be  held  in  the  public  schools 
on  that  day,  or,  in  case  that  day  shall  not  be  a  school  day,  on 
the  school  day  preceding,  or  on  such  other  days  as  the  school 
visitors,  ^  board  of  education  or  town  school  committee  may 
prescribe. 

Sec.  47  The  governor  shall,  annually,  in  the  spring,  des- 
ignate by  official  proclamation  a  day  to  be  known  as  Arbor  and 
Bird  Day,  to  be  observed  in  the  schools,  and  in  such  other  way 
as  shall  be  indicated  in  such  proclamation. 

Sec.  48  The  governor  shall,  by  proclamation,  annually 
designate  a  day,  on  or  about  October  ninth,  to  be  known  as 
Fire  Prevention  Day,  which  day  shall  be  observed  in  the 
schools  and  in  such  manner  as  shall  be  indicated  in  such  procla- 
mation. 

Sec.  49  Every  schoolhouse  shall  be  kept  in  a  cleanly  state 
and  free  from  effluvia  arising  from  any  drain,  privy  or  other 
nuisance,  and  shall  be  provided  with  a  sufficient  number  of 
proper  water  closets,  earth  closets  or  privies,  for  the  use  of 
the  pupils  attending  such  schoolhouse,  and  shall  be  properly 
ventilated. 

Sec.  50  Whenever  it  shall  be  found  by  the  state  board  of 
education,  or  by  the  board  of  school  visitors,  or  by  a,  mem- 
ber of  the  town  school  committee  of  the  town  in  which  any 
schoolhouse  is  located,  that  further  or  different  sanitary  pro- 
visions or  means  of  lighting  or  ventilating  are  required  in  any 
sghoolhouse,  and  that  the  same  can  be  provided  without  un- 
reasonable expense,  either  of  said  boards,  or  such  member  of 
the  town  school  committee  may  recommend  to  the  person 


21 

or  authority  in  charge  of  or  controlling  such  schoolhouse  such 
changes  in  the  ventilation,  lighting  or  sanitary  arrangements 
of  such  schoolhouse  as  they  may  deem  necessary.  In  case  such 
changes  be  not  made  substantially  as  recommended  within  two 
weeks  from  the  date  of  notice  thereof  such  board  or  member 
of  the  committee  may  make  complaint  to  the  proper  health 
authority  of  the  community  in  which  such  schoolhouse  is  situ- 
ated, which  said  authority  shall,  after  notice  to  and  hearing 
of  the  parties  interested,  order  such  changes  made  in  the  light- 
ing, ventilation  or  sanitary  arrangements  of^such  schoolhouse 
as  it  may  deem  necessary  and  proper. 

Sec.  51     The  word  schoolhouse  as  used  in  sections  49  and  G  s  sec  867 
50  shall  include  any  building  or  premises  in  which  instruction  fee  2144 
is  afforded  to  not  less  than  ten  pupils  at  one  time.     Every  Schoolhouse 
violation  of  any  provision  of  said  sections  shall  be  punished  by 
a  fine  of  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars  or  imprisonment 
for  not  more  than  six  months  or  both.1 

CHAPTER  IV 
Evening  Schools 

General    Statutes,    Chapter    46,    page    315 

Sec.  52     Every  town  and  school  district  having  ten  thou-  .ge^  y^j6* 
sand  or  more  inhabitants  shall  establish  and  maintain  evening  fJQ32^\35 
schools  for  the  instruction  of  persons  over  fourteen  years  of  1909  ch  5 
age,  in  such  branches  as  the  proper  school  authorities  of  the  Evening 

.  1      11  .  schools  and 

town  or  district  shall  prescribe  \~  and,  on  petition  of  at  least  hi*h  schoois 

in  towns  of 

twenty  persons  over  fourteen  years  of  age  for  instruction  in  ten  thousand 

,,...,.  or  more  in- 

any  study  usually  taught  in  a  high  school,  which  persons,  in  habitants 
the  opinion  of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  com- 
mittee or  board  of  education,  are  competent  to  pursue  high 
school  studies,  said  town  or  district  shall  provide  for  such  in- 
struction ;  but  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  a  district  located 
in  a  town  which  maintains  such  schools. 

Sec.  53     Boards  of  school  visitors,  town  school  committees  G  s  sec  869 
or  boards  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  provide  rooms,  seec  2??! 
examine,  employ  and  pay  the  teachers  and  shall  have  all  the  Management 
powers  and  duties  in  relation  to  evening  schools  that  are  by 
law  conferred  on  them  in  connection  with  day  schools. 

1  The  words  "  public  buildings  "  include  schoolhouses     Gen   Stat  6721 
2§  33 


22 


G  S  sec  870 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2147 

Employment 
of  child   not 
attending 
evening 
school; , 
penalty 


1919  ch  198 
Sec   1 

Attendance  by 
certain 
children  in 
public    evening 
schools  com- 
pulsory 


1919  ch  198 
Sec  2 

Certificates 
showing 
attendance  to 
be     issued 
by     school 
boards 


Sec.  54  No  person  over  fourteen  and  under  sixteen  years 
of  age,  who -cannot  read  and  write,  shall  be  employed  in  any 
town  where  public  evening  schools  are  established  unless  he 
can  produce  every  school  month  of  twenty  days  a  certificate 
from  the  teacher  of  an  evening  school  showing  that  he  has 
attended  such  school  eighteen  consecutive  evenings  in  the 
current  school  month,  and  is  a  regular  attendant.  Every 
person  who  shall  employ  a  child  contrary  to  the  provisions  of 
this  section  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars,  and  the 
state  board  of  education  shall  enforce  the  provisions  of  this 
section  as  provided  in  section  333. 

Sec.  55  Every  child  between  fourteen  and  sixteen  years 
of  age,  residing  in  a  city,  town  or  district  in  which  public 
evening  schools  are  maintained,  in  possession  of  an  employment 
certificate  issued  under  the  provisions  of  the  general  statutes 
and  who  has  not  completed  such  course  of  study  as  is  required 
for  graduation  from  the  elementary  public  schools  of  such  city, 
town  or  district,  shall  attend  the  public  evening  schools  of  such 
city,  town  or  district,  or  other  evening  schools  offering  an 
equivalent  course  of  instruction,  for  not  less  than  eight  hours 
each  week',  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  sixteen  weeks  in  each 
calendar  year,  unless  released  from  such  requirement  by  the 
board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  committee  or  board  of 
education.  The  employer  of  any  such  child  shall  keep  on  file 
in  the  place  where  such  child  is  employed,  an  evening  school 
certificate,  issued  as  hereinafter  provided,  certifying  that  such 
child  is  attending  an  evening  school  as  required  under  the 
provisions  of  this  section,  which  certificate  may,  at  any  time, 
be  inspected  by  the  school  authorities. 

Sec.  56  The  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  com- 
mittee or  board  of  education,  or  an  authorized  representative 
of  such  school  authority,  shall  issue  to  each  child  attending  an 
evening  school  in  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  section  55, 
a  certificate  at  least  once  each  month  such  evening  school  is  in 
session  and  at  the  close  of  the  term  of  such  school,  provided 
the  number  of  hours  and  weeks  of  such  attendance  shall  con- 
stitute at  least  as  large  a  part  of  the  period  during  which  such 
school  has  been  in  session  as  eight  hours  per  week  for  sixteen 
weeks  is  of  the  number  of  hours  and  weeks  during  which  such 
school  shall  be  in  session  for  such  calendar  year.  Such  certifi- 


23 

cate  shall  state  the  number  of  hours  per  week  and  the  number 
of  weeks  such  child  has  attended  such  school. 

Sec.  57     If  any  child  shall  violate  any  provision  of  section   g^93ch  198 
55,  his  parent  or  guardian  shall  be  fined,  for  each  week  such  Penalt 
violation  shall  continue,  not  more  than  five  dollars.     Any  per- 
son,  firm   or   corporation,   or   any   officer,   manager,    superin- 
tendent or  employee  acting  in  its  behalf,  who  shall  fail  to  com- 
ply with  the  provisions  of  section  55  concerning  the  certificate 
therein  required,  shall  be  fined,  for  a  first  offense,  not  less  than 
twenty  dollars  nor  more  than  fifty  dollars  and,  for  each  subse- 
quent offense,  not  less  than  fifty  dollars  nor  more  than  two 
hundred  dollars. 

Sec.  58     The  board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  com-  ^  JH! 
mittee,  as  the  case  may  be,  of  any  town  or  the  board  of  educa-  Re^j^g83 
tion   in   any   district,    wherein   such   evening   schools   are   es-  iji98^  228 
tablished  and  maintained,  shall  annually,  on  the  first  Monday  Payment  of 
in  July,   certify   to   the   comptroller   the   average   number   of  £orbllveS£gey 
scholars  attending  such  schools  for  the  first  seventy-five  nights  schools 
of  the  session  within  the  current  school  year,  and  the  comp- 
troller shall  draw  his  order  on  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  such 
board  of  education,  board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school 
committee,  for  the  use  of  such  schools,  in  the  sum  of  four 
dollars  for  each  scholar  included  in  the  number  so  certified, 
and  the  treasurer  shall  pay  the  same  upon  presentation.     No 
money  shall  be  paid  under  the  provisions  of  this  section  unless 
such  evening  schools  have  been  maintained  for  at  least  seventy- 
five  sessions  in  each  school  year,  nor  until  the  board  of  school 
visitors,  board  of  education  or  town  school  committee  has  re- 
ported to  the  state  board  of  education  concerning  the  condition 
and  progress  of  such  schools.1 

Sec.  59     Any  town  of  less  than  ten  thousand  inhabitants  j^s  s^^2 
may,  at  its  annual  town  meeting  or  at  a  meeting  warned  for  Sec  2H9 
that  purpose,  vote  to  establish  evenine  schools  under  the  pro-  ment  of  eve- 

.    .  ,  ,      0  ning     schools 

visions  of  sections  52,  53  and  =58.  in  smaller 

towns 

Sec.  60     If  any  board  of  school  visitors,  board  of  education   G  s  sec  873 

J      .  Rev  1902 

or  town  school  committee  shall  deem  it  inexpedient  or  impracti-    Sec  2150 
cable  to  establish  a  school  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter 
and  shall,  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  of  October  in  any  year, 

1  Blanks 'are  furnished;  see  note  §  5 


when  towns      apply  in  writing-  to  the  state  board  of  education  to  be  relieved 

may    be    re-  ^r  j 

estlbHshin"1  from  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  and  if  said  board  shall, 
upon  investigation,  find  the  application  to  be  reasonable,  and 
shall  so  state  in  writing,  the  town  or  district  so  applying  by 
its  board  of  visitors,  board  of  education  or  town  school  com- 
mittee shall  not  be  subject  to  the  provisions  of  section  52  until 
the  beginning  of  the  school  year  following  the  date  of  the 
application. 


G  S  sec  874 
Rev    1902 
Sec    2151 

Debts  of 
school    socie- 
ties ;     liability 
of  towns     N 

G  S  sec  875 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2152 

Records  of 

school 
societies 


G  S  sec  876 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2153 

Property    of 

school 

societies 


CHAPTER  V 

Transfer  of  the  Property  and  Obligations  of  School 
Societies  to  Towns 

General   Statutes,   Chapter  47,  page   317 

Sec.  6 1  All  debts,  obligations  or  pecuniary  trusts  of  any 
school  society,  heretofore  existing,  which  pertain  to  schools, 
shall  remain  in  force  against  the  town  or  towns  in  which  such 
society  was  situated. 

Sec.  62  The  records  of  school  societies  shall  be  deposited 
and  forever  kept  with  the  records  of  the  towns  in  which  such 
societies  were  situated ;  and  where  any  school  society  lay  within 
the  limits  of  two  or  more  towns,  with  the  records  of  the 
town  in  which  the  greater  part  of  its  territory  lay;  and  said 
records,  whether  they  appear  to  have  been  made  at  a  meeting 
held  in  pursuance  of  a  warning  or  otherwise,  or  whether  in- 
formal or  otherwise,  if  the  same  can  be  clearly  understood,  are 
validated  and  confirmed. 

Sec.  63  All  property  heretofore  held  for  school  purposes 
by  school  societies  shall  vest  in  the  towns  in  which  such 
societies  were  situated,  to  be  held  by  such  towns  for  the  same 
purposes.  Where  there  were  two  or  more  school  societies  in 
a  town,  any  of  which  had  a  permanent  fund  for  the  support 
of  schools,  such  fund  shall  be  held  in  trust  by  said  town,  for 
the  support  of  schools  for  the  inhabitants  of  the  territory 
formerly  embraced  within  such  society;  and  where  any  school 
society  lay  within  the  limits  of  two  or  more  towns,  and  had 
any  permanent  fund,  it  shall  be  divided  between  such  towns, 
and  each  shall  hold  its  portion  in  trust  for  the  support  of 

Sec  62     Effect  of  statute  illustrated     55   C.   144 

Sec     63     Property  held  in  trust  by  bequest  'not  affected  by  the  statue  39  C     63 


25 

schools  for  the  inhabitants  of  that  portion  of  such  society  lying 
within  its  limits;  and  the  indebtedness  of  any  such  society 
shall  be  apportioned  in  the  same  manner  between  said  towns. 
Such  distribution  or  apportionment  shall  be  made  by  the 
selectmen  of  said  towns  and  if  they  cannot  agree,  then  upon 
application  of  the  selectmen  of  either  town,  and  notice  to  the 
other,  by  a  committee  of  three  disinterested  persons  appointed 
by  the  superior  court  in  the  county  in  which  either  town  is 
situated,  who  shall  report  to  said  court,  which  report,  when 
accepted,  shall  be  final;  and  such  agreement  or  report  shall 
be  recorded  upon  the  records  of  each  town. 

Sec.  64     School  societies  heretofore  organized  under  the  G  s  sec  877 
act  of  1855,  entitled  "An  act  in  addition  to  and  in  alteration  of  Sec  2154 
an  act  concerning  education,"  which  are  not  coextensive  with  Boards  ot 

1-11  •  j  •        education; 

the  towns  in  which  they  are  situated,  shall  be  and  remain  powers  and 
school  districts  of  said  towns,  with  all  the  powers  and  duties  of 
school  districts,  as  specified  in  this  title  j1  except  that  each  shall 
annually  choose  on  the  third  Monday  of  September,  instead 
of  a  district  committee,  a  board  of  education  consisting  of  six 
or  nine  persons,  who  shall  be  chosen  by  ballot,  one-third  to 
be  chosen  each  year,  to  serve  for  three  years  and  until  others 
are  elected  in  their  places.  That  number  of  persons  sufficient 
to  fill  the  board  who  have  the  highest  number  of  votes  shall 
be  elected.  Said  board  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  be  subject 
to  all  the  duties  of  district  committees,2  and  shall  also  have  the 
general  superintendence  of  the  public  schools  in  the  district 
and  the  management  of  its  property;  shall  lodge  all  bonds, 
leases,  notes  and  other  securities,  with  the  treasurer  of  said 
district,  unless  the  same  have  been  intrusted  to  others  by  the 
grantors,  or  the  general  assembly ;  pay  into  the  treasury  of  the 
district  all  moneys  which  they  may  receive  for  the  support  of 
schools;  determine  the  number  and  qualifications  of  the 
scholars  to  be  admitted  into  each  school;  supply  the  requisite 
number  of  qualified  teachers;3  ascertain  annually,  during  the 
first  two  weeks  of  September,  the  expense  of  maintaining  the 
schools  under  their  superintendence  during  the  year  ending 
the  fourteenth  day  of  the  previous  July,4  and  report  the  same, 

1  Chapter  VIII,  page  39 

2  Chapter  XI,  page  71 
8  §  §  33  202 

*§  235 


26 

with  the  amount  of  moneys  received  towards  the  payment 
thereof,  to  the  district,  at  a  meeting  to  be  held  on  the  third 
Monday  of  September  in  each  year;  shall,  at  the  same  time, 
make  a  full  report  of  their  doings,  and  the  condition  of  such 
schools,  and  all  important  matters  concerning  the  same;  and 
shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  required  of  them  by  the  district, 
or  necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the  powers  and  duties  herein 
defined.  All  existing  school  societies,  in  which  school  dis- 
tricts have  been  or  may  be  abolished,  may  avail  themselves 
of  the  privileges  specified  in  this  section.1  Special  laws  relat- 
ing to  particular  societies  or  districts  shall  not  be  affected  by 
this  section. 

G  S  sec  878  > 

Rev  1902 

Sec  215S  Sec.  65     The  property  of  the  school  societies  specified  in 

Certain  prop-    section  64  shall  not  be  affected  by  the  provisions  of  this  title. 

affected  by 
this  title 

Sec.  66     The  board  of  education,  appointed  by  any  school 

G  S  sec  879  _  . 

sev  2156  district  organized  under  the  provisions  of  section  64,  shall, 
p  wers  of  within  said  district,  possess  all  the  powers  and  be  subject  to 
board  of  edu-  a]j  foe  duties  of  school  visitors  in  the  several  towns  \~  shall 

cation  ap- 

schoo1d  district  ma^e  its  annual  report  to  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of 
education,  and  send  its  returns  and  certificates  directly  to  the 
comptroller;  may  appoint' an  acting  school* visitor  in  said  dis- 
trict, who  shall  possess,  within  said  district,  all  the  powers 
and  be  subject  to  all  the  duties  of  similar  officers  appointed 
by  school  visitors.3  The  authority  of  the  board  of  school 
visitors  of  the  town  in  which  said  district  is  situated  shall 
extend  only  to  the  remaining  portion  of  said  town ;  and  its 
returns  and  certificates  shall  include  only  the  children  of  such 
remaining  portion. 

Rev  i90288°  Sec.  67  The  comptroller,  on  application  of  the  board  of 

education  of  such  district,  shall  draw  an  order  on  the  treas- 

mentrofn"         urer  in  favor  of  such  district  for  the  proportionate  amount 

public  money    io  ^-^  suc|1  district  may  be  entitled  of  all  moneys  appro- 

1  Districts  which   availed  themselves  of  the   provisions  of  this   chapter  were   city 
district  of  New  Haven    (see  page  192),  Westville  district  of  New  Haven,   Middle- 
town  city  district,  Norwich  central  district,   Norwich   town   street  district,    Norwich 
Falls  district,   Waterbury  city  district    (see   page   217).      For  Orange   union   district 
(see    page    211).      New    Haven    and    Waterbury    are    now    managed    under    special 
charters.      The   town   of   Norwich   has    consolidated    its    districts    under    Chapter    51 
of  the  general  statutes. 

2  See  chapter  VI,  page  27 

3  §79 


27 

# 

priated  by  law  for  the  benefit,  support  and  encouragement  of 
public  schools,  as  is  provided  in  respect  to  towns  ;x  and  the 
town  in  which  said  district  is  situated  shall  be  entitled  to 
receive  only  its  proportionate  amount  of  such  public  money 
for  the  children  in  the  remaining  portion  of  said  town. 

Sec.  68     In   every   school    district    in   which    a    board    of  ^  l^88 
education  is  required  by  law  to  be  elected  by  ballot,  the  ballot  Sec  21S8 
boxes  shall  be  open   for  the  reception   of  votes,   in  districts  f^-jf^6 
having  less  than   four  hundred  voters,   three  hours  and  not  education£ 
longer;  in  districts  having  over  four  hundred  and  less  than 
one  thousand  voters,  five  hours  and  not  longer;  and  no  box 
for  the  reception  of  ballots  shall  remain  open  later  than  half 
past  eight  in  the  afternoon  of  the  day  of  such  election. 

CHAPTER  VI 
School  Visitors  and  Committees 

General  Statutes    chapter  48    page  319 

Sec.  69     The  board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  com-  G  s  sec^ss 

mittee  shall  annually  choose  from  their  number  a  chairman.  Sec  2l$9 
They    shall    prescribe    rules2    for    the   management,    studies,3        . 

classification  and  discipline  of  the  public  schools,  and,  subject  Duties  of 

1  _  J  board   or 

to  the  control  of  the  state  board  of  education,  the  text-books  committee 

to  be  used  ;4   shall  make  proper   rules   for   the   arrangement, 

use  and  safe-keeping,  within  their  respective  jurisdictions/  of 

the  school  libraries,  provided  in  part  by  the  state  and  approve 

the   books    selected   therefor;5   they   shall   approve   plans    for 

schoolhouses6  and  superintend  any  high7  or  graded  school  in 

the  manner  specified  in  this  title. 

Sec  67     Applies  only  to  districts  described  in   §   64      85   C     34 

Sec  69     A  general  certificate  given  a  teacher  qualifies  him  to  teach  in  any  dis- 

M  226 

2  Rules  as  to  attendance  see  §  17 
trict  of  the  town     36  C    283 

In  the  absence  of  rules  prescribed  by  the  school  board  or  other  proper  authority 
the  teacher  may  make  all  necessary  and  proper  rules  for  the  regulation  of  the 
school  53  Conn  481 

3  §33     *§§5    74 

5  Chap  xiii  page   76     c  §    143     7  Chap  xii  page  72      §  185 

1  Powers  and  duties  not  given  above  are  stated  in  connection  with  the  fol- 
lowing 

1  Vacancies  in  district  offices     §  137 

2  Enforcement  of  laws  relating  to 

8     employment   of  children  §  §  24   333 
b     attendance 

grant  leaving  certificates   §  19 

nominate    to    selectmen    persons    to    be    appointed    special    constables 
§  347 


28 


Sec.  70     Any  board  of  education,  town  school  committee, 
board  of  school  visitors  or  board  of  education  in  any  incor- 
1915  ch  290      porated  school  district  may  elect  one  member  thereof  to  be 
secretary  and  one  member  to  be  treasurer  of  such  board  or 


G  S  sec  883 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2159 
1911    ch    32 


Secretary 
Treasurer 
Compensation 


3  Normal  school 

shall  assist   in   selection   of  students     §  256 

4  Returns  to  school  visitors  by 

a  district  committee  of  beginning  and  close  of  term,  enumeration, 
enumeration  in  parts  of  joint  districts,  receipts,  expenditures, 
statistics,  etc  §  §  181  221  District  clerk  of  names  of  district  officers 
§  136 

5  School  buildings 

a     inspection   §79      Buildings   must  be    in   satisfactory   condition   §  142 
b     may  fix  sites  on  application  of  district  of  adjoining  town  §  144 

6  Enumeration  and  distribution  of  state  grants 

a     shall  make   enumeration   if  committee   fails     §  §  221     222 

b     shall   examine   returns   of   enumeration     §  223 

c     shall  lodge  returns  with  town  treasurer    §  223 

d     shall  make  returns  to  comptroller    §  223 

e     shall    certify   to    comptroller   that   schools   have    been   kept   according   to 

law    §  226 
f     shall    withhold    certificate    if   schools    have    not    been    kept    according    to 

law    §  230 

7  .  Estimates 

a  shall  as  a  joint  board  with  selectmen  make  preliminary  estimates  and 
notify  committees  §  234 

b  shall  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  present  estimates  to  town  meet- 
ing §  236 

8  Appropriations 

a  shall  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  fix  amounts  and  notify  each  dis- 
trict §  236  „ 

b  may  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  appropriate  moneys  for  school 
libraries  §  197 

9  Expenses 

a  shall  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  report  cost  of  schools  for  pre- 
ceding year  to  town  meeting  §  236 

b  shall*  as  joint  board  with  selectmen  pass  upon  expenses  in  addition 
to  amounts  appropriated  §  238 

c  apportion  expenses  of  joint  districts  and  report  to  selectmen  of  each 
town  §§  90  245 

10  Payment  of  teachers 

shall  give  certificate  to  selectmen  that  schools  have  been  kept  according 
to  law    §  238 

11  Consolidated  districts 

on  abandonment   of  town  system  town   school   committee   remains   board 
of  visitors     §  167 

12  May   in   connection   with   committee   admit   non-resident    scholars    to    district 

schools    §  145 

13  May  discontinue  small  schools  and  provide  transportation     §  242 

14  May  make  complaint  to  board  of  health  when  sanitary  condition  of  school 

house  is   unsatisfactory    §  50 


29 

committee  and  may  prescribe  their  duties.  The  compensa- 
tion of  any  such  secretary  or  treasurer  shall  be  fixed  by  the 
town  at  its  annual  meeting,  except  in  any  incorporated  school 
district  where  the  compensation  shall  be  fixed  by  the  school 
committee. 

Sec.  71     The  committee  having  charge  of  the  schools  in  f90^  gf  ^ 
towns  or  school  districts  shall  maintain  water-closets  or  privies  water-closets 
for  the  accommodation  of  the  pupils   attending  the  schools  J3?0(}jrivies  in 
therein.     When  such  water-closets  or  privies  are  constructed  buildin8s 
in  the  same  building,  or  under  the  same  roof,  and  in  close 
proximity  to  each  other,  they  shall  be  constructed  with  a  solid 
partition  made  of  brick,  stone,  cement,  concrete  or  metal  con- 
struction, or  by  a  double  wooden  partition  with  at  least  four 
inches  air-space  between  the  two  walls  of  said  partition,  so  as 
to  effectively  separate  the  water-closets  or  privies  designated 
for  the  .use  of  boys  from  those  designated  for  the  use  of  girls. 

Sec.  72     The  board  of  school  visitors,  board  of  education  <*91^  **£  ^53 
or  town  school  committee  of  any  town,  city  or  borough  may  Establish. 
establish   vocational   guidance   as   a   part   of   the   educational 
system  of  such  municipality,  and  may,  in  its  discretion,  employ 
a  vocational  counselor  whose  duties  and  compensation  shall 
l)e  prescribed  by  such  board. 

Sec.  73     Any  board  of  education,  town  school  committee,  f91^  **£  ^ 
district  committee  of  an  incorporated  district,  joint  board  of  Appointment 
selectmen  and  school  visitors  or  board  of  school  visitors  may 
appoint  one  or  more  attendance  officers  and  fix  their  compen-  schools 
sation.     Each  such  officer  shall  be  sworn  to  the  faithful  per- 
formance of  his  duties  and  shall  be  under  the  direction  of  the 
principal  or  superintendent  of  schools  of  the  town  or  district 
wherein  he  resides.    He  shall  investigate  the  absence  of  pupils 
from  or  irregular  attendance  of  pupils  at  school,  cause  such  • 
pupils    as    are   absent   or   irregular   in    attendance    to    attend 
.-school  regularly  and  present  cases  requiring  prosecution  for 
violation  of  the  school  laws  to  prosecuting  officers. 

Sec.  74     No  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  com-  ^  J902 
mittee  or  board  of  education  of  any  district  shall  change  any  Sec  216° 
text-books  "used  in  the  public  schools  except  by  a  two-thirds 
vote  of  all  the  members  of  the  board  or  committee,  notice  of 
such  intended  change  having  been  previously  given  at  a  meet- 


G  S  sec  888 
Rev    1902 
Sec   2161 

Vaccination 
of    school 
children 


G   S  sec  889 
Rev    1902 
Sec   2162 

Effects    of 
alcohol   and 
narcotics    to 
be    taught 


G  S  sec  890 
Rev    1902 
Sec     2163 

Comptroller 
may    withhold 
school    money 


G  S  sec  891 
Rev    1902 
Sec   2164 


ing  of  said  board  or  committee  held  at  least  one  week  previous 
to  the  vote  upon  such  change;1  but  the  board  of  education,  the 
board  of  school  visitors  or  the  town  school  committee,  may, 
in  addition  to  the  text-books  prescribed  according  to  the  pro- 
visions of  section  69,  prescribe  the  use  of  other  books  as 
text-books  in  reading;  provided,  such  additional  series  are 
purchased  by  the  district  or  town  and  the  use  thereof  furnished 
free  to  the  scholars. 

Sec.  75  The  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  com- 
mittee or  board  of  education  may  require  every  child  to  be 
vaccinated  before  being  permitted  to  attend  a  public  school 
under  its  jurisdiction.  If  the  parents  or  guardians  of  any  chil- 
dren are  unable  to  pay  for  such  vaccination,  the  expense  there- 
of shall,  on  the  recommendation  of  said  board  or  committee, 
be  paid  by  the  town.  Said  board  or  committee  may  exclude 
from  any  school  under  its  supervision  all  children  under  five 
years  of  age  whenever  in  its  judgment  the  interest  of  such 
school  will  be  thereby  promoted. 

Sec.  76  Hygiene,  including  the  effects  of  alcohol  and 
narcotics  on  health  and  character,  shall  be  taught  as  a  regular 
branch  of  study  to  pupils  above  the  third  grade  in  public 
schools;  and,  in  grades  above  the  fifth,  text-books  treating  of 
the  effects  of  alcohol  and  narcotics  on  the  human  system  shall 
be  used.  This  section  shall  apply  to  classes  in  ungraded  schools 
corresponding  to  the  grades  designated  herein,  but  shall  not 
include  high  schools.  Normal  and  teachers'  training  schools 
shall  give  instruction  on  the  subjects  prescribed  in  this  section 
and  concerning  the  best  methods  of  teaching  the  same.2' 

Sec.  77  Whenever  the  comptroller  shall  be  satisfied  that 
any  town  or  district  has  failed  to  comply  with  the  require- 
ments of  section  76,  he  may  withhold  from  such  town  or  dis- 
trict the  whole  or  any  part  of  the  school  dividend.3 

Sec.  78  The  chairman  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  or 
of  the  town  school  committee  or,  in  case  of  his  absence  or* 
inability  to  act,  the  secretary,  shall  call  a  meeting  of  the  board 

1  Supplementary   reading   books    not   reference    cannot   be   bought    with    school 
library  grant    §   196 

Sec  75     Statute    held    to    be    constitutional    and    in    the    exercise    of    reasonable 
police  power     65    C    183 

2  §199 

3  §247 


at  least   once   every   six   months   and   whenever   he   deems   it  board"??  °f 
necessary  or  is  requested  in  writing  so  to  do  by  three  of  its  committee 
members.     If  no  meeting  is  called  within  fourteen  days  after 
such  a  request  has  been  made,  one  may  be  called  by  any  three 
members  by  giving  the  usual  written  notice  to  the  others. 

Sec.  79     The  board   of   school  visitors,   the   town   school  ^f  ^03S 
committee  or  the  board  of  education  shall  annually  assign  the  ||JS  l^s 
duty  of  visiting  the  schools  of  the  town  to  one  or  more  of  2166 
their  number  or  they  may  appoint  a  person  not  of  their  num-  JJjJjg8  s°cfhool 
ber  who  shall  be  called  the  acting  school  visitor,  or  visitors,  visitors 
and  who  shall  visit  such  schools  at  least  twice  during  each 
term,  once  within  four  weeks  after  the  opening,  and  again 
during  the  four  weeks  preceding  the  close;  at  which  visit  the 
schoolhouse   and   outbuildings,    school    register1    and   library2 
shall  be  examined,  and  the  studies,  discipline,  mode  of  teach- 
ing and  general  condition  of  the  school  investigated.     Half  a 
day  shall  be  spent  in  each  school  so  visited  unless  otherwise 
directed.     They  shall,   one  week  at   least  before  the   annual 
town  meeting,  submit  to  the  board  or  to  the  committee,  as  the 
case  may  be,  a  full  written  report  of  their  proceedings  and  of 
the  condition  of  the  several  schools  during  the  year  preceding 
with   plans    and    suggestions    for    their    improvement.      Any 
town  at  its  annual  town  meeting,  or  at  a  special  meeting  duly 
called    for   that   purpose,    may   fix   the    compensation    of   the 
acting  school  visitor  or  visitors. 

Sec.  8o3     The  town  school  committee  or  board  of  edu-  G  s  sec  893 
cation  or  board  of  school  'visitors  of  any  town  may  choose  Se?  2166 

1903  ch  195 

Sec  79     Town    may    employ    counsel    to    defend    action    brought    against   school 
visitors   for   causing   discharge   of   teacher     79    C   237 

1  §  204 

2  Chapter  xiii  page  76 

3  Statements  made  by  a  district  superintendent  of  schools  in  his  official  report 
to  the  board  of  school  visitors,  concerning  the  efficiency  and  qualifications  of  the 
teachers    employed    in    the    district,    are    privileged    communications.      81    Conn    293 

It  is  not  essential  in  order  to  invoke  the  protection  of  a  privileged  com- 
munication, that  the  defendant  should  have  had  what  might  seem  to  the  jury  to  I 
be  "  good  reasons  "  or  "  reasonable  grounds  "  for  believing  the  statements  made 
by  him  were  true;  it  is  enough  if  he  honestly  believed  them  to  be  true  and  made 
them  in  good  faith  in  a  conscientious  desire  to  discharge  the  duties  of  his  office. 
Nor  is  it  necessary  to  such  privilege  that  the  defendant  should  prove  that  state- 
ments made  by  him  which  were  inevitably  detrimental  to  the  plaintiff  as  a 
school  teacher,  were  published  with  no  intention  or  purpose  on  his  part  to 
"  injure  "  her  Ib 

The    word    "  injury,"    as    generally    used,    includes    any    act    or    omission    which 
harms  or  damages  another,   whether  justified  by  law   or   not    Ib 


32 

Superintend-      by  ballot  a  superintendent  of  schools1  and  may  fix  the  salary2 

ent  of  schools       J  „..''.,  •    ,         1  1-1111 

Appointment  and  prescribe  the  duties  of  said  superintendent,  which  shall 
always  include  the  duties  of  acting  visitor  as  prescribed  by 
law.  A  majority  vote  of  all  the  members  of  the  committee 
or  board  shall  be  necessary  to  an  election. 

G  s  sec  894  Sec.  8 1     Two   or  more  towns   together   employing  more 

1903    ch    195  , 

1909  ch  225  than  thirty  and  not  more  than  fifty  teachers  may  unite,  by 
Towns  may  vote  of  the  town  school  committee,  board  of  school  visitors  or 
vSion  district  board  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be,  for  the  purpose  of 
employing  a  superintendent  of  schools,  and  towns  so  united 
shall  form  a  supervision  district.  The  town  school  committee, 
board  of  school  visitors  or  board  of  education  of  towns  so 
united  are  authorized  to  make  all  arrangements,  agreements 
and  regulations  necessary  to  the  organization  and  maintenance 
of  a  supervision  district.  Such  school  officers  of  each  of  the 
towns  constituting  a  separate  district  shall  appoint  one  of 
their  number  as  a  member  of  a  supervision  committee,  and 
the  committee  so  appointed  shall  be  a  joint  committee  on 
behalf  of  the  several  towns  constituting  the  supervision  dis- 
trict. Each  town  shall  be  entitled  to  one  vote  in  such  joint 
committee,  and  such  joint  committee  may  employ  a  superin- 
tendent, fix  and  apportion  the  salary  of  such  superintendent 
and  manage  the  affairs  of  such  district.  Every  district  organ- 
ized under  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  continue  three 


There  is  no  presumption  that  statements,  made  in  an  official  report  which  is 
in  the  nature  of  a  privileged  communication,  are  either  false  or  malicious  Ib 

Declarations  indicative  of  an  existing  feeling  or  state  of  mind  respecting  an 
act  about  to  be  done  by  the  declarant,  if  made  naturally  and  under  circumstances 
devoid  of  suspicion,  are  admissible,  not  as  part  of  the  res  gestae,  but  as  relevant 
evidence  of  the  existence  of  the  fact  as  to  which  they  speak  Ib 

The  fact  that  one  expressed  regret  or  sorrow  for  an  official  report  which  he 
was  about  to  make,  is  not  only  evidence  of  that  feeling  at  that  time,  but  also 
tends  to  show  that  the  same  feeling  attended  the  filing  of  his  report  a  few  days 
later  Ib 

The  question  of  whether  evidence  is  or  is  not  too  remote  in  point  of  time, 
to  be  entitled  to  admission,  is  one  which  addresses  itself  to  the  sound  discretion 
of  the  trial  judge  Ib 

That  evidence  is  legally  admissible  does  not  in  all  cases  necessarily  require 
its  admission  Ib 

One  of  the  alleged  libelous  statements  in  the  present  case  was  that  the 
plaintiff  had  not  "  even  externals  of  refinement."  Held  that  an  instruction  which 
was  calculated  to  focus  the  attention  of  the  jury  upon  the  plaintiff's  appearance 
on  the  witness-stand  as  affording  them  the  best  evidence  to  determining  whether, 
several  months  before,  she  possessed  "  the  externals  of  refinement,"  was  er- 
roneous and  misleading  Ib 

*§79         2§397 


33 

years,  and  at  the  end  of  three  years  any  town  may  dissolve  a 
district  by  withdrawal.  Notice  of  the  intent  to  withdraw  shall 
be  given  in  writing  to  the  other  towns  of  the  district  at  least 
three  months  before  the  termination  of  the  three  year  period. 

Sec.  82  The  secretary  of  each  town  school  committee,  !p90^  J*£  8^ 
board  of  school  visitors,  or  board  of  education  acting  under  Payment  of 
section  Si  shall,  annually,  on  or  before  the  fourteenth  day  of  fntretnd 
July,  certify  to  the  state  board  of  education  the  amount  actually  lf^tly  by 
paid  as  salary  to  the  superintendent  for  the  current  school 
year,  and,  whenever  a  superintendent  has  been  employed 
according  to  the  provisions  of  section  81,  the  comptroller 
shall,  upon  application  of  the  state  board  of  education,  draw 
an  order  on  the  treasurer  on  behalf  of  said  town  for  one- 
half  the  sum  certified;  provided,  not  more  than  eight  hundred 
dollars  be  paid  by  the  state  to  any  supervision  district  for  one 
year;  and  provided,  no  supervision  district  shall  receive  more 
from  the  state  than  the  district  itself  has  paid  to  the  super- 
intendent. 

Sec.  83     No  person  shall  'be  eligible  for  appointment  under  G  s  sec  896 
section  81  who  has  not  had  at  least  five  years'  successful  ex- 
perience as  a  teacher  or  superintendent,  or  who  does  not  hold  t?onslfirequired 
a  certificate  of  approval  by  the  state  board  of  education.  mentapaPs01su- 

perintendent 

Sec.  84       The  town   school   committee,   board   of   school   1903  ch  195 

•     ,  .  .  1909   ch    225 

•visitors  or  board  of  education  of  any  town  employing  more  Rev   1918 
than  twenty  and  not  more  than  thirty  teachers  may  choose  by  1919  ch  153 
ballot   a   superintendent   of   schools,   and   may   fix   his   salary  Choice  of 
and  prescribe  the  duties  of  such  superintendent,  which  shall  ent 
include  the  duties  of  acting"  school  visitor  as  prescribed  by  law. 
A  majority  vote  of  the  members  of  the  committee  or  board 
shall  be  necessary  to  an  election.     No  person  shall  be  eligible 
for  appointment  under  the  provisions  of  this   act   who  does 
•not  hold  a  certificate  of  approval  by  the  state  board  of  educa- 
tion.   On  or  before  the  first  Monday  in  October  in  each  year, 
the  state  board  of  education  shall  notify,  in  writing,  the  town 
school  committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  board  of  educa- 
tion of  any  town  employing  a  superintendent  of  schools,  as 
to  whether  the  superintendent  so  employed  has  been  approved 
by  and  holds  a  certificate  of  approval  of  the  state  board  of 
•education. 


34 


G  S  sec  898 
1909  ch  225 

Superintend- 
ent paid  in 
part  by  state 


G  S  sec  899 

1903  ch  195 
1907  ch  259 
1909  ch  225 

Appointment 
and  payment 
of  agent  by 
state 


G  S  sec  900 
1911  ch  26 

Vote  on  su- 
pervision of 
schools 


G  S  sec  901 
1917   ch  316 

Supervising 
agent  to  em- 
ploy or  nomi- 
nate teachers 


Sec.  85  Any  committee  or  board  appointing  a  superin- 
tendent under  the  provisions  of  section  84  shall  annually,  on 
or  before  the  fourteenth  day  of  July,  certify  to  the  state  board 
of  education  the  amount  actually  paid  as  salary  to  the  superin- 
tendent for  the  current  school  year,  and  the  comptroller  shall, 
upon  application  of  the  state  board  of  education,  draw  an 
order  on  the  treasurer  on  behalf  of  such  town  for  one-half  the 
sum  certified;  provided,  not  more  than  eight  hundred  dollars 
shall  be  paid  by  the  state  to  any  town  for  one  year;  and  pro- 
vided, no  town  shall  receive  more  from  the  state  than  one-half 
the  total  amount  actually  paid  as  salary  to  the  superintendent. 

Sec.  86  The  town  school  committee  or  board  of  school 
visitors  or  board  of  education  of  any  town  employing  not  more 
than  twenty  teachers  may  petition  the  state  board  of  educa- 
tion, or  such  town  may  by  vote  request  the  state  board  of  edu- 
cation, and  the  state  board  of  education  when  so  petitioned  or 
requested  is  authorized  to  appoint  and  fix  the  salary  of  an 
agent  who  shall  discharge  the  duties  of  superintendent,  which 
shall  include  the  duties  of  acting  visitor  as  prescribed  by  law.1 
Supervising  agents  appointed  under  the  provisions  of  this 
section  may  be  assigned  by  the  state  board  of  education  to 
two  or  more  towns.  The  comptroller  shall,  upon  application 
of  the  state  board  of  education,  draw  an  order  on  the  treasurer 
for  the  amounts  of  the  salaries  of  the  agents  appointed  under 
the  provisions  of  this  section. 

Sec.  87  Any  town  employing  more  than  twenty  teachers 
and  in  which  there  is  no  superintendent  of  schools  or  super- 
vising agent,  approved  or  appointed  by  the  state  board  of 
education  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  sections  81, 
84  and  86,  may,  at  any  annual  or  biennial  town  meeting,  upon 
giving  due  notice  thereof  in  the  warning  for  said  meeting, 
vote  by  ballot  to  determine  whether  said  town  will  instruct  its 
school  visitors,  town  school  committee  or,  board  of  education 
to  choose  a  superintendent  of  schools  or  request  the  appoint- 
ment of  a  supervising  agent  under  the  provisions  of  sections 
81,  84  and  86. 

Sec.  88  Any  school  committee  may  authorize  the  super- 
vising agent  to  employ  teachers.  Any  school  supervising 
agent  not  authorized  to  employ  teachers  shall  nominate  to 

1  Sec  79 


35 

the  school  committee  teachers  for  each  of  the  schools  in  their 
respective  towns  from  which  nominations  teachers  may  be 
employed  and  such  committee  shall  accept  or  reject  such 
nominations  within  one  month  from  the  time  made. 

Sec.  89     The  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  com-  G  s  sec  ^ 
mittee  or  board  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  make  |e?  216? 
returns  signed  by  the  chairman  and  secretary,  of  the  number  \$il  *h  is2 
of  persons  over  four  and  under  sixteen  years  of  age  in  their  Report  to 
.respective  towns,  to  the  comptroller,  and  shall  in  said  returns  comPtroller 
specify  how  many  of  those  thus  returned  were  attending  some 
school,  public  or  private,  in  September  following  said  enumera- 
tion,  and  how  many  were  not  so  attending;   how  many  of 
those  who  were  not  attending  school  were  under  five  years  of 
age,  how  many  were  over  fourteen  and  under  sixteen  years  of 
age,  and  the  chairman  and  secretary  shall  draw  orders  on  him 
for  the  public  money  due  the  town  as  prescribed  in  chapter 
I6.1     No  town  shall  receive  any  money  for  schools  from  the 
state  treasury  unless  the  returns  herein  required  are  made.2 

Sec.  90     After  the  close  of  each  term  of  school  in  any  dis-  G  s  sec  903 

Rev    1902 

trict  the  school  visitors  shall  give  to  the  selectmen  a  certificate  Sec  2168 
stating"  whether   each   school   has   been   kept   in    all    respects   Certificate  to 

.  1       i     11      •  •  selectmen 

according  to  law  or  not;  and  shall,  m  connection  with  the 
selectmen,  perform  the  duties  required  by  the  provisions  of 
chapter  16,  and  make  the  apportionment  required  in  the  case 
of  districts  formed  from  parts  of  two  or  more  towns,  as  pre- 
scribed in  section  245. 

Sec.  91     The  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  or   G^s  s^w 
of  the  town  school  committee,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  keep  Sec  2169 
a  record  of  all  its  proceedings  and  of  those  of  the  acting  school  Duties  of 
visitors  in  a  book  which  he  shall  provide  for  that  purpose  at 
the  expense  of  the  town ;  shall  submit  to  the  town  at  its  annual 
meeting  a  written  report  of  the  doings  of  the  board  or  com- 
mittee with  the  report  of  the  acting  school  visitors;  and  on 
or  before  the  fifteenth  of  October  send  two  copies  of  said  re- 
ports to  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education;  and 
shall  furnish  such  additional  returns  and  statistics  respecting 
the  schools  of  the  town  as  said  board  may  call  for.     And  if 
the  returns  and  statistics  called  for  by  the  secretary  of  the 
state  board  of  education  shall  not  be  sent  to  him  on  or  before 

'§226     2§§244    247 


G  S  sec  905 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2170 

Forfeitures  to 
be    reported 


G  S  sec  906 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2171 

Names  of  dis- 
trict   commit- 
tees  and 
teachers   to   be 
reported 


G  S  sec  907 
Rev   1902 
Sac  2172 

Preservation 
of  books  and 
records 

G  S  sec  908 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2173 

Reparts  and 
returns,  how 
sworn  to 

1919  ch   292 

Form    of 
books   to   be 
used    by    town 
officers 


said  fifteenth  of  October,  then  every  town  and  every  school 
district  required  by  law  to  make  separate  returns,  whose  re- 
turns and  statistics  shall  be  negligently  delayed  till  after  that 
day,  shall  forfeit  of  the  sum  per  child  which  is  paid  from  the 
state  treasury  one  per  centum  for  the  first  week  of  such  delay, 
two  per  centum  for  a  delay  of  two  weeks,  three  per  centum 
for  a  delay  of  three  weeks,  five  per  centum  for  a  delay  of 
four  weeks,  and  ten  per  centum  for  a  delay  exceeding  four 
weeks.1 

Sec.  92  The  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education 
shall  annually,  in  January,  give  to  the  comptroller,  in  writing, 
a  list  of  the  towns  and  districts  which  have  incurred  the  for- 
feiture described  in  section  91,  with  the  percentage  of  for- 
feiture in  each  case;  and  the  comptroller,  in  making  payment 
of  school  moneys  aforesaid,  shall  deduct  the  amount  of  money 
which  each  town  or  district  shall  have  forfeited  under  the 
provisions  -of  said  section. 

Sec.  93  The  board  of  school  visitors  of  each"  town  shall 
annually,  in  the  month  of  October,  return  to  the  secretary 
of  the  state  board  of  education,  the  names  and  post  office 
addresses  of  the  district  committee;  and  within  four  weeks 
from  the  beginning  of  each  school  term  the  board  of  school 
visitors  or  the  town  school  committee,  as  the  case  may  be, 
shall  return  the  name  and  post  office  address  of  each  teacher 
employed  in  the  public  schools  within  their  respective  towns. 

Sec.  94  All  school  officers  shall  preserve  all  books  and 
documents  of  permanent  value  pertaining  to  schools  which 
come  into  their  hands  by  virtue  of  their  offices  and  transmit 
them  to  their  successors. 

Sec.  95  All  reports  or  returns  required  to  be  made  by  a 
school  officer  on  oath  or  affirmation  may  be  affirmed  or  sworn 
to  before  any  school  visitor,  member  of  a  town  school  com- 
mittee or  member  of  a  board  of  education. 

Sec.  96  The  treasurer  and  board  of  selectmen,  the  board 
of  scho®l  visitors,  board  of  education  or  town  school  commit- 
tee, as  the  case  may  be,  of  each  town,  during  the  fiscal  year 
beginning  subsequent  to  the  passage  of  this  act,  and  annually 
thereafter,  shall  use  the  form  of  cash  book,  selectmen's  orders 
and  school  orders  prescribed  by  the  state  auditors,  except 


92 


37 

where  the  accounting  system  in  use  in  such  town  can  be 
satisfactorily  shown  to  the  state .  auditors  to  be  sufficiently 
complete  and  include  the  necessary  detail. 

Sec.  97     The  state  auditor  shall  furnish  sample  book  forms   1919  ch  292 
of  cash  book,  selectmen's  orders  and  school  orders,  to  be  used  state  auditors 

.  to   furnish 

for  the  accounting-  system  of  towns,  as  hereinbefore  provided,  sample  book 

forms 

without  expense  to  the  town. 

Sec.  98     Every  such  officer  who  shall  fail  to  comply  with  1919  ch  292 

Penalty 

the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  forfeit  to  the  state  not  less 
than  ten  nor  more  than  twenty-five  dollars. 


CHAPTER  VII 
School  Physicians 

General  Statutes    chapter  49    page  325 

Sec.  99  The  board  of  education,  board  of  school  visitors  G  s?  s™  jjg 
or  district  school  committee  of  each  town,  city  or  district,  of  1915  ch  275 
more  than  ten  thousand  inhabitants,  shall,  and  those  of  less  Appointment 

and  duties  of 


than  ten  thousand  may,  appoint  one  or  more  school  physicians 
and  shall  assign  such  physician  or  physicians  to  the  public 
school  or  schools  within  the  limits  of  such  town,  city  or  dis- 
trict, and  shall  provide  such  physicians  with  proper  facilities 
for  the  performance  of  their  duties  as  prescribed  in  this  chap- 
ter, provided,  in  towns  or  'cities  in  which  the  board  of  health 
is  maintaining  medical  inspection  substantially  as  provided  for 
in  this  chapter,  the  board  of  health  shall  appoint  and  assign 
such  physicians,  and  any  town,  city  or  district  may  transfer 
to  the  board  of  health  or  the  local  health  officer  the  duties 
prescribed  in  this  chapter;  provided,  no  physical  examination 
shall  be  made  of  any  female  child  in  attendance  at  any  public 
school,  unless  such  examination  shall  be  made  by  a  woman 
physician;  or  unless,  after  notice  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of 
such  child  and  a  reasonable  opportunity  to  be  present  at  such 
examination  having  been  given,  such  examination  shall  be 
made  in  the  presence  of  such  parent  or  guardian  or  of  a 
female  nurse  employed  in  such  school. 

Sec.  100     Every  school  physician  so  appointed  shall  make  G  s  sec  910 

f  ;  .,  :  ,.  '    1907  ch  207 

a  prompt  examination  of  all  children  referred  to  him  as  pro- 
vided in  this  chapter,  and  such  further  examination  of  schooi^ 

physician 


G  S  sec  911 
1907  ch  207 

Examination 
and  exclusion 
of  children 


G  S  sec  912 
1907  ch  207 

Annual  exami- 
nation of 
children 


G  S  sec  pi? 
1907  ch  207 
1911  ch  120 

Notice  of 
disease  to  be 
given  parent 
or  guardian 


teachers,  janitors  and  school  buildings  as  in  his  opinion  the 
protection  of  the  health  of  the  pupils  may  require. 

Sec.  101  The  superintendent,  principal  or  teacher  of  any 
school  to  which  a  school  physician  has  been  assigned  as  pro- 
vided in  this  chapter  shall  refer  to  such  physician  every  child 
returning  to  school  without  a  permit  from  the  health  officer 
or  board  of  health,  after  absence  on  account  of  illness  or  from 
unknown  cause,  and  every  child  attending  such  school  who 
appears  to  be  in  ill  health,  or  is  suspected  to  be  sick  with  any 
contagious  or  infectious  disease,  unless  such  child  be  immedi- 
ately excluded  from  such  school  under  the  provisions  of  the 
general  statutes  or  the  sanitary  regulations  in  force  in  said 
town  or  district;  provided,  in  the  case  of  schools  in  remote 
and  isolated  locations  the  school  committee  may  make  such 
other  arrangements  as  may  be  advisable  to  carry  out  the  pur- 
poses of  this  chapter. 

Sec.  102  The  school  authorities  of  any  town  or  school 
district  which  has  appointed  a  school  physician  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  cause  every  child 
attending  the  public  schools  therein  to  be  separately  and  care- 
fully tested  and  examined  at  least  once  in  every  school  year 
to  ascertain  whether  such  child  is  suffering  from  defective 
sight  or  hearing,  or  from  any  other  physical  disability  tending 
to  prevent  such  child  from  receiving  the  full  benefit  of  school 
work,  or  requiring  a  modification  of  such  school  work  in  order 
to  prevent  injury  to  the  child  or  to  secure  the  best  educational 
results. 

Sec.  103  Notice  of  the  disease  or  defects,  if  any,  from 
which  any  child  is  found  by  such  school  physician  to  be  suffer- 
ing shall  be  given  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  such  child 
with  such  advice  or  order  relating  thereto  as  said  physician 
may  deem  advisable,  and  such  parent  or  guardian  shall  cause 
such  child  to  be  treated  by  a  reputable  physician  for  such 
disease  or  defects;  and  whenever  any  child  shows  symptoms 
of  any  contagious  or  infectious  disease  notice  shall  also  be  given 
to  the  health  officer  or  board  of  health  and  such  child  shall  be 
excluded  from  attendance  at  such  school  and  not  permitted  to 
return  without  a  permit  from  the  town,  city  or  borough  health 
officer. 


39 
Sec.  104     Whenever  the  board  of  school  visitors,  board  ^  s  se<-  $** 

lyu/   en   zUV 

of  education  or  town  •  school  committee  of  any  town,  or  the    .      .  . 

*  Appointment 

board  of  education  or  district  committee  of  any  school  district,  J*,r™atron  or 
shall  have  appointed  a  school  physician  as  provided  in  this 
chapter,  said  board  or  committee  may  also  appoint  a  matron  or 
nurse  who  shall  take  such  action,  under  the  direction  of  the 
school  physician,  as  may  be  necessary  for  safeguarding  the 
health  of  the  pupils  and  teachers  of  the  schools.  Such  matron 
or  nurse  shall  also  act,  under  the  direction  of  the  school  physi- 
cian, as  a  visiting  nurse  in  the  town  or  school  district,  shall 
visit  the  homes  of  pupils  in  the  public  schools  and  shall  assist 
in  executing  the  orders  of  the  school  physician. 

Sec.  105     The  expenses  incurred  under  the  provisions  of  f90-f  JJ^o1/ 
this  chapter  shall  be  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  are  the  ordi-  Expenses 
nary  expenses  for  the  support  of  schools  in  the  several  towns  How  paid 
and  school  districts. 

Sec.  1 06  Any  town  school  committee,  board  of  school  1919  ch  293 
visitors  or  board  of  education  may  employ  a  dental  hygienist  Employment 
to  cleanse  and  keep  clean  the  teeth  of  school  children  in  gienists  in 

schools 

attendance  at  the  public  schools  in  such  town  or  district  and  authorized 
the  authority  therein  authorized  to  appropriate  money  for  the 
support  of  such  schools  in  the  town  or  district  wherein  such 
hygienist  shall  have  been  employed,  may  make  such  appro- 
priation as  may  be  necessary  for  such  purpose. 

CHAPTER  VHP 
School  Districts 

General  Statutes    chapter  50    page  327 

Sec.  107     In   the   absence   of   a   special   appointment  the  ^  {e9cQ£l6 
committee  of  a  school  district  shall  be  the  agent  ex  officio  of  Sec  2174 
said  district.  £iSoT 

officio  agent 

Sec.  1 08     Whenever  any  school  district  which  has  or  shall  f  s  sec  917 

J  ^  f          1905   ch    137 

hereafter  become  indebted  by  judgment  for  indebtedness  in-  19°7  ch  so 
curred  by  such  district  shall  be  located  in  two  or  more  towns,  Payment  of 

'    debts  of  joint 
1  Towns  to  which  this  chapter  is  applicable: —  Bristol  —  Colchester  —  Farming-    school  districts 

ton   —   Griswold  —   Groton   —   Hartford  —   Manchester   —   Middletown   —    (see 

page   26) — Orange — (see   page   211) — Waterbury 

§  107      District    committee    not    within    provisions    of    law    regulating    contracts 

with    public    institutions    by    their    officers      85    C    32      All    members    have    equal 

authority     71    C   737 


40 

the  committee  of  such  school  district,  or,  if  there  be  no  dis- 
trict committee  for  said  district,  the  selectmen  of  the  town  in 
which  the  schoolhouse  in  such  district  is  located,  shall  cause  a 
tax  sufficient  to  pay  such  indebtedness  as  shall  be  presented 
or  exhibited  to  said  committee  or  selectmen,  as  the  case  may 
be,  by  the  judgment  creditor  or  creditors,  including  the  cost 
of  levying  and  collecting  such  tax,  to  be  laid,  upon  and  accord- 
ing to  the  levies  or  assessment  lists  of  said  towns  last  before 
completed,  on  the  district  in  the  manner  provided  by  law  for 
school  district  taxes,  except  that,  when  there  is  no  district 
committee  for  said  district,  the  selectmen  of  said  town  where- 
in the  schoolhouse  is  located  shall  perform  the  duties  required 
by  law  of  the  district  committee  therein,  and  the  tax  collector 
of  said  town  shall  perform  the  duties  of  tax  collector  of  said 
district.  Said  tax  shall  be  collected  and  paid  to  said  judgment 
creditor  or  creditors,  and  to  the  persons  entitled  to  fees  and 
compensation  for  levying  and  collecting  said  tax.  Whenever 
either  of  the  towns  in  which  such  school  district  is  located 
shall  vote  to  consolidate  its  school  districts  and  bring  the  same 
under  town  management,  and  shall  subsequently  vote  to  re- 
turn to  the  district  system,  then  such  school  district  shall  be, 
in  law,  the  same  school  district  as  existed  prior  to  said  vote 
of  consolidation  of  districts  and  liable  for  the  indebtedness  of 
said  district  as  then  existing. 

Rev  1902918  Sec.  109     xEach   town,   unless    otherwise    provided,    shall 

have  power  to  form,  unite,  alter  and  dissolve  school  districts 

Sdmlite?a-       and  parts  of  school   districts  within   its  limits;   and  two   or 

districts  sch°o1   more  towns  may  form  school  districts  of  adjoining  portions 

of  their  respective  towns. 

§  109  Name  of  school  district  fixed  by  the  inhabitants  13  C  234  School 
districts,  for  educational  purposes,  are  component  parts  of  towns  or  societies 
15  C  335  Power  of  town  how  affected  by  appeal  to  and  decree  by  the  superior 
court  54  C  52;  55  C  245  246  Limits  of  school  district  formed  by  annexation 
may  be  shown  otherwise  than  by  record  evidence  54  C  76  77  Scope  of  section 
73  C  169;  78  C  73 

1  In  reviewing  the  action  talcen  by  a  town  in  respect  to  uniting  or  dissolving 
its  school  districts,  the  superior  court  is  invested  by  statute  with  the  same 
powers  that  the  town  itself  had  (Gen  Stat  §§  918  924),  and  therefore  the 
question  whether  such  action  shall  be  modified  or  reversed  is  essentially  one  of 
fact  addressed  to  the  sound  discretion  of  that  court  78  Conn  71 

In  the  present  case  the  trial  court,  although  apparently  of  the  opinion  that 
the  educational  interests  of  the  two  school  districts  involved  would  be  best  sub- 
served by  consolidation,  provided  a v  primary  school  was  permanently  maintained 
in  one  of  them,  nevertheless  declined  to  reverse  or  modify  the  action  of  the 
town,  which  was  in  favor  of  separate  districts  Held  that  the  record  failed  to 
disclose  any  abuse  of  the  court's  discretion,  or  any  error  in  matters  of  law  Ib 


41 

Sec.  no     Whenever  a  school  district  is  formed  from  parts  ^^  £*<•  9*9 
of  two  or  more  towns,  either  of  said  towns,  unless  otherwise  Sec  2175 
provided,   may   divide   such   district  by   uniting  the   portions  districts 
lying  in  said  town  with  any  adjoining  district  therein.  parts6 of °towns 

Sec.  in  Every  school  district  shall  be  a  body  corporate,  G  s  sec  920 
and  shall  have  power  to  sue  and  be  sued,  to  purchase,  receive,  sST  2177 
hold  and  convey  real  and  personal  property  for  school  pur- 
poses; to  build,  purchase,  hire  and  repair  schoolhouses,  and  scho'oFdistricts 
supply  them  with  fuel,  furniture  and  other  appendages  and 
accommodations;  to  establish  schools  of  different  grades;  to 
purchase  globes,  maps,  blackboards  and  other  school  apparatus ; 
to  establish  and  maintain  a  school  library  ;J  to  employ  teachers, 
except  for  such  time  as  the  town  may  direct  the  school  visitors 
to  employ  the  teachers,2  and,  when  a  board  of  school  visitors 
shall  appoint  a  superintendent  under  the  provisions  of  section 
84  such  superintendent  with  the  approval  of  said  board  of 
school  visitors  shall  employ  the  teachers  who  shall  be  paid  by 
the  selectmen;  to  pay  the  wages  of  such  teachers  as  are  em- 
ployed by  the  district  committee  in  conformity  to  law;3  to  lay 
taxes  and  borrow  money  for  the  foregoing  purposes;  and  to 
make  agreements  and  regulations  for  establishing  and  con- 
ducting schools,  not  inconsistent  with  the  regulations  of  the 
town  having  jurisdiction  of  the  schools  in  such  district. 

1  Chapter  xiii     page   76 

2  §  §  38  202 

8  §  §  182     201     202     203 

Sec  111  A  schoolhouse  is  not  an  outhouse  within  the  meaning  of  the  statute 
relating  to  burglarious  entrance  of  outhouse  10  C  144,  145  Every  inhabitant 
of  a  school  district  is  a  party  to  a  suit  brought  against  it  and  his  property  may 
be  taken  on  an  execution  issued  against  it  10  C  395  See  26  C  527  A  vote 
laying  a  tax  is  sufficiently  definite  if  it  is  reasonably  clear  that  the  tax  was 
imposed  for  legitimate  purposes  12  C  437-439  Districts  may  sue  by  the  name 
by  which  they  are  generally  known  13  C  227  What  is  sufficient  warning  of 
meeting  of  school  district  13  C  234  The  records  of  a  school  district  are  evidence 
of  its  votes  in  a  suit  to  which  it  is  a  party  13  C  235  The  votes  and  proceedings 
of  school  districts,  if  within  their  jurisdiction,  will  be  liberally  construed  15  C 
332,  454  The  character  and  cost  of  school  buildings,  within  broad  limits,  is  left 
to  the  school  district;  courts  will  not  interfere  with  this  discretion  except  in  clear  • 
cases  of  abuse  25  C  227;  63  C  131  Extent  of  discretionary  power  of  school 
district  illustrated  25  C  227;  228  Schoolhouse  may  not  be  used  for  religious 
purposes  against  objection  of  taxpayer,  and  injunction  will  lie  against  such  use 
27  C  503-505;  see  Sec  954  A  school  district  has  all  necessary  power  to  establish 
and  maintain  a  school  within  its  limits  33  C  304  District  committee  must  obey 
the  vote  of  the  district  as  to  rooms  and  teachers;  the  committee's  authority 
is  contingent  on  the  district  failing  to  act  33  C  304  A  debt  owed  by  a  school 
district  may  be  taken  by  foreign  attachment  53  C  509  Status  of  teacher  as  to 
district  defined  Ib  School  districts  are  limited  in  power  to  raise  and  expend 
money  for  the  sole  purposes  set  forth  in  the  statute  60  C  234,  235  Nature  of 
school  district  73  C  170;  85  C  33  Right  to  build  sewer  and  liability  for 
neglect  72  C  564 


G  S  sec  921 
Rev  1902 
Sec    2178 

Record  of 
names  and 
bounds 

G  S  sec  922 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2179 

Settlement  ^  of 
boundary  lines 


G  S  sec  923 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2180 

Notice   of 
proposal  to 
alter    school 
district 


G  S  sec  924 

Rev    1902 
Sec  2181 

Appeals    by 

district 

aggrieved 


Sec.  112  The  name,  number  and  limits  of  every  school 
district  shall  be  entered  on  its  records  and  on  the  records  of 
the  town  or  towns  to  which  it  belongs. 

Sec.  113  When  the  boundary  lines  of  any  district  are 
not  clearly  settled  and  defined,  the  selectmen  of  the  town  in 
which  it  is  situated  shall  settle  and  define  the  same ;  they  shall 
also  settle  and  define  the  boundary  lines  of  any  new  district; 
when  said  selectmen  cannot  agree  in  settling  and  defining  said 
lines,  the  town  to  which  said  district  belongs  may  appoint 
three  indifferent  persons  for  that  purpose,  who  shall  have  the 
same  authority  therein  as  is  herein  conferred  upon  said  select- 
men; and  when  parts  of  such  districts  lie  in  two  or  more 
towns,  the  selectmen  of  the  towns  in  which  any  part  is 
situated,  or,  in  case  of  disagreement,  three  indifferent  persons 
appointed  by  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  on  application  by 
either  town  and  notice  to  the  other,  shall  settle  and  define  the 
boundary  lines  of  such  part. 

Sec.  114  When  it  is  proposed  to  form,  alter,  unite  or  dis- 
solve any  school  district  or  districts,  notice  that  such  change  is 
proposed  shall  be  posted  on  the  schoolhouse  in  each  school 
district  to  be  affected,  or,  if  there  be  no  schoolhouse  in  any  of 
such  school  districts,  at  the  usual  place  for  posting  warnings 
for  meetings  of  such  districts,  and  printed  in  a  newspaper  or 
newspapers  published  in  the  town  to  which  such  districts  or 
any  one  of  them  may  belong,  if  any  there  be;  and  a  copy  of 
such  notice  shall  be  left  with  the  clerk  of  each  of  said  dis- 
tricts at  least  fifteen  days  before  the  town  is  called  to  act  upon 
the  proposition. 

Sec.  115  When  application  shall  be  made  to  a  town  to 
form,  alter  or  dissolve  a  school  district  or  to  unite  two  or 
more  school  districts,  any  district  aggrieved  by  the  action  or 
neglect  of  action  of  the  town  may  appeal  from  such  action  or 
neglect  'of  action  to  the  superior  court  in  the  county  in  which 
such  town  is  situated,  within  one  year  next  after  such  action 

Sec  112     Statute   is   directory   and   may  be    enforced   by   mandamus      52    C    48 

Sec  114     Object    of    statute    is    to    give    more    extended    notice    than    by    the 

ordinary    warning      52    C    46      Form    of    notice    not    essential;    not    necessary    to 

state  the  business  in  detail     52  C  46;   55   C  246     The  provisions  de  notice  do  not 

apply  to   proposed  vote   of  a  town   to  assume   control   of  schools      73    C   170 

Sec  115     Legal  existence  and  limits   of  district  may  be   shown  by  prescription 
54  C  79     Power  of  court     55  C  246;  78  C  74 


43 

or  neglect,  by  an  application  containing  a  brief  statement  that 
such  an  appeal  is  taken,  by  whom  and  from  what,  signed  by  the 
agent  of  the  appellant;  to  which  shall  be  annexed  a  citation 
signed  by  the  proper  authority,  notifying  the  appellees  to 
appear  at  the  court  to  which  such  appeal  is  taken.  Service 
thereof  shall  be  made  by  some  proper  officer  by  leaving  a  true 
and  attested  copy  of  such  appeal  and  citation  with  the  town 
clerk  and  with  the  clerk  or  one  of  the  district  committee  of 
any  other  district  interested  at  least  twelve  days  before  the 
session  of  the  court. 

Sec.  116     Said  court  shall  have  the  same  powers  to  act  G  s  sec  925 

Rev    1902 

upon  said  application  that  said  town  had  and  may  appoint  a  Sec  2132 
committee  to  report  the  facts  and  its  opinion  thereon  and  the  Proceedings 

on   appeal 

final  decree  of  the  court  shall  be  recorded  in  the  records  of 
said  town;  and  said  court  may  allow  and  tax  costs  at  its 
discretion,  including  fees  for  surveys,  copies  and  recording 
decree.  Unless  the  town  shall  thereafter  abolish  all  the  school 
districts  and  parts  of  districts  within  its  limits  no  alteration 
of  the  lines  fixed  by  such  decree  shall  be  made,  except  by  the  . 
superior  court  of  such  county;  which  shall  have  original  juris- 
diction of  an  application  for  the  purpose  made  by  any  district 
interested. 

Sec.  117     When  any  district  shall  be  consolidated,  the  new  g  s  f^,,9*6 

J  Rev    1902 

district  shall  own  all  the  property  of  the  several  districts;  and   Sec   2183 
when  a  district  shall  be  divided  its  property,  or  the  income   Disposition 

^  J  '  of    property 

and  proceeds  thereof,  shall  be  distributed  among  the  several  on  Alteration 
parts  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  persons  between  four 
and  sixteen  years  of  age  in  each. 

Sec.  118     When  any  school  district  has  been  or  shall  be  gej  f  J^7 
divided  into  two  or  more  districts,  and  the  said  districts  can-  Sec  2184 
not  agree  upon  the  distribution  of  the  property  and  assets  of  {Jjjl?6*  **" 
said  districts  between  the  districts,  or  cannot  agree  upon  the  *y  an<*  debts 
proportion  that  each  district  shall  pay  of  the  debts  of  the  dis- 
trict owing  at  the  time  of  the  division,  either  of  said  districts 
may  bring  its  complaint  to  the  superior  court  in  the  county  in 

Sec  116  Decree  of  court  annulling  action  of  the  town  is  not  such  a  fixing 
of  lines  as  would  preclude  further  action  by  the  town  54  C  52  The  statute 
should  be  liberally  construed  54  C  53  Court  is  not  limited  to  affirming  or 
reversing  action  of  the  town;  the  application  may  be  allowed  in  part  55  C  246 
Authority  of  court  to  act  is  limited  only  by  the  preliminary  notice  and  the 
warning  of  the  town  meeting  Ib 


44 


G  S  Sec  928 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2185 

Powers     of 
superior    court 


G  S  Sec  929 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2186 

Associations 
formed     under 
act    of    1841 


G  S  Sec  930 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2187 

Control   of 
districts 
formed    from 
parts     of 
towns 


G  S  Sec  931 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2188 

Annual    and 
special    meet- 
ings 


G  S  Sec  932 
Rev    1902 
Sec  2189 

District 
meetings 
Where    held 


which  either  of  said  districts  is  located,  praying  for  such  re- 
lief as  it  claims  it  is  entitled  to. 

Sec.  119  Such  complaint  shall  state  the  facts  upon  which 
the  plaintiff  claims  relief,  and  shall  be  served  upon  the  respond- 
ent district  as  in  civil  actions,  and  said  court  may  distribute 
the  property  and  assets  between  the  districts  or  set  the  entire 
property  and  assets  to  one  district  as  it  shall  find  for  the  best 
interests  of  the  district;  and  in  case  the  property  and  assets 
are  set  to  one  of  said  districts,  shall  find  and  decree  the  sum 
of  money  that  such  district  so  receiving  said  property  shall 
pay  to  the  other  district.  Said  court  shall  find  and  decree  the 
proportion '  that  each  district  shall  pay  of  the  debts  and  lia- 
bilities outstanding  at  the  time  of  the  division. 

Sec.  120  All  associations  under  the  act  of  1841,  allow- 
ing any  two  or  more  adjoining  school  districts  to  associate 
together  and  form  a  union  district,  entered  into  before  the 
repeal  of  said  act,  shall,  except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law, 
continue  to  be  managed  according  to  the  provisions  of  said 
act,  unless  the  town  shall  abolish  or  consolidate  all  the  school 
districts  within  its  limits.1 

Sec.  121  The  schools  in  every  school  district  formed  from 
parts  of  two  or  more  towns  shall,  except  as  otherwise  pro- 
vided by  law,  be  under  the  charge  and  direction  of  the  town 
in  which  the  schoolhouse  is  situated,  unless  the  towns  shall 
otherwise  agree.2 

Sec.  122  Every  school  district  shall  hold  an  annual  meet- 
ing in  the  month  of  June,  for  the  choice  of  officers,  and  for 
the  transaction  of  any  other  business  relating  to  schools,  and 
shall  hold  a  special  meeting  when  the  same  shall  be  duly 
called. 

Sec.  123  District  meetings  shall  be  held  at  the  district 
schoolhouse;  but  if  there  be  no  suitable  schoolhouse  the  com- 
mittee, if  there  be  one,  otherwise  the  clerk,  and  if  there  be 
no  committee  or  clerk,  the  selectmen  of  the  town  to  which  said 
district  belongs,  shall  determine  the  place  of  meeting,  which 
shall  in  all  cases  be  within  the  district. 

1  Chapter   ix     page   51 

2  §  §  90  245 

Sec  123  Meeting  should  be  opened  within  a  reasonable  time  after  the  hour 
specified;  what  is  such  reasonable  time  13  C  234  Meeting  presumed  to  have 
been  legally. held  pursuant  to  the  warning  Ib  Record  of  meeting  is  admissible 
to  show  vote  of  district  13  C  235;  but  see  44  C  160 


45 

Sec.  124  Notice  of  the  time,  place  and  object  of  every  ^  S]90233 
-meeting  of  the  district  shall  be  given  at  least  five  days  previous  f|o7>2ch°i38 
to  holding  it,  including  the  day  the  notice  is  given,  but  not  Notice  of 
including  the  day  of  holding  said  meeting.  The  committee.  f^rict  raeet" 
or,  if  there  be  no  such  committee,  the  clerk,  or,  if  there  be  no 
committee  or  clerk,  the  selectmen  of  the  town,  shall  give  notice 
of  a  district  meeting  by  publishing  the  same  in  a  newspaper 
published  in  the  district  or  having  a  circulation  therein  and  by 
posting  a  notice  on  the  schoolhouse,  if  any  there  be,  or  on  the 
signposts,  if  any  there  be,  in  the  district,  unless  some  other 
mode  shall  have  been  previously  designated  by  the  district, 
in  which  case  notice  in  such  mode  may  be  substituted  for  such 
posting;  provided,  the  committee  of  any  district  having  an 
enumeration  of  less  than  one  hundred  may,  on  giving  notice 
by  posting  as  hereinbefore  provided,  or,  on  giving  notice  in 
some  other  mode  previously  designated  by  the  district,  in  its 
•discretion,  omit  the  notice^  by  publication  in  a  newspaper. 
The  person  or  persons  giving  such  notice  shall,  on  the  day  of 
giving  it,  leave  a  duplicate  of  such  notice  with  the  clerk  of 
'the  district,  or,  if  there  be  no  clerk,  with  the  selectmen,  to  be 
•delivered  to  the  clerk  when  appointed,  who  shall  preserve  the 
same  on  file.  « 

Sec.  125     In   any   school   district,   wherein   the   terms   of  ch  177 
•office  of  less  than  a  majority  of  the  committee  empire  in  any  Annual 
one  year,  the  committee  of  such  district  may  call  the  annual  ™rmsnofw 
meeting  of  the  district  at  such  date,  between  June  first  and  BcSotf  co% 
July  fourteenth,  as  to  the  committee  may  seem  desirable.  5?  any  one" 

year 

Sec.  126     The  legal  voters  of  a  school  district  shall  con-  G  s   Sec  m 
sist  only  of  the  legal  voters  of  the  town  or  towns  in  which   $*c  2191 
said  district  is  situated  who  have  resided  in  said  school  dis-  Lesal  voters 

.  of  school 

trict  for  the  period  of  four  months  next  preceding.  district 

See  Sees 
256  and  575 
of  G   S 

or  Sees  388 
and  392   of 

Sec  124  A  warning  which  fairly  sets  forth  the  purposes  of  the  meeting,  held  JuJn 
•sufficient  13  C  234;  15  C  332:  52  C  46;  55  C  246  Posting  warning  on  one 
signpost  in  the  district  held  sufficient  15  C  332  What  notice  would  be  sufficient 
44  C  159;  53  C  578;  60  C  168  Where  original  vote  was  illegal,  a  vote  not 
to  rescind  at  a  later  meeting  does  not  validate  original  vote  53  C  579;  but 
see  52  C  49  Provision  that  copy  be  left  with  clerk  is  directory,  not  mandatory 
-83  C  229  See  note  to  Sec  264 


G  S   Sec  935 
Rev    1902 
Sec    2192 

What  paupers 
may  vote  in 
school  meet- 
ings 


G   S  Sec  936 
Rev    1902 
Sec    2193 

Conduct     of 
meetings; 
registry    list 


G  S   Sec  937 
Rev    1902 
Sec    2194 

Vote    by- 
ballot,   now 
ordered  and 
taken 


Sec.  127  No  inmate  of  the  almshouse  of  any  town,  other 
than  the  officers  and  employees  of  the  town  residing  therein, 
shall  vote  at  any  school  meeting  of  the  district  wherein  such 
almshouse  is  situated,  unless  a  resident  of  such  district  at  the 
time  of  his  becoming  such  inmate. 

Sec.  128  In  every  school  district  whose  limits  are  the 
same  as  the  limits  of  the  town  in  which  it  is  situated,  the  town 
registry  list  shall  be  the  registry  list  for  school  purposes,  and  in 
every  other  school  district  enumerating  four  hundred  or  more 
children,  as  returned  to  the  comptroller,  the  registrars  of  voters 
of  the  town  in  which  the  schoolhouse  of  said  district  is  situated 
shall  have  the  same  powers  in  reference  to  voting  lists,  appoint- 
ing moderators  and  box  tenders  of  school  district  meetings, 
as  they  now  have  in  the  election  of  town,  city  or  ward  officers ; 
and  said  registrars  of  voters  shall,  upon  the  written  request 
of  twenty  or  more  legal  voters  of  said  school  district  deposited 
with  either  of  said  registrars  of  voters  at  least  twenty  days 
before  the  annual  meeting  of  said  district,  perpare  and  com- 
plete a  correct  list  of  all  the  legal  voters  of  said  school  district, 
and  lodge  the  same  with  the  clerk  of  said  district  at  least  five 
days  before  said  annual  meeting;  and  in  every  other  school 
district  the  clerk  of  said  district  shall,  upon  the  written  re- 
quest of  twenty  or  more  legal  voters  of  such  district,  lodged 
with  said  clerk  at  least  twenty  days  before  the  annual  meet- 
ing of  said  district,  prepare  the  check  list  of  the  legal  voters 
of  said  district,  to  be  used  at  any  meeting  for  the  election  of 
officers  in  said  district  or  for  the  taking  of  any  vote  by  ballot 
which  may  be  requested  by  one-third  of  the  legal  voters  present 
at  any  meeting  of  the  school  district;  said  clerk  shall  add  to 
said  list  the  name  of  any  legal  voter  omitted,  and  erase  there- 
from the  name  of  any  person  improperly  entered  thereon,  and 
for  this  purpose  he  shall  have  all  the  powers  within  said  dis- 
trict which  the  registrars  of  voters  have  in  their  respective 
towns. 

Sec.  129  Whenever  one-third  of  the  legal  voters  present 
at  any  meeting  of  a  school  district  having  such  registration 
shall  request  that  any  vote  or  votes  upon  any  question  pending 
before  such  meeting  shall  be  taken  by  ballot  and  check  list 
of  the  legal  voters  of  said  district  the  chairman  of  such  meet- 
ing shall  cause  said  vote  or  votes  to  be  so  taken,  and  if  said 


47 

vote  or  votes  cannot  be  then  and  there  conveniently  and 
properly  taken,  he  shall  upon  the  like  request  of  said  one-third 
of  the  legal  voters  present  adjourn  said  meeting  to  the  usual 
polling  place  or  places  in  said  district,  if  there  be  any,  and,  if 
there  be  none,  then  to  the  most  suitable  and  convenient  place 
or  places  in  said  district,  at  such  time  within  one  week  there- 
after as  he  may  designate,  when  and  where  said  vote  or  votes 
shall  be  taken  between  the  hours  of  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning 
and  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  the  result  shall  be  ascer- 
tained and  declared  by  said  chairman,  and  recorded  by  the 
clerk  upon  the  records  of  said  district. 

Sec.  130     Upon  the  written   request  of  twenty   or  more  Rev    1902 
legal  voters   of  any  school  district  having  such   registration  Sec  2195 

Special   meet- 

to  the  committee  to  call  a  special  meeting  to  vote  by  ballot  ings 
and  check  list  upon  any  resolutions  appended  to  such  request, 
said  committee  shall  call  such  meeting  within  three  weeks 
thereafter,  at  some  suitable  time  and  place  in  such  district, 
to  be  particularly  stated  in  the  call,  when  and  where  said  vote 
or  votes  shall  be  taken,  and  the  result  ascertained,  declared 
and  recorded  in  the  manner  provided  in  section  129.  Upon 
like  request,  the  committee  of  any  school  district  having  such 
registration  shall,  cause  all  elections -of  officers  of  such  district 
to  be  had  by  ballot  and  check  list. 

Sec.  131     The  compensation  of  each  of  said  registrars  of  Rev    1902 
voters,  or  of  said  district  clerks  for  preparing  said  lists  shall 

i_i  i-  i  -1-11  •  Compensa- 

be  the  same  per  diem  as  that  paid  by  the  town  in  which  said  tion  for 

j.  .  -  .  .          preparing  lists 

district  is  situated  to  said  registrars  of  voters,  for  preparing 
the  voting  lists  used  at  state,  town,  city  or  ward  elections,  and 
shall  be  paid  by  the  treasurer  of  the  school  district  for  which 
such  list  is  prepared. 

Sec.  132     Every  meeting  may  choose  its  own  moderator  Rev  S\9$° 
and  may  adjourn  from  time  to  time  to  meet  at  the  same  or  Sec  219 
some  other  place  in  the  district.    Every  person  who  shall  vote  inle§!stricttmg 
illegally  in  any  school  district  meeting  shall  be  fined  not  more  n 
than  thirty  dollars.1 


'Sec     126 


48 


G  S  Sec  941 
Rev    1902 
Sec    2198 

Committee 
and  other 
officers  of 
district 


G  S  Sec  942 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2199 

Committee 
districts 
having  two 
hundred 
children 


in 


Sec.  133  Each  school  district,  unless  otherwise  provided 
by  law,  shall  choose  by  ballot,  at  the  annual  meeting,1  a  com- 
mittee2 of  not  more  than  three  persons,  a  clerk,  who  shall  be 
sworn,3  a  treasurer  and  a  collector,4  who  shall  hold  their 
respective  offices  for  the  period  of  one  year  from  the  fifteenth 
day  of  July  next  succeeding,  and  until  others  are  chosen  and 
qualified ;  and  any  resident  of  the  district  so  chosen  who  shall 
refuse  or  neglect  to  perform  the  duties  of  the  office,  shall  pay 
five  dollars  to  said  district;  but  any  new  district  may  at  its 
first  or  at  any  subsequent  meeting,  called  by  the  selectmen  of 
the  town,  choose  its  officers  who  shall  hold  office  until  the 
annual  meeting  of  such  district.  The  members  of  the  district 
committee  shall  be  residents  of  the  district;  but  the  other 
offices  may  be  filled  by  any  inhabitants  of  the  town  to  which 
said  district  belongs. 

Sec.  134  Any  school  district  having  by  its  last  enumer- 
ation not  less  than  two  hundred  children  between  four  and 
sixteen  years  of  age,  may,  at  any  annual  meeting,  due 
notice  being  inserted  in  the  call  therefor,  order  that  its 
committee  shall  consist  of  three  persons  chosen  by  ballot, 
divided  into  three  classes  holding  office  for  one,  two  and  three 
years,  and  that  annually  thereafter  one  member  shall  be 
chosen  by  ballot,  to  hold  office  for  three  years.  Should  a 
vacancy  occur  the  remaining  members  of  the  committee  may 
fill  it  until  the  next  annual  district  meeting,  when  all  vacancies 
shall  be  filled.  Whenever  a  district  has  appointed  its  commit- 
tee as  herein  provided  such  district  may,  at  any  special  meeting 
called  for  the  purpose,  vote  that  it  will  no  longer  so  appoint 
its  committee ;  thereupon  the  terms  of  office  of  all  the  members 
of  its  committee  shall  end  at  its  next  annual  meeting"  and  there- 
after its  committee  shall  be  appointed  according  to  the  pro- 
visions of  section  133. 

Sec  133  Majority  of  ballots  cast  is  requisite  for  election  of  any  ef  the  officers 
42  C  34  An  adjourned  meeting  may  hold  an  election  of  officers  Ib  Former 
officer  holds  over  until  a  legal  election  of  his  successor  42  C  35 

1  Sec     122     2  Chapter  xi      page   71 

3  Form     of     oath       You     solemnly     swear     that     you     will     faithfully     discharge 
according  to  law  your  duties  as  clerk  of  the  district  to  the  best  of  your  ability; 
so  help  you  God     Gen  Stat  §  2201 

The  clerk  need  not  take  the  oath  of  office  immediately  after  his  election,  or 
before  taking  the  minutes  of  the  proceedings  of  a  district  meeting;  provided  he 
takes  it  before  he  performs  any  regular  official  act,  such  as  making  or  sanc- 
tioning a  formal  record  15  Conn  333  What  are  the  official  acts  of  the 
clerk  Ib 

4  Gen  Stat  Sec  1278 


49 

Sec.  135.     In  the  election  of  officers  of  a  school  district  a  ^  s{g$3 
majority  of  the  votes  cast  shall  be  required  to  elect,  unless  Sec  220° 

1  •  i  -j    j  Majority   to 

otherwise  expressly  provided.  elect 

Sec.  136     The  clerk  of  every  school  district  shall,  within  ^  f9e£2944 

thirty  days  after  the  election  of  officers  in  such  district,  for-  Sec  2201 

ward  to  the  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  Certificate  of 

*  election    ot 

town  wherein  said  school  district  is  located,  a  certified  list  of  °fficers 
the  officers  elected  at  such  meeting  together  with  the  postoffice 
address  of  each.  If  a  district  is  situated  partly  in  two  or  more 
towns  such  list  shall  be  sent  to  the  secretary  of  the  board  of 
school  visitors  of  each  of  said  towns.  Every  clerk  who  shall 
fail  to  comply  with  any  provision  of  this  section  shall  be  fined 
not  more  than  ten  dollars. 

Sec.  137     If  a  district  at  the  time  for  the  annual  meeting  G  s  Sec  945 
shall  fail  to  appoint  all,  or  any,  of  its  officers,  or  if  a  vacancy  Sec     2202 
shall  occur,  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  to  which  such  dis-  Vacancies, 
trict  belongs  shall  make  such  appointment  and  fill  such  vacancy ; 
and  shall  lodge  the  names  of  the  officers,  so  appointed,  with 
the  district  clerk.     This  section  shall  not  apply  to  vacancies 
occurring  under  the  provisions  of  section  134. 

Sec.  138     The   clerk,1    treasurer2    and   collector3    of   each  ge^  f^/^ 
school  district  shall  exercise  the  same  powers  and  perform  the  Sec  2203 
same  duties,  in  their  respective  districts,  as  the  clerks,  treas-   0^*^rssof 
urers  and  collectors  of  towns  do  in  their  respective  towns. 

Sec.  139     Any  district  may  require  the  treasurer  and  col-  ge£  i/fa947 
lector  respectively  to  give  bonds  to  the  district,  to  the  approval  Sec  2204 
of  the  district  committee,   for  the   faithful  discharge  of  the  ^eon^es  ^ed 
duties  of  their  respective  offices,  before  assuming  such  duties. 

Sec.  140     All  records  and  papers  relating  to  or  affecting  ^  f$2948 
the  interest  of  any  school  district  shall  at  all  times  be  open  to  Sec  220S 
the  inspection  and  examination  of  any  person  liable  to  pay  Raece°rrsdstoabe 
taxes  in  said  district.    Every  clerk  of  a  school  district  wilfully 
concealing,  refusing  or  neglecting  to  furnish  reasonable  access 

Sec  135  A  plurality  vote  taken  by  ballot  is  sufficient  to  elect  the  committee 
of  a  school  district  even  if  they  be  afterward  declared  elected  by  a  viva  voce 
major  vote  42  Conn  34 

Sec  138  The  records  of  a  school  district  are  legal  evidence  of  its  proceedings 
in  a  suit  to  which  it  is  a  party  13  C  235;  but  see  44  C  160  The  clerk  should 
take  the  oath  of  office  before  performing  any  regular  official  act  15  C  333  What 
are  official  acts  of  the  clerk  Ib 

1  Gen     Stat     Sec     311      2  Gen      Stat     Sec      342 

8  Gen    Stat     Sec     1278 


G  S  Sec  949 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2206 

Neglect   of 
district  to 
maintain 
school 


G  S  Sec  950 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2207 

Every    dis- 
trict must 
have  a  school- 
house 

G  S  Sec  951 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2208 

Erection  of 
schoolhouse 


G  S  Sec  952 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2209 

Site  of 
schoolhouse, 
how  fixed 


to  any  such  records  or  papers,  or  giving  false  or  incorrect  in- 
formation as  to  the  same,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty- 
five  dollars. 

Sec.  141  In  case  of  the  refusal  or  neglect  by  a  district 
to  employ  a  teacher  and  keep  open  a  school  during  the  usual 
portion  of  the  year,  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  having 
jurisdiction  over  such  district  may  employ  teachers,  and  keep 
open  a  public  school  in  the  schoolhouse  of  said  district  for  the 
period  for  which  the  town  would  be  obliged  during  that  school 
year  to  maintain  a  school  in  such  district  j1  but  the  whole  ex- 
pense of  a  school  thus  opened  shall  be  paid  by  the  town  on  the 
order  of  the  selectmen,  upon  their  receiving  a  certificate  of 
the  amount  thereof  from  the  school  visitors ;  and,  in  any  such 
case,  the  town  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  the  same  payments 
from  the  state  as  if  such  school  had  been  kept  open  by  such 
district  in  the  usual  manner. 

Sec.  142  No  district  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  any  money 
from  the  state,  or  town,  unless  it  has  a  schoolhouse  and  out- 
buildings, satisfactory  to  the  board  of  school  visitors.2 

Sec.  143  No  new  district  schoolhouse  shall  be  built  ex- 
cept according  to  a  plan  approved  by  the  board  of  school 
visitors  and  by  the  building  committee  of  such  district;  nor 
at  an  expense  exceeding  the  sum  which  the  district  may  appro- 
priate therefor. 

Sec.  144  Any  school  district,  by  a  vote  of  two- thirds  of 
those  present  and  voting  at  a  legally  warned  meeting  of  the 
district,  may  fix  or  change  the  site  of  a  schoolhouse;  but  if 
such  two-thirds  vote  cannot  be  obtained  in  favor  of  any  site, 
the  school  visitors  of  any  town  adjoining  the  town  or  either 
of  the  towns  in  which  such  district  is,  on  application  of  the 
district,  shall,  after  conferring  with  the  school  visitors  of 
the  town  or  towns  in  which  such  district  is  situated,  fix  the 
site,  and  make  return  to  the  town  clerk  of  the  town  in  which 
such  site  is  located ;  and  shall  receive  a  reasonable  compensa- 
tion for  their  services  from  said  district. 

1  Sec     33 

2  Sec     79 

Sec  144  A  district  cannot,  without  a  two-thirds  vote,  order  any  term  of  the 
school  to  be  kept  elsewhere  than  at  the  regular  schoolhouse  28  C  332  As  to 
power  of  district  in  this  respect  prior  to  enactment  of  this  statute  in  1872,  see 
27  C  506,  507  This  sect'ion  does  not  apply  to  town,  though  districts  consolidated 
77  C  192 


Sec.  145     Persons  not  residing  in  a   school  district  may   gej  ^2953 
attend  the  public  schools  therein,  if  the  consent  of  the  com-   Sec  2 
mittee  of  such  district  and  of  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  £u°pYsesident 
be  first  obtained,  but  not  otherwise. 

Sec.  146     Any  school  district  or  town  may,  by  a  vote  of  ge^  ^2954 
two-thirds  of  those  present  at  any  legal  meeting,   allow   its   Sec 
schoolhouse    or    schoolhouses,    when    not   in    use    for    school   ] 
purposes,  to  be  used  for  any  other  purpose.    The  town  school 
committee,  board  of  education  or  board  of  school  visitors  of 
any  town,  city,  borough  or  school  district  may  grant  the  tem- 
porary use  of  rooms,  halls  or  school  buildings  for  public  or 
educational  purposes  or  for  the  purpose  of  holding  political 
discussions  therein,  at  such  time  when  the  school  is  not  in 
session  and  subject  to  such  restrictions  as  the  authority  having 
control  of  such  room  or  building  may  consider  expedient. 

CHAPTER  IX 
Consolidation  of  School  Districts 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  51,  page  335 

Sec.  147  Any  town  may  abolish  all  the  school  districts,  ge£  f^2 
and  parts  of  school  districts,1  within  its  limits,  and  assume  Sec  2212 
and  maintain  control  of  the  public  schools  therein,  subject  to 
the  requirements  and  restrictions  imposed  by  the  general  tricts 
assembly;  and  for  this  purpose  every  such  town  shall  con- 
stitute one  school  district,  having  all  the  powers  and  duties 
of  a  school  district,  with  the  exceptions  hereinafter  stated.2 

Sec  147  The  assumption  of  control  by  the  town  carries  with  it  all  necessary 
power  to  repair  school  buildings  71  C  740,  741  A  town  assuming  control  of  the 
school  property  holds  it  in  trust  for  educational  purposes  73  C  170,  171  Transfer 
of  control  from  districts  to  town  is  merely  a  transfer  from  one  public  agency  to 
another  Ib  Town  not  subject  to  all  limitations  applicable  to  district;  location 
of  schoolhouse  77  C  194  Town  proper  party  to  action  after  consolidation  72 
C  565 

1  School   districts  are  mere   governmental   instruments   for   the   performance   of 
the   governmental  duty  of  providing  education     59   Conn  60 

2  Pursuant    to    statute,    §    2212,    a    town    abolished    its    school    districts    and 
assumed  the  maintenance  of  its  schools     At  its   request  the  legislature   enacted  a 
law   (Special  Laws  of   1903,   p   260),   which   created  a  board  of  finance,   and  pro- 
vided that  it  should  make,  under  proper  heads,  estimates  of  the  money  necessary 
to  be  appropriated  for  the  expenses  of  the  town,  and  of  the  rate  of  taxation,  and 
lay  such  tax  as  it  should  deem  necessary  therefor;  and  that  such  estimates  should 
be    filed    with    the    town   clerk   on    or    before    October    1st,    and    submitted    to   an 
adjourned  annual  town  meeting  to  be   held  at  a  time  and  place  fixed  by  the  act 
It  also  prescribed  that  such  meeting  should  consider  and  act  upon  the   estimates, 
and  that  the  appropriation  and  tax  rate  so  reported  by  the  board  should  be  final 


52 

Rev  1902 956  Sec.  *48     Whenever  a  vote1  shall  be  taken  in  any  town  in 

?9032ch3205      reference  to  abolishing  school  districts  and  assuming  control 

Vote  upon         °^  Pubnc  schools  therein,  and  whenever  a  vote  shall  be  taken 

fkm^schooi    ^°  re-establish  school  districts  under  section   166,  such  vote 

districts  shall  be  by  ballot2  at  an  annual  town  meeting,  upon  notice 

thereof  given  in  the  warning.3     The  selectmen  shall  provide 

a   ballot   box    for   that   purpose,    marked    "  Consolidation    of 

School  Districts."    Those  in  favor  of  such  consolidation  shall 

deposit  in  said  box  a  ballot  with  the  words  "  Consolidation  of 

School  Districts  Yes  "  written  or  printed  thereon,  and  those 

opposed  shall  deposit  a  ballot  with  the  words  "  Consolidation 

of  School  Districts  No "  written  or  printed  thereon,  and  in 

towns  divided  into  wards  or  voting  districts  for  annual  town 

meetings  such  a  ballot  box  shall  be  provided  at  each  of  such 

wards  or  voting  districts,  and  the  ballots  shall  be  examined, 

assorted,   counted   and   declared   in   the   manner  provided  by 

law.4    Section  576  of  General  Statutes,  in  so  far  as  the  same 

is  inconsistent  herewith,  shall  not  apply  to  votes  taken  under 

the  provisions  of  this  section. 


unless  changed  by  a  majority  vote  The  school  committee  was  required  by  the 
act  to  furnish  to  the  board  an  estimate  of  the  expenses  of  maintaining  the  schools, 
and  such  estimate  was  to  be  reported  by  the  board  without  change  Held:  — 

1  That  the  act  did  not  deprive  the  town  of  the  power   of  making  appropria- 
tions at  special  meetings,  nor  confine  its  action  at  such  meetings  to  the  confirma- 
tion   or    change    of    such    appropriations    as    might    be    favorably    reported    by    the 
board  of  finance     77  Conn  186 

2  That    the    act    did    not    preclude    the    town    at    its    adjourned    annual    town 
meeting    from    overriding    the    action    of    the    board    of    finance    and    making    an 
appropriation    for    building    a    schoolhouse,    upon    which    the    board    had    reported 
unfavorably     Ib 

3  That  if  any  warning   was   necessary  to   enable   the   town   to   act   within   the 
limits   prescribed  by  the   special   act,   a   notice  to  the   effect   that  the   meeting  was 
called    for   the   purpose,   among    others,    of    taking   action    upon    the    report    of   the 
board  of  finance  was  sufficient    Ib 

§  2209  of  the  Gen  Stat,  requiring  a  two-thirds  vote  in  order  to  change  the 
site  of  a  schoolhouse,  applied  to  school  districts  only,  and  not  to  a  town  which 
has  abolished  such  districts  and  assumed  the  control  and  maintenance  of  all  the 
schools  therein  Ib 

Sec  148  What  constitutes  sufficient  notice;  not  necessary  to  give  each  school 
district  particular  notice  73  C  166 

1  Town  registry  list  is  registry  list  for  school  purposes,  Sec  128 

2  Official  ballots  will  be  furnished  by  the  Secretary  of  State 

3  The  following  clause  in  the  warning  will  be  sufficient 

To  determine  by  ballot  whether  the  town  will  abolish  all   the  school  dis- 
tricts  and    parts    of    school    districts    within    its    limits    and    assume    and 
maintain  control  of  the  public  schools 
*  Gen  Stat     Sec  60S 


53 

Sec.  149     A  vote  to  consolidate  the  school  districts  in  any  %J*  fjfa95* 

town  into  one  district  shall  take  effect  on  the  first  Monday  of  Sec  2214 

July  next  succeeding  said  vote,  and  any  town  assuming  the  ^loiidate  to 

control  of  its  public  schools,  as  provided  in  this  chapter,  may  takes  effect 
at  any  annual  meeting,  not  previous  to  the  fifth  annual  meet- 
ing thereafter,  vote  to  abandon  such  control  and  re-establish 
the  several  districts  as  they  were  before  said  action,  which 
vote  shall  be  by  ballot,  in  the  manner  prescribed  in  section  148. 

Sec.  150     The  selectmen  of  a  town  voting  to  consolidate  G  s  Sec  958 

shall  determine,  not  later  than  the  first  Monday  of  May,  the  fee  22?! 

number  of  which  the  town  school  committee  shall  consist.1  ] 

Such   committee   shall   consist   of   either   three,   six,   nine   or  eiecTinr  oT 


twelve  residents  of  said  town.     Every  such  town  shall  at  a 
special  meeting  of  said  town  called  for  the  purpose  by  the 
selectmen,  to  be  held  on  the  first  Monday  of  June  following, 
elect  by  ballot  a  town  school  committee  of  the  number  de- 
termined upon  by  said  selectmen.     In  all  cases  the  number  of   See  G  s 
the  committee  to  be  elected  shall  be  stated  in  the  warning  of   Sec  978 
said  meeting.     Such  election  shall  be  conducted  in  the  same 
manner  as  the  annual  elections  of  towns. 

Sec.  151     If  the  number  of  the  committee  to  be  elected  G  s  Sec  959 
shall  be  six  or  twelve  no  person  sha*!!  vote  for  more  than  half   Sec  2216 
that  number;  if  the  number  be  nine,  no  person  shall  vote  for   1907  ch  227 

,  ^  j    ,,  .  .  1909  ch  68 

more  than  five,  and  the  six,  nine  or  twelve  persons,  as  the 

case  may  be,  receiving  the  highest  number  of  votes,  shall  be 

the  town   school  committee  of  said  town  for  the   respective  committee; 

terms  as  hereinafter  provided,  commencing  on  the  first  Mon-  c 

day  of  July  next  following.     The  members  of  such  committee 

so   elected   shall   divide   themselves   into   three   equal   classes, 

holding  office  respectively  until  the  second,  third  and  fourth 

subsequent  annual  town  elections  of  said  town,  at  which  elec- 

tions  and   at   every   annual   election,   subsequent   to   the   last 

thereof,  two,  three  or  four  members,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall 

be  elected  by  ballot  for  a  term  of  three  years,  in  the  manner 

prescribed  in  section  37.     If  the  number  of  the  committee  to 

be  elected   shall  be  three,  the  members  thereof  shall  all  be 

annually2  elected  at  the  annual  town  meeting,  and  no  person 

Sec     149  Vote   to  abandon   control,   taken  before  the  fifth   annual   meeting,    is 

of  no  effect  73  C     172     Effect  of  district's  resuming  control     78  C     329 

1  Sec  268 

2  May  be  elected  biennially  under  Sec  262     page   105 


54 

shall  vote  for  more  than  two.  The  three  persons  receiving 
the  highest  number  of  votes  shall  be  such  town  school 
committee. 

Rev  "^of60  Sec.  152     All  business  relating  to  public  schools  in  such 

Sec  2217         towns  shall  be  transacted  at  town  meetings.1 

School 
business  to 
be  done  at 
town   meetings 

G  s  Sec  961  Sec.  153  The  town  school  committee  shall  have  the 
sic  Hi!  powers  and  duties  of  high  school  committees,2  district  corn- 
General  mittees3  and  boards  of  school  visitors  ;* 8  6  shall  see  that  good 

fown^school  *  See  note  S  264     2  §  184     *  Ch  xi  Pa*e  71 

4  §    69     Return    of    names    to    secretary    of    state     §    272     Term    of    office    § 
267     Refusal  to  accept  office     §  273     Eligibility     §  16 

5  Duties  and  powers 

Town  school  committee 

1  To  enforce  labor  law     §  333 

2  Forward  names  of  pupils  for  normal  schools     §  256 

Recommend  students  for  normal  school     259 

3  Give  leaving  certificates     §  19 

4  Examine    manufacturing   establishments     §    24 

5  If  directed  by  town,  purchase  text-books     §  39 

6  Grant  hearing  to  parents  in  certain  cases     §  18 

7  Superintend  high  schools     §  185 

8  Consent  to  attendance  of  children  at  non-local  high   schools     §   186 

Consent  to  conveyance  of  high  school  children     §  190 

9  Provide   evening   school    instruction      §  52 

Rooms,  etc.,  for  evening  schools  §  53 
Certify  attendance  to  comptroller  §  58 
Request  relief  from  evening  school  law  §  60 

10  Organization 

Choose  chairman,  secretary     §  69 
For  enumeration  of  duties  see     §  69 
When  chairman  shall  call  meeting     §  78 
Secretary  shall  keep  records     §  91 

11  Appoint   acting  visitors     §    79 

Superintendents     §   80 
Compensation     §  397 

12  Examine  teachers  and  grant   certificates     §   199 

Revoke  certificates     §   199 

13  Employ  and  dismiss  teachers     §  202 

14  Members  cannot  be  appointed  teachers     §   203 

15  Select  and  approve  books  and  apparatus  §  §  69   196 

16  Return  to  comptroller  children  of  certain  ages     §  89 

17  Text-books,    cannot    change    except    by    two-thirds    vote     §    74 

18  May  require  vaccination     §75 

19  Preserve  books  and  documents     §  94 

20  May  administer  oath     §  95 

21  May  choose  superintendent     §  §   80  84 

Form  supervision  district     §   81 
Certify  salary  to  state  board  of  education     §  82 

Choose    superintendent    in    towns    having    20    to    30    teachers    §    84 
Certify  salary  to  state  board  of  education     §  85 

Petition    state    board    of    education    for    agent    to    supervise    schools 
§  86 

22  Custodian  of  registers     §  204 

23  May  appropriate  library  money     §  197 

24  Make  enumeration     §  224 

Examine  and  correct  returns     §   224 

25  Make  certificate  to  comptroller     §  226 

26  Certify  to  average  attendance  in  certain  towns     §  253 

27  Penalty  for  fraudulent  returns     §  248 

28  Recommend  changes   in  schoolhouses  to  secure  light,  ventilation,   or 

sanitary  arrangements     §  50 

29  May  appoint  school  physician     §  99 
May  cause  children  to  be  tested     §  102 
May  appoint  matron  or  nurse     §  104 

«  Connecticut  Reports,  Vol  82,   1909   Page  563 

The  State  of  Connecticut  ex  rel  The  Town  of  Huntmgton  vs  Huntmgton  Town 
School  Committee 


55 

public  schools  of  the  different  grades  are  maintained  in  the 
various  parts  of  the  town,  for  not  less  than  the  length  of  time 


The  law  and  the  facts  existing  when  an  action  at  law  is  brought  must 
ordinarily  govern  its  disposition 

Chapter  146  of  the  Public  Acts  of  1909  concerning  town  management  of  all 
public  schools,  worked  no  substantial  change  in  the  respective  rights  of  towns 
and  town  school  committees  with  reference  to  discontinuing  or  reopening  a 
public  school  in  towns  containing  but  a  single  school  district 

Town  school  committees  form  part  of  the  agencies  of  the  State  for  the  due 
performance  of  the  obligations,  which  it  has  always  assumed,  of  providing  for 
the  proper  education  of  the  young  In  exercising  its  powers,  which  are  largely 
discretionary,  such  a  committee  is  not  the  agent  of  the  town  but  of  the  law,  and 
therefore  is  not  subject  to  the  control  of  the  town  with  regard  to  reopening  a 
school  which  the  committee  has  seen  fit  to  close 

General  Statutes,  Sec  2218,  which  provides  that  town  school  committees 
"  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  which  may  be  required  of  them  by  the  town ", 
has  reference  only  to  such  acts  as  the  town  can  lawfully  require  the  committee  to 
perform 

Application  by  the  State's  attorney  to  the  Superior  Court  in  Fairfield  County, 
for  a  writ  of  mandamus  to  compel  the  reopening  of  a  school  An  alternative  writ 
having  been  issued,  and  a  motion  to  quash  filed,  the  cause  was  reserved  (Burpee, 
J)  for  the  advice  of  this  court  Superior  Court  advised  to  quash  the  alternative 
writ 

The  alternative  writ  set  forth  these  facts:  The  town  of  Huntington  has 
abolished  all  school  districts  therein,  and  maintains  the  public  schools  as  one 
district  They  are  under  the  general  supervision  and  control  of  the  town  com- 
mittee elected  October  5th  1908,  which  closed  a  certain  school  in  what  was 
formerly  known  as  the  Lower  White  Hill  District 

Subsequently,  on  October  28th  1908,  the  town  voted  that  its  best  interests 
required  that  this  school  should  be  reopened,  and  that  the  town  school  committee 
be  directed  to  reopen  it;  and  appointed  a  special  committee  to  see  that  it  was 
reopened,  and  to  take  all  proper  legal  proceedings  for  that  purpose  The  town 
school  committee  nevertheless  has  refused  to  reopen  the  school 

Baldwin,  C  J  Prior  to  July  15  1909,  every  town  had  power  to  abolish 
all  separate  school  districts  within  its  limits  and  constitute  itself  one  consolidated 
district  It  could  elect  a  town  school  committee,  which  should  "  have  the  powers 
and  duties  of  high  school  committees,  district  committees,  and  boards  of  school 
visitors;  shall  see  that  good  public  schools  of  the  different  grades  are  maintained 
in  the  various  parts  of  the  town;  ....  manage  the  property  of  the  town 
pertaining  to  schools;  ....  designate  the  schools  which  shall  be  attended 
by  the  children  within  their  jurisdiction;  ....  and  shall  perform  all 
lawful  acts  which  may  be  required  of  them  by  the  town  or  which  may  be 
necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the  provisions  of  this  title  "  General  St'atutes, 
Sections  2212,  2215,  2218  By  an  act  taking  effect  July  15,  1909,  every  town  was 
required  thereafter  to  "  assume  and  maintain  the  control  of  all  the  public 
schools  within  its  limits "  as  one  school  district;  and  from  that  date  until  its 
next  annual  town  meeting,  the  school  visitors  and  the  chairman  of  the  com- 
mittees of  the  districts  within  each  town  were  constituted  a  joint  board  having 
the  powers  and  duties  of  town  school  committees 

A  town  school  committee  was  to  be  elected  at  all  future  town  meetings  (with 
an  exception  not  material  in  this  cause),  with  the  powers  and  duties  of  district 
committees  and  school  visitors,  who  should  "  maintain  in  their  several  towns 
good  common  schools,  of  the  different  grades,  at  such  places  and  times  as  in 
their  judgment  shall  best  subserve  the  interests  of  education,  and  as  shall  give 
all  the  scholars  of  the  town  as  nearly  equal  advantages  as  may  be  practicable  " 
Public  Acts  of  1909,  p  1070,  Chap  146,  Sections  1,  3,  4  The  motion  for  the 


56 

that  would  be  required  had  no  such  consolidation  been  made; 
manage    the    property    of    the    town    pertaining   to    schools;1 


writ  of  alternative  mandamus  was  made  and  the  writ  issued  in  June,  1909  The 
motion  to  quash  was  filed  in  the  following  October 

An  action  for  relief  at  law  must  ordinarily  stand  or  fall,  so  far  as  concerns 
the  cause  of  action,  according  to  the  facts  and  governing  law  existing  at  the 
date  of  bringing  suit  Woodbridge  v  Pratt  and  Whitney  Company,  69  Conn 
304,  334,  37  Atl  688  The  respective  rights  of  towns  and  town  school  com- 
mittees, however,  with  reference  to  discontinuing  or  reopening  a  public  school 
in  towns  containing  but  a  single  school  district,  were  substantially  the  same 
before  the  Act  of  1909  took  effect  as  since  The  town  must  meet  the  cost  of 
maintaining  proper  schools:  the  town  school  committee  must  see  that  this  is  done; 
and  for  that  purpose  is  clothed  with  large  discretionary  powers  In  exercising 
these  it  is  the  agent  not  of  the  town,  but  of  the  law  Newton  v  Hamden,  79 
Conn  237,  240,  Atl  229  Connecticut  has  for  centuries  recognized  it  as  her 
right  and  duty  to  provide  for  the  proper  education  of  the  young  Town  school 
committees  exist  as  part  of  her  agencies  for  regulating  the  due  performance  of 
this  obligation  If  elected  by  the  towns,  it  is  simply  because  the  State  has 
thought  this  mode  of  choice  expedient  She  might  have  selected  them  herself 
Her  concession  of  a  right  of  election  to  the  town  does  not  recognize  or  imply 
that  it  has  a  right  of  control  over  the  committee,  when  elected  State  ex  rel 
Walsh  v  Hine,  59  Conn  50,  21  Atl  1024 

It  was  the  former  policy  of  the  state  to  make  the  management  of  schools  in 
large  measure  a  neighborhood  affair,  to  be  worked  out  by  the  creation  of  numerous 
small  territorial  divisions,  which  were  sometimes  formed  from  parts  of  several 
contiguous  towns  Under  this  scheme  of  administration,  each  local  school  district 
had  considerable  authority  over  its  school  committee  Oilman  v  Bassett,  33  Conn 
298,  304 

For  many  years  towns  have  been  permitted  to  consolidate  all  the  districts 
within  their  limits,  and  such  a  consolidation  has  now  been  made  compulsory 
The  statutes  under  which  this  change  of  plan  has  been  effected  must  be 
interpreted  in  view  of  their  general  purpose,  which,  in  accordance  with  the 
economic  trend  of  the  times,  is  to  unify  and  centralize  the  functions  of  local 
school  administration  So  construed  the  defendants  were  not  subject  to  the 
control  of  the  town,  in  regard  to  the  maintenance  of  the  school  in  question 

The  provision  in  General  Statutes,  Section  2218,  that  town  school  committees 
"  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  which  may  be  required  of  them  by  the  town," 
means  that  they  shall  perform  all  acts  which  may  be  lawfully  required  of  them 
by  the  town  That  which  this  action  is  brought  to  compel  the  defendants  to 
perform  is  not  one  which  the  towns  could  lawfully  require  from  them 

The  Superior  Court  is  advised  to  quash  the  alternative  writ 

1  The  assumption  of  control  by  the  town  carries  with  it  all  necessary  power 
to  repair  school  buildings  71  Conn  740  741 

A  town  assuming  control  of  the  school  property  holds  it  in  trust  for  educa- 
tional purposes  73  Conn  170  171 

Transfer  of  control  from  districts  to  town  is  merely  a  transfer  from  one  pub- 
lic agency  to  another  Ib 


57 

examine,1  employ  and  dismiss  the  teachers  for  the  schools  of 
such  towns  ;2  lodge  all  bonds,  leases,  notes  and  other  securities 
with  the  treasurer  of  said  town,  unless  the  same  have  been  in- 
trusted to  others  by  the  grantors,  or  the  general  assembly; 
pay  the  town  treasurer  all  moneys  which  they  may  receive  for 
the  support  of  schools;  determine  the  number  and  qualifica- 
tions of  the  scholars  to  be  admitted  into  each  school;  desig- 
nate the  schools  which  shall  be  attended  by  the  children 
within  their  jurisdiction,  and  may  arrange  with  the  committee 
of  any  adjacent  town  or  district  for  the  instruction  therein  of 
such  children  as  may  attend  there  more  conveniently;  shall 
fill  vacancies  in  their  own  number  until  the  next  annual  town 
meeting  when  vacancies  shall  be  filled  as  provided  in  section 
151,  and  the  ballots  shall  distinctly  specify  the  vacancy  to  be 
filled;3  shall  annually,  during  the  first  two  weeks  of  Sepl^em- 
ber,  ascertain  the  expenses  of  maintaining  the  schools  under 
their  superintendence,  during  the  year  ending  the  fourteenth 
day  of  the  previous  July,4  and  report  the  same,  with  the 
amount  of  moneys  received  toward  the  payment  thereof,  to 
the  annual  town  meeting,  and  shall,  at  the  same  time,  make  a 
full  report  of  their  doings,  and  the  condition  of  the  schools 
under  their  superintendence,  and  of  all  important  matters  con- 
cerning the  same ;  and  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  which  may 


1  Sec  199  2  Sec  202  s  A  law  special  and  local  in  its  application  is  not 
affected  by  a  statute  general  in  terms,  unless  the  intent  that  it  should  have  such 
effect  is  clearly  manifest  82  Conn  122 

A  report  of  a  statute  by  implication  is  not  favored,  and  is  never  presumed 
when  the  old  and  new  statute  may  well  stand  together  Ib 

Section  10  of  the  chapter  of  the  city  of  New  Britain  (14  Special  Laws,  p 
921)  provides  for  an  election  of  city  officers,  including  a  school  committee,  by 
the  voters,  and  Sec  14  declares  that  "  all  vacancies  in  any  of  the  said  offices  shall 
be  filled  by  the  common  council  "  Section  37  invests  the  school  committee  with 
all  the  rights,  powers  and  duties  possessed  by  committees  of  consolidated  school 
districts  and  by  selectmen,  under  the  laws  of  this  State,  one  of  which  (Sec  2218) 
prescribes  that  town  school  committees  shall  fill  vacancies  in  their  own  number 
until  the  next  annual  meeting  Held  that  these  apparently  inconsistent  pro- 
visions could  both  stand  and  have  effect,  the  special  law  as  applicable  to  the 
particular  case  of  New  Britain,  and  the  general  law  to  the  towns  of  the  State  at 
large;  and  therefore  the  common  council  of  New  Britain  and  not  the  school 
committee  was  empowered  to  fill  vacancies  in  the  latter  body  Ib 

In  quo  warranto  proceedings  the  burden  is  upon  the  respondent  to  show  a 
complete  title  to  the  office  in  dispute;  otherwise  judgment  of  ouster  must  be 
rendered  against  him 

*  Sec  235 


58 

be  required  of  them  by  the  town  or  which  may  be  necessary 
to  carry  into  effect  the  provisions  of  this  title.1 2 

Sec  153  Powers  conferred  and  duties  imposed  by  this  section  construed  65  C 
183  Town  may  defend  action  brought  against  committee  for  official  acts;  duties 
as  to  moral  fitness  of  teachers  79  C  240  Control  of  town  over  committee  82  C 
566  This  section  held  not  to  repeal  provision  in  city  charter  82  C  124 

1  Powers    conferred    and    duties    imposed    by    this    section    construed      65    Conn 
183      The    law    and    the    facts    existing   when    an    action    at    law    is    brought    must 
ordinarily    govern    its    disposition      82     Conn    563       Chapter     146    of    the    public 
acts   of   1909   concerning  town  management  of  all   public   schools,   worked  no   sub- 
stantial   change    in    the    respective    rights    of    towns    and    town    school    committees 
with   reference  to  discontinuing  or   reopening  schools    in   towns   containing  but   a 
single  school  district       Ib 

Town  school  committees  form  part  of  the  agencies  of  the  state  for  the  due 
performance  of  the  obligation,  which  it  has  always  assumed  of  providing  for  the 
proper  education  of  the  young  In  exercising  its  powers,  which  are  largely  dis- 
cretionary, such  a  committee  is  not  the  agent  of  the  town  but  of  the  law,  and 
therefore  is  not  subject  to  the  control  of  the  town  with  regard  to  reopening  a 
school  which  the  committee  has  seen  fit  to  close  Ib 

General  statutes,  section  2218,  which  provides  that  town  school  committees 
"  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  which  may  be  required  of  them  by  the  town," 
has  reference  only  to  such  acts  as  the  town  can  lawfully  require  the  committee 
to  perform  Ib 

2  In   a   matter   in    which    it   has   an    interest,    a   municipal    corporation    may    in- 
demnify  its  agent  or   officer  who  has   acted   in    good   faith   in   the    discharge    of  a 
duty  imposed  or  authorized  by  law,  or  may  assume  the  defense  of  a  suit  brought 
against  it  for  such  acts     79  Conn  237 

In  the  present  case  the  acting  school  visitors  and  two  members  of  the  town 
school  committee,  acting  in  good  faith,  investigated  certain  rumors  affecting  the 
moral  fitness  of  a  teacher  in  the  service  of  the  town,  and  upon  becoming  satisfied 
of  their  truth  so  informed  her,  but  upon  her  denial,  suggested  a  continuance  of 
the  investigation  or  her  resignation;  whereupon  she  resigned  and  sued  them  for 
conspiring  to  force  her  out  of  her  position  Held:  — 

1  That    the    defendant    town,    having    assumed    the    maintenance    and    control 
of  all  the  public  schools  within  its  limits,   had  a  direct  interest  in  the  fitness  of 
its  teachers  and  in  the  subject-matter  of  the   investigation 

2  That    in    making    the    investigation    those    who    conducted    it    clearly    acted 
within  the  lines  of  their  duty 

3  That    it   was    immaterial   that   they    themselves    had    no    power    to    discharge 
the    teacher,    but    could    only    report    their    conclusions    to    the    entire    committee; 
since  they  did  not  undertake  to  dismiss  her,  or  to  pass  any  judgment  in  the  matter 

4  That   it   was   competent   for   the   town  either   to   employ   counsel   to   defend 
the   suit   brought   against   said   investigators,   or   to   ratify   the   action   of   its   town 
school  committee  in  retaining  an  attorney  for  that  purpose 

The  complaint  alleged  that  the  school  committee  of  the  defendant  town  had 
employed  the  plaintiff  as  an  attorney  to  defend  its  members  when  sued  for  their 
acts  as  such;  that  they  had  reported  their  action  to  the  town  in  their  anunal  re- 
port, printed  and  circulated  among  the  voters,  and  that  thereupon,  at  a  town- 
meeting  specially  warned  to  determine  what  part,  if  any,  of  the  plaintiff's  fees  the 
town  would  pay,  after  a  full  discussion  a  motion  forbidding  the  selectmen  to  pay 
any  attorney  fees  in  such  action  was  defeated,  which  action  was  taken  with  the 
full  understanding  that  if  said  motion  was  defeated  the  action  of  the  school  com- 
mittee would  be  carried  into  effect:  and  that  afterward  the  town  paid  the  plain- 
tiff for  the  services  rendered  to  that  time,  and  that  he  had  subsequently  rendered 
further  proper  services  under  the  same  employment  Held  that  these  allega- 
tions established  at  least  a  prima  facie  obligation  upon  the  part  of  the  town, 
either  by  way  of  ratification  or  of  estoppel,  to  compensate  the  plaintiff  for  his 
services  thereafter  rendered  and  his  expenses  thereafter  incurred  pursuant  to  such 
employment 


59 


Sec.  154  Such  towns  shall  assume  the  property  and  be 
responsible  for  the  debts  of  the  districts  within  their  respective 
limits.1  Such  property  shall  be  appraised  and  the  amount 
of  the  debts  estimated  under  the  direction  of  the  town,  and  the 
appraised  value  of  such  property  may  be  raised  by  a  tax  to  be 
laid  by  the  town  on  its  grand  list  next  completed;  and  if  such 
tax  is  raised,  the  taxpayers  in  each  of  the  districts  previously 
existing  shall  be  paid  or  credited  on  the  rate  bill  with  their 
respective  proportions  of  any  excess  of  the  property  of  such 
district  over  and  above  its  liabilities,  as  ascertained  by  the 
town;  or  the  difference  in  the  value  of  the  property  of  the 
several  districts  may  be  adjusted  in  any  other  manner  agreed 
upon  by  the  parties  in  interest.  Permanent  funds  vested  in 
any  town  for  school  purposes  shall  remain  in  charge  of  the 
treasurer  of  the  town.2 

Sec.  155  Whenever  any  town  has  consolidated  or  shall 
consolidate  the  school  districts  within  such  town  under  the 
provisions  of  section  147  and  has  voted  or  shall  vote  to  appraise 
the  property  of  said  districts,  the  first  selectman,  one  member 
of  the  town  school  committee  elected  as  provided  by  section 
150,  to  be  appointed  by  said  committee,  and  one  member  of 

Sec  154  Effect  of  failure  to  follow  steps  prescribed  78  C  319;  see  86  C 
590 


G  S  Sec  962 
Rev  1902 
Sec  2219 

Property  of 
consolidated 
districts 


G  S  Sec  96- 
1907  chs  14 
93 

Appraisal  of 
school 
property  of 

consolidated 
districts 


iSec  117 

2  An  order  for  the  payment  of  money  which  specifies  no  time  of  payment  is 
in  legal  effect,  and  as  between  the  parties,  due  and  payable  immediately  It  is, 
however,  competent  for  the  parties  to  agree  —  as  they  did  in  the  present  case  — 
that  the  loan  evidenced  by  such  an  obligation  shall  remain  a  continuing  one 
until  such  contractual  relation  is  terminated  either  by  payment  by  the  debtor, 
or  by  demand  or  suit  by  the  creditor  78  Conn  319 

Interest  upon  a  loan  reserving  less  than  six  per  cent  should  be  computed  up 
to  the  date  of  the  defendant's  default  at  'the  rate  fixed  by  the  parties,  and  there- 
after, in  the  absence  of  any  agreement,  at  the  legal  rate  Ib 

In  1897  the  defendant  town  consolidated  its  school  districts  and  for  five 
years  thereafter  assumed  and  maintained  at  its  own  expense  the  exclusive  control 
of  its  public  schools  In  1902,  by  a  vote  of  the  town,  the  old  system  was  restored 
and  the  pre-existing  districts  re-assumed  their  functions  and  took  possession  and 
control  of  the  property  owned  by  them  respectively  before  the  consolidation 
Held  that  under  the  provision  of  §  2198  of  the  Gen  Stat  of  1888  (Rev  1902, 
§  2219),  to  the  effect  that  towns  consolidating  their  school  districts  "shall  assume 
the  property  and  be  responsible  for  the  debts  of  the  districts,"  the  action  taken  by 
the  town  in  respect  to  consolidation  was  in  itself  an  assumption  of  the  property 
of  the  districts  and  of  liability  for  their  debts,  notwithstanding  the  steps  pre- 
scribed in  §  2198  looking  to  an  equitable  adjustment  of  property  rights  and 
liabilities  as  between  the  taxpayers  of  the  several  districts  were  not  pursued  by 
the  town  officials  to  whose  discretion  the  matter  was  entrusted  by  vote  of  the 
town;  and  therefore  the  town  was  liable  for  the  interest  which  had  accrued 


6o 

the  board  of  assessors,  to  be  appointed  by  said  board  of  asses- 
sors, shall  constitute  a  committee  to  make  the  appraisal  pro- 
vided for  by  section  154. 

G  s  Sec  964          Sec.  156     Whenever  any  town  shall  have  assumed  control 
5eJ  2220          of  and  appraised  the  school  property  as  provided  in  section 
rime  for  pay-   154,  the  town  may,  by  vote  in  town  meeting,  extend  the  time 
£?dedx  €          in  which  the  taxpayers   of  any   district  or  districts   shall  be 
required  to  pay  the  excess  of  assessment  over  the  appraised 
value  of  the  property  in  such  district  for  a  period  not  exceed- 
ing five  years,  and  all  the  property  belonging  to  the  school 
districts  over  which  any  town  has  assumed  or  shall  assume 
control  shall  be  vested  in  such  town  to  be  held  for  school  pur- 
poses so  long  as  so  required,  and  may  be  sold  and  deeded  by 
said  town  when  not  required  for  school  purposes. 

Rev" i9of  ^5  Sec.  157  Whenever  any  town  has  voted,  or  shall  vote,  to 
3^Q52^117  assume  control  of  all  the  schools,  as  provided  in  this  chapter, 
Proceedings  in  m  case  there  is  a  joint  district  the  selectmen  of  the  towns  out 
iistricts3'°int  °f  which  such  joint  district  is  formed  shall  meet  within  ten 
days  after  receiving  a  written  request  for  such  meeting  signed 
by  the  first  selectman  of  either  of  said  towns,  and  appraise  the 
schoolhouse  and  other  school  property  owned  and  used  by 
said  joint  district  and  determine  what  proportion  is  owned  by 
the  inhabitants  of  the  towns  residing  in  said  district.  If  the 
several  boards  of  selectmen  shall  not  agree,  the  same  shall  be 
determined  by  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  upon  application 
of  either  of  the  boards  of  selectmen,  and  his  decision  shall  be 
final.  The  proportion  belonging  to  the  taxpayers  of  the  town 
in  which  the  property  is  not  located,  after  deducting  the  in- 
debtedness of  the  district,  shall  be  paid  to  the  treasurer  of 
such  town  by  the  treasurer  of  the  town  in  which  such  prop- 
erty is  located. 


during  the  period  of  consolidation  on  a  debt  of  one  of  the  school  districts  Ib 
The  town  contended  that  a  judgment  against  it  for  such  interest  would  be 
inequitable  to  the  taxpayers  of  the  several  districts  Held  that  the  facts  disclosed 
by  the  record  gave  no  sufficient  support  to  such  claim,  and  the  town  was  in  no 
position  to  take  advantage  of  that  possibility,  inasmuch  as  the  predicament  was 
due  to  the  failure  of  its  own  officials  in  1897  to  take  the  statutory  steps  which 
would  have  equalized  any  burdens  upon  the  taxpayers  which  might  have  been 
created  by  the  new  conditions 


6i 

Sec.  158     In  case  any  school  district,  formerly  existing  in   j^^f  **** 
a  town  in  which  the  school  districts  have  been  or  shall  be   Sec  2222 
abolished  or  consolidated,  has  received  a  permanent  fund  for  Jf^f^ent 
the  support  of  a  school  or  schools  in  said  district,  the  treasurer  funds 
of  the  town  shall  have  charge  of  it,  and  keep  a  separate  account 
thereof;  and  the  income  of  said  fund  shall  be  held  subject 
to  the  order  of  the  town  school  committee,  which  shall  apply 
it  for  the  benefit  of  the  school  or  schools  within  or  nearest 
to  the  limits  of  the  district  formerly  existing,  in  such  manner 
as  to  carry  out,  as  nearly  as  possible,  the  intent  of  the  grantor 
of  said  fund. 

Sec.  159     Every   such   town   shall  'be   entitled   to   receive   Rev^ifof  ^ 
from  the  state,  annually,  and  upon  the  conditions  prescribed   Sec  222 
for   school   districts,   for  the  purposes   of  school   libraries,   a  Schoolhbrarie 
sum  not  exceeding  the  aggregate  amount  which  the  former 
districts  of  said   town   might  have   received   in   like   circum- 
stances.1 

Sec.  1 60     The  expenses  of  maintaining  public  schools  in   G^s  s^Q68 
such  towns,  which  shall  be  incurred  with  the  approval  of  the   ^Z2^\g 
town  school  committee,  shall  be  paid  by  the  town  treasurer   T 

*  Payment   of 

on  orders  drawn  by  the  town  school  committee,  except  so  far  school 
as  they  may  be  met  by  the  income  from  local  school  funds. 
Such  orders  may  be  signed  by  such  persons  on  behalf  of  the 
school  committee  as  the  committee  by  by-law  or  special  vote, 
certified  by  the  secretary  to  the  town  treasurer,  may  provide; 
and,  in  the  absence  of  such  by-law  or  special  direction,  by  the 
secretary. 

Sec.  161     When  any  part  of  a  school  district  lying  in  two  G  s  Sec  969 
or  more  towns  shall  be  abolished  or  consolidated  by  either,  its   Se<T  2225 
selectmen  shall  give  immediate  notice  thereof  to  the  select-  Notice  when 
men  of  the  other  town  or  towns,  which  shall  thereafter  provide  trict  » 
for   the    schooling    of   the    children    belonging   thereto,    who 
formerly  belonged  to  said  school  district.2 

Sec.  162     Any  school  district  which  has  been,  or  shall  be,   %e?  ^Sec  970 
abolished  by  any  town,  may  settle  and  close  up  its  affairs;   Sec  2226 
and   its   district  committee   last   elected,   or  the   selectmen   of  fff^Tof 
said  town,  may  call  special  meetings  of  the  district. 

1  Chapter  xiii     page    76 

2  Sec  108 


62 


Sec.  163  If  any  such  district  has,  or  shall,  become  liable, 
by  judgment  or  otherwise,  to  pay  any  claims  or  demands  upon 
it,  or  if  expenses  and  liabilities  have  been  or  shall  be  incurred 
by  it  in  settling  up  its  affairs,  after  consolidation,  the  select- 
men of  said  town,  upon  the  request  of  said  district,  shall  pay 
the  same  and  charge  the  amount  to  the  district,  and  said 
amount  shall  be  raised  by  the  selectmen  adding  the  same  to 
the  tax  to  be  laid  by  the  said  town  on  its  grand  list  next  com- 
pleted of  the  taxable  property  of  such  district. 

Sec.  164  Said  selectmen  shall  collect  all  taxes,  claims 
and  demands  in  favor  of  such  district,  in  the  name  of  the  dis- 
trict, and  credit  the  same  to  the  district,  less  expenses  of 
collection. 

Sec.  165  When  any  town  has  voted  to  re-establish  its 
school  districts  as  provided  in  section  149,  each  of  the  dis- 
tricts shall  pay  the  town  for  all  improvements  which  the  town 
has  made  on  the  schoolhouse,  its  furniture  and  appurtenances 
within  the  district.  The  amounts  to  be  thus  paid  shall  be 
determined  by  the  selectmen  and  the  town  school  committee. 
When  such  payments  are  made  the  town  shall  restore  or  make 
good  to  each  of  the  districts  the  school  property  and  local 
funds  formerly  belonging  to  the  district.  If  any  district  shall 
refuse  or  neglect  to  make  the  payment  required  by  this  sec- 
tion until  the  expiration  of  six1  months  after  the  passage  of 
the  vote  of  the  town  to  re-establish  the  districts,  the  select- 
men may  cause  a  tax  sufficient  to  make  said  payment,  includ- 
ing the  cost  of  laying  and  collecting  such  tax,  to  be  laid  on 
the  district  in  the  manner  provided  by  law  for  school  district 
taxes  except  that  the  selectmen  shall  perform  the  duties 
required  of  district  committees  therein,  and  to  be  collected 
and  paid  to  the  town. 

Sec.  1 66  A  vote  to  re-establish  the  school  district  shall 
not  take  effect  further  than  to  authorize  the  district  to  hold 
meetings,  lay  and  collect  taxes,  and  appoint  officers  for  these 
purposes,  until  all  the  settlements  and  payments  required  by 
section  165  have  been  made;  and  unless  such  payments  and 
settlements  are  made  within  one  year  after  the  passage  of  said 
vote  said  vote  shall  be  null  and  void. 

Sec      163      Held    not    to    be    condition    precedent    to    lawful    consolidation      78 
C    326 


63 

Sec.  167     When  any  town   in  which  the   school   districts   RCV?  ^  975 
have  been  consolidated  has  abandoned  or  shall  abandon  such   Sec  2231 
system,  the  persons  elected  school  committee  of  such  consoli-  Town  school 

J  '  *\  committee  to 

dated  districts  at  the  election  next  preceding  such  abandon-  JfjJgJJJ  sch°o1 

ment   shall    be    and    remain   the   members    of   the   board    of 

school  visitors  of  such  town,  with  all  the  powers  and  duties 

of  school  visitors,  during  the  term  for  which  they  were  or 

may  be  respectively  elected,  in  the  same  manner  as  if  elected 

school  visitors  of  such  town. 

Sec.  1 68     Towns  shall  have  the  same  powers  and  be  sub-  G  s  Sec  976 

Rev  1902 

ject  to  the  same  regulations,  as  school  districts,  in  taking  land  Sec  2232 
for  schoolhouses,  outbuildings  and  convenient  accommodations  Taking  land 

for  school 
for  Schools.  purposes 

Sec.  1 60     Whenever  any  town   shall   have   voted,   in  the  G  s  Sec  977 

1907  ch  39 

manner  provided  by  law,  to  change  the  number  of  members 

.  ....  Election  of 

of  its  town  school  committee  or  board  of  school  visitors  from  members  of 

town  scn 
six  to  three,  no  members  of  such  committee  or  such  board  shall  committee 

be  elected  at  the  first  annual  town  meeting  after  the  adjourn- 
ment of  the  meeting  at  which  the  number  was  so  fixed  at 
three.  At  the  second  annual  town  meeting  one  member  of 
such  committee  or  such  board  shall  be  elected  to  serve  one 
year,  and  at  the  third  annual  town  meeting  three  members 
thereof  shall  be  elected.  Whenever  any  town  shall  have 
voted  to  change  the  number  of  said  school  officers  from 
nine  to  three,  or  from  twelve  to  three,  no  members  of  such 
committee  or  such  board  shall  be  elected  at  the  first  and 
second  annual  town  meetings  after  the  number  has  been  so 
determined,  and  at  the  third  annual  town  meeting  three  mem- 
bers thereof  shall  be  elected.  Whenever  a  town  shall  have  so 
voted  to  reduce  the  number  of  members  of  its  town  school 
committee  or  board  of  school  visitors  to  three,  and  by  resigna- 
tion the  number  shall,  before  the  next  annual  town  meeting 
after  the  adjournment  of  the  meeting  at  which  the  number 
was  fixed  at  three,  be  reduced  to  three,  the  terms  of  office  of 
the  remaining  members  shall  terminate  at  said  annual  town 
meetings,  and  the  town  shall  thereupon  elect,  at  said  meeting, 
three  members  of  such  committee  or  such  board.  The  pro- 
visions of  section  151  which  relate  to  the  election  and  term 
of  office  of  a  town  school  committee  of  three  members  shall 


64 


G  S  Sec  97S 
1909  ch  68 

Biennial  elec- 
tion of  school 
officers 


apply  in  like  manner  to  the  election  and  term  of  office  of  the 
officers  provided  for  by  this  section. 

Sec.  170  Whenever,  in  towns  holding  biennial  elections 
as  provided  in  section  249  of  the  General  Statutes,1  town  school 
committees  or  boards  of  school  visitors  are  divided  into  classes 
under  the  provisions  of  sections  36  and  151,  at  each  biennial 
town  meeting,  there  shall  be  elected  a  number  sufficient  to 
fill  two  classes.  On  the  ballots  shall  be  printed  or  written, 
above  the  names  constituting  each  class,  the  words,  "  town 
school  committee  "  or  "  board  of  school  visitors,"  as  the  case 
may  be,  and  directly  underneath  said  words  shall  be  written 
or  printed  the  words  "  terms  begin  in  (the  figures  designat- 
ing the  year)."  Whenever  the  number  of  the  town  school 
committee  shall  be  three,  who  are  to  hold  office  for  one  year 
as  provided  in  section  151,  on  the  ballots  above  such  three 
names  shall  be  printed  or  written  the  words  "  town  school 
committee  "  and,  directly  underneath,  the  words  "  terms  begin 
in  (the  figures  designating  the  year),"  and  above  the  second 
three  names  shall  be  written  or  printed  the  words  "  terms 
begin  in  (figures  designating  the  year)."  Whenever  any 
vacancy  occurs,  a  majority  of  the  remaining  members  may 
fill  the  vacancy  until  the  next  town  meeting.  Whenever  a 
vacancy  is  to  be  filled  by  election,  on  the  ballots  used  at  such 
election  shall  be  printed  or  written  the  words,  "  town  school 
committee  "  or  "  board  of  school  visitors,"  as  the  case  may 
be,  and,  directly  underneath,  the  words  "  vacancy  (one  or  two 
years,  as  the  case  may  be)."2 


CHAPTER  X 
Town  Management 

General    Statutes,    Chapter   52,   page    341 

c  f909*ch9?46  ^ec*  I1I     Every  town  in  this  state  shall  maintain  the  con- 

>t  i9ii',  ch   200    trol  of  all  the  public  schools  within  its  limits,  and  for  this 

a  omtroi  ^nd       purpose  every  town  shall  be  a  school  district,  and  shall  have 

^hoofs'  a^  ^e  powers  and  duties  of  school  districts,  except  in  so  far 

as  such  powers  and  duties  are  inconsistent  with  the  provisions 

of  this  chapter,  but  this  chapter  shall  not  apply  to  any  town 


note  1  Sec  151 
2  See  Sec  388 


65 

which  has  a  city  or  borough,  or  district  organized  under 
special  acts  of  the  legislature,  within  its  limits,  unless  such 
town  shall  vote  to  abolish  school  districts  and  assume  control 
of  the  public  schools  therein.  The  provisions  of  this  chapter 
shall  apply  to  the  town  of  South  Windsor  in  all  respects  as 
if  the  districts  within  its  limits,  organized  under  special  act 
of  the  legislature,  had  been  abolished  prior  to  July  14,  1909. 

Sec.  172,    All  business  concerning  the  public  schools  shall  G  s  sec  980 

1909,  ch     146 

be  transacted  in  town  meetings,      ihe  annual  town  meeting  School 
shall  be  the  annual  school  district  meeting. 


town  meeting 

Sec.  173     The    town    school    committee    of    every    town  G  s  sec  981 

3  ,     1909,  ch  146 

managing  schools  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  1917,  ch    so 
consist  of  either  three,  six,  nine  or  twelve  residents  of  said  Committee  how 

T  f  f  -11  constituted 

town.  If  the  number  of  the  town  school  committee  be  three,  Election 
all  the  members  thereof  shall  be  elected  at  the  annual-  town 
meeting,  and  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two  ;  the 
three  persons  receiving  the  highest  number  of  votes  shall  be 
such  town  school  committee.  If  the  number  of  the  town 
school  committee  be  six,  nine  or  twelve,  one-third  of  the 
members  thereof  shall  be  elected  annually  by  ballot  for  the 
term  of  three  years,  to  begin  on  the  day  of  election.  If  the 
number  to  be  chosen  at  any  town  meeting  be  two  or  four,  no 
person  shall  vote  for  more  than  half  that  number.  If  the 
number  to  be  chosen  be  three,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more 
than  two.  Said  school  committee  shall  have  the  power  to  fill 
vacancies  in  its  membership  until  the  next  annual  election, 
when  such  vacancies  shall  be  filled  for  the  remainder  of  the 
term  by  the  town,  by  ballot.  No  boards  of  school  visitors 
shall  be  elected,  and  no  district  committees,  except  in  districts 
organized  under  special  acts  and  in  districts  which  retain  their 
organization  in  the  manner  provided  in  this  chapter.  Any 
town  may  at  any  time  vote  to  make  the  number  of  its  school 
committee  either  three,  six,  nine  or  twelve,  and  at  each  sub- 
sequent election  the  new  board  shall  be  elected  in  the  manner 
above  provided,  but  those  theretofore  elected  shall  remain  in 
office  until  the  expiration  of  their  terms. 

Sec  171  Purpose  and  effect  of  consolidation  82  C  566;  86  C  594  See 

note  to  Sec  955 

Sec  173  Requirement  that  member  of  committee  be  "resident"  considered 
83  C  560 


66 

?90S9  sch  9SU6  Sec.  J74  Said  school  committee  shall,  in  general,  have 
1913,'  ch  178  au  tiie  powers  and  perform  the  duties  both  of  district  com- 

(  dutieesrsofnd  niittees1  and  boards  of  school  visitors,2  except  so  far  as  such 
committees01  powers  and  duties  are  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of 

I  this  chapter.  They  shall  maintain  in  their  several  towns 

good  common  schools,  of  the  different  grades,  at  such  places 
and  times  as  in  their  judgment  shall  best  subserve  the  interests 
of  education,  and  as  shall  give  all  the  scholars  of  .the  town  as 
nearly  equal  advantages  as  may  be  practicable;  they  shall 
have  charge  of  the  schools  of  their  respective  towns;  they 
shall  appoint  a  chairman  and  secretary,  which  secretary  shall 
be  chosen,  either  from  their  number,  or  from  the  citizens  of 
the  town  in  which  they  are  elected,  who  shall  respectively 
perform  the  duties  and  exercise  the  powers  pertaining  to 
the  chairman  and  secretary  of  the  boards  of  school  visitors;3 
they  shall  appoint  one  or  more  acting  visitors  or  a  superin- 
tendent to  exercise,  under  their  direction,  a  supervision  over 
schools;4  they  shall  have  the  care  and  management  of  build- 
ings, lands,  apparatus  and  other  property  used  for  school  pur- 
poses; they  shall  determine  the  number  and  qualifications  of 
the  scholars  to  be  admitted  into  each  school ;  they  shall  employ 
a  requisite  number  of  qualified  teachers,5  but  shall  make  no 
contract  for  a  longer  period  then  one  year;  they  shall  desig- 
nate the  schools  which  shall  be  attended  *by  the  various 
children  within  their  several  towns,  and  shall  make  such  pro- 
visions as  will  enable  every  child  of  school  age,  residing  in 
the  town,  who  is  of  proper  mental  and  physical  condition,  to 
attend  some  public  day  school  for  the  period  required  by  law, 
and  they  may  provide  for  the  transportation  of  children 
wherever  transportation  may  seem  reasonable  and  desirable,6 
and  they  may  arrange,  if  they  see  fit,  with  the  committee  of 
an  adjoining  town  for  the  instruction  therein  of  such  children 
as  can  attend  school  in  such  adjoining  town  more  con- 
veniently; they  shall  report  in  detail  to  the  annual  town 

\  meeting  concerning  the  expenditures  on  the  schools  of  the 

towns  during  the  year  ending  on  the  fifteenth  day  of  the 

s  l  Chapter  xi,  page  71 

1  Sec  69 
•  Sec  78 

4  Chapter  vi,   page   27 
«  Sees  199,  202 
«  Sec  18 


67 

previous  July;1  and  also  concerning  their  doings  and  the  con- 
dition of  the  schools  under  their  superintendence,  and  they 
shall  perform  all  lawful  acts  necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the 
powers  and  duties  granted  by  this  chapter.2  3 

Sec.  175     The   town   clerk   and   treasurer    of   each   town  f9Q|  *J£ 
shall   have   all   the   powers   and    duties,    respectively,    of   the   Treasurer 

.  ,.  .  and    clerk 

clerk  and  treasurer  of  a  school  district,  except  in  so  far  as 
such  duties  are  rendered  unnecessary  by  the  provisions  of 
this  chapter. 

Sec.  176    All  school  records  shall  be  handed  over  to  the  f909}  5£ 
town  clerk  of  each  town,  and  shall  be  preserved  by  the  town.    Records 

Sec.  177     All  property  at  any  time  held  by  school  districts   p9(g  Jj£ 
which  has   vested   in  the  towns   in  which   such   districts  are   Property 
situated   shall   be   held   by   such   towns    for   school   purposes.    Debts*8 
Every  school  district  may  preserve  its  organization  and  neces- 
sary powers  for  the  sole  purpose  of  closing  and  settling  up  its 
affairs  and  managing  and  paying  any   indebtedness  not  de- 
volved upon  the  town.    The  provisions  of  sections  7  and  &  of 
chapter  146  of  the  Public  Acts  of  1909  are  continued  in  force 
and    effect    for    all    objects    and    purposes    in    said    sections 
provided.4 

Sec     174     Control  of  town  over  committee     82  C     566     See  note  to  Sec     153 
1  Sec  235 


2  See  65  Conn     183,  also  notes  on  page  58 

8  For  other  duties  see  duties  of  school  visitors,  note  1,  page  78,  and  duties 
of  town  school  committees,  note  5,  page  54 

Sec  177     Effect  of  failure  of  town  to  lay  equalization  tax     86  C  594 

4  Connecticut  Reports,   Vol   86     Page  500 

The  Second  School  District  of  the  Town  of  Glastonbury  vs  The  Town  of 
Glastonbury 

Chapter  146  of  the  Public  Acts  of  1909,  which  took  effect  on  July  15th  of 
that  year,  required  towns  to  assume  the  management  and  control  of  their  district 
schools  and  also  to  take  over  their  property  and  indebtedness  Section  7  of  the 
Act  provided  that  the  assessors  of  each  town  should  appraise  the  property  of 
each  school  district  therein  on  or  before  Sept.  30th,  1909,  and  that  the  town, 
at  its  next  annual  meeting  after  the  Act  took  effect,  should  levy  an  "  equalization 
tax  "  upon  its  grand  list  sufficient  to  raise,  in  the  combined  districts,  an  amount 
equal  to  the  value  of  their  property  less  their  indebtedness;  and  that  thereupon 
a  sum  equal  to  the  appraised  value  of  the  school  property  in  each  district,  less 
its  indebtedness,  should  be  abated  t®  the  taxpayers  of  such  district  in  proportion 
to  the  amount  of  their  respective  lists  It  further  provided  that  any  school  district 
might  elect  to  retain  and  be  alone  responsible  for  its  own  indebtedness  or  any 
stated  portion  thereof,  in  which  case  such  indebtedness  should  not  be  deducted 
from  the  appraised  value  of  its  property  in  determining  the  amount  of  the 
aforesaid  abatement 

The    plaintiff    district,    which    owned    property    appraised    in    September,    1909, 


68 

at  $15,500.00,  and  was  indebted  to  the  amount  of  $15,152.00,  voted  that  its  entire 
debt  devolve  upon  the  town;  while  the  defendant  town  voted  in  November,  1909, 
not  to  assume  any  debt  contracted  by  any  school  district  before  July  15th 
1909  The  defendant  refused  to  lay  an  equalization  tax  and  the  plaintiff  by 
this  suit  sought ,  to  compel  it  to  do  so,  or  to  return,  or  pay  for  the  school 
district  property  Held: —  I  That  the  object  of  the  tax  was  not  to  raise  money 
to  pay  the  indebtedness  assumed,  but,  as  its  name  implied, '  to  equalize,  between 
the  different  districts  and  in  proportion  to  their  respective  grand  lists,  the 
amount  in  property  and  taxes  taken  from  each  by  the  town  2  That  the  town, 
in  its  corporate  capacity,  had  no  interest  in  the  appraisal  of  the  school  district 
property  but  only  in  the  amount  of  its  indebtedness;  and  therefore  was  in  no 
position  to  assail  the  statute  upon  the  ground  that  it  did  not  provide  for  a  hear- 
ing of  interested  persons  by  the  assessors  before  appraising  the  property  3  That 
as  none  ef  the  defendant's  property  was  being  taken  there  was  no  ground  for  its 
claim  that  it  was  being  deprived  of  its  property  without  due  process  of  law  4 
That  the  defendant  should  have  laid  the  equalization  tax  as  the  statute  prescribed; 
and  its  failure  to  do  so  at  the  time  specified  in  the  statute  was  no  excuse  for  its 
refusal  to  lay  it  now  5  That  the  tax  should  be  laid  upon  the  last  completed 
grand  list  of  the  town 

Suit  to  compel  the  defendant  to  lay  an  equalization  tax  in  the  manner  pre- 
scribed by  chapter  146  of  the  Public  Acts  of  1909,  relating  to  the  town  manage- 
ment of  public  schools,  or  to  pay  the  plaintiff  the  just  and  true  value  of  its 
school  property,  possession  of  which  the  town  was  alleged  to  have  taken,  or  for 
other  relief,  brought  to  and  reserved  by  the  Superior  Court  in  Hartford  County, 
Ralph  Wheeler,  J,  upon  a  finding  of  facts  for  the  advice  of  this  court  Judg- 
ment advised  for  plaintiff 

By  the  Act  in  question  (Public  Acts  of  1909,  chapter  146,  p  1070)  certain 
school  property,  consisting  of  a  schoolhouse  and  the  lot  on  which  it  stands,  and 
all  the  furniture,  equipment  and  apparatus  of  the  school  therein  contained,  all  of 
the  value  of  $15,500.00,  became  vested  in  the  defendant  town,  and  it  has  taken 
possession  of  and  occupies  the  same,  and  is  using  it  for  school  purposes 

Section  7  of  the  Act,  so  far  as  it  concerns  this  action,  reads  as  follows: 
"  All  property  heretofore  held  by  school  districts  shall  vest  in  the  towns  in 
which  such  districts  are  situated,  to  be  held  by  such  towns  for  school  purposes 
All  debts,  obligations,  or  pecuniary  trusts  of  any  school  district,  existing  at  the 
time  of  the  passage  of  this  act,  shall  remain  in  force  against  the  town  in  which 
such  district  was  situated,  and  shall  be  paid  and  performed  by  such  town,  except 
as  hereinafter  provided  The  assessors  of  each  town  shall,  on  or  before  the 
thirtieth  day  of  September,  1909,  appraise  the  property  of  each  school  district 
within  its  limits  At  the  next  annual  town  meeting  after  the  passage  of  this  act, 
an  equalization  tax  shall  be  levied  upon  the  grand  list  of  the  town,  equivalent 
to  such  a  tax  as>  would,  in  all  districts  of  the  town  combined,  raise  an  amount 
•of  money  equal  to  the  value  of  the  property  owned  by  such  districts,  less  their 
indebtedness,  and  there  shall  then  be  abated  to  the  taxpayers  of  each  district 
:so  many  mills  of  such  equalization  tax  rate  as  upon  that  part  of  the  grand  list 
of  the  town  taxable  within  such  district  would  yield  an  amount  of  money  equal 
to  the  appraised  value  of  its  property  less  the  amount  of  indebtedness  of  the 
district  Any  district  shall  have  power  to  determine  that  any  stated  amount  of 
its  indebtedness  shall  not  be  devolved  upon  the  town,  but  shall  be  owned  by  such 
•  district  exclusively,  as  heretofore,  and  any  town  shall  have  this  same  power 
regarding  the  indebtedness  of  any  district  situated  within  its  limits;  provided, 
that,  if  action  is  taken  both  by  the  town  and  by  the  district  having  such  in- 
debtedness, the  vote  stating  the  larger  amount  of  indebtedness  to  be  separately 
retained  by  the  district  and  not  devolved  upon  the  town  shall  determine  such 
.amount;  and  provided,  further,  that  this  amount  of  indebtedness  thus  separately 
retained  by  the  district  shall  not  be  deducted  from  the  appraised  value  of  its 
property  in  fixing  the  amount  of  the  equalization  tax  to  be  abated  for  its  tax- 
payers 

Every     school     district     shall     remain     separately     and     solely     liable     for    any 


indebtedness  or  liability  by  it  incurred  previously  to  September  1,  1909,  unless 
the  amount  of  such  liability  or  indebtedness  shall  be  deducted,  as  aforesaid, 
from  the  appraised  value  of  its  property  in  fixing  the  amount  of  the  equalization 
tax  to  be  abated  for  its  taxpayers  " 

Pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  the  Act,  the  assessors  of  the  town  in  September, 
1909,  appraised  said  school  property  at  $15,500.00  At  the  time  when  this  property 
was  taken  by  the  defendant  the  plaintiff  was  indebted,  by  its  notes,  to  the  amount 
Of  $15,152.50,  for  money  borrowed  with  which  to  erect  the  school  building  The 
district  voted  that  its  entire  debt  devolved  upon  the  town  The  town  voted,  on 
November  27th,  1909,  "  that  any  debt  contracted  by  any  school  district  in  the 
town  of  Glastonbury  previous  to  July  15,  1909,  be  not  assumed  by  the  town" 
No  equalization  tax  was  laid  by  the  town  at  its  next  annual  meeting  after  the 
passage  of  the  Act  in  question,  and  the  town  will  refuse  to  lay  such  tax  unless 
ordered  so  to  do  by  the  court  The  remaining  school  districts  in 'the  town  have 
continued  responsible  for  their  debts,  and  have  made  no  request  that  the  town 
pay  the  same,  and  none  of  them  has  taken  any  action  to  enforce  an  equalization 
tax,  or  to  collect  from  the  town  any  of  the  indebtedness  of  such  district 

Opinion  The  purpose  of  the  statute  under  which  the  plaintiff's  school  prop- 
erty was  vested  in  the  defendant,  was  to  abolish  school  districts  in  certain  towns 
and  place  the  management  of  all  the  schools  in  the  hands  of  the  town,  which, 
for  that  purpose,  is  made  a  school  district 

Its  effect  is  to  enlarge  the  boundaries  of  the  different  districts  so  as  to  make 
them  correspond  with  those  of  the  town  It  is  a  general  law,  applying  to  all 
towns  in  the  state  except  those  which  have  a  city  or  borough,  or  a  district 
organized  under  a  special  act  of  the  legislature,  within  their  limits,  and  except 
those  towns  which  have  voted  to  abolish  school  districts  and  assume  the  control 
of  the  schools 

By  thus  consolidating  all  of  the  districts  into  a  single  district,  the  enlarged 
district  became  possessed  of  the  school  property  of  all  the  old  districts,  and 
became  bound  to  manage,  and  assume  the  expense  of  managing,  all  the  schools 

Section  7,  out  of  which  the  present  controversy  arises,  provides  for  the  pay- 
ment of  the  debts  and  obligations  of  the  districts  After  providing,  in  the  earlier 
part  of  the  section,  that  the  town  shall  pay  these  debts  except  as  thereafter  pro- 
vided, it  proceeds  to  provide  for  what  is  called  an  "  equalization  tax  "  This  tax 
does  not  purport  to  be  laid  for  the  purpose  of  paying  the  indebtedness  which 
the  town  assumes  to  pay  for  the  different  districts  The  sum  to  be  raised  is  not 
the  amount  of  such  indebtedness,  but  the  value  of  the  property  received  less  the 
amount  of  such  indebtedness  It  may  be  much  more  than  the  total  indebtedness, 
and  it  may  be  less,  depending  upon  the  value  of  the  property  and  the  amount 
of  the  indebtedness  of  the  different  districts  Presumably  the  total  property 
taken  will  exceed  the  indebtedness;  but  fires  or  other  disasters  in  a  particular 
town  might  create  a  situation  not  contemplated  by  the  statute  Nor  does  the 
statute  contemplate  that  the  town  will,  upon  this  levy,  collect  the  full  tax  laid, 
for  the  taxpayers  in  the  several  districts  are  allowed  an  abatement  which  in  effect 
is  the  amount  by  which  the  appraised  value  of  the  property  taken  from  the  district 
exceeds  its  indebtedness 

The  purpose  of  the  tax  is,  as  its  name  implies,  equalization,  to  equalize  as 
between  the  different  districts,  in  proportion  to  their  grand  lists,  the  amount  in 
property  and  taxes  from  each  by  the  town  If  the  amount  thus  received  is  not 
sufficient  to  pay  all  the  indebtedness  assumed  by  the  town,  the  difference  must  be 
raised  later  by  a  new  levy  upon  all  the  taxpayers  in  the  town  in  the  usual  manner 
of  raising  money  by  taxation 

The  defendant,  therefore,  as  a  corporate  body,  has  no  interest  in  the  valuation 
of  the  school  property  For  that  reason,  doubtless,  the  appraisal  was  left  to  its 
own  officers  chosen  to  appraise  and  assess  all  of  the  taxable  property  in  town, 
and  already  chosen  at  the  time  the  Act  was  passed  and  the  property  taken  over 

It  is  the  amount  of  the  indebtedness  in  which  the  town  is  interested,  and  it 
has  adequate  means  of  raising  the  necessary  amount  if  the  equalization  tax  fails  to 
produce  sufficient  Whether  the  appraisal  of  the  school  properties  was  too  great 
or  too  small  does  not  affect  the  defendant  In  the  case  before  us  the  court  has 


?909/ch  ^146         Sec-  J78     The    expenses    of    maintaining    public    schools 
Expenses          which  shall  be  incurred  with  the  approval  of  the  town  school 
how  paid          committee  shall  be  paid  by  the  town  treasurer  on  orders  drawn 
by  the  town  school  committee,  except  so  far  as  they  may  be 
met   by   the   income   from   local   school   funds.      Such   orders 
may  be  signed  by  such  persons  on  behalf  of  the  school  com- 
mittee as  the  committee  by  by-law  or  special  vote,  certified 
by  the  secretary  to  the  town  treasurer,  may  provide,  and  in 
the    absence    of    such    by-law    or    special    direction,    by    the 
secretary. 

?909  Jch  9*25i  Sec.  179  Any  town  not  assuming  control  of  the  public 
Payments  by  scno°ls  within  its  limits  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter, 
STmin^0*  which  receives  money,  under  the  provisions  of  section  177,  by 
reason  of  the  appraisement  of  the  property  of  any  school  dis- 
trict, parts  of  which  before  July  14,  1909,  belonged  to  different 
towns,  shall  pay  the  same  to  such  agent,  treasurer  or  com- 
mittee as  shall  be  chosen  by  those  qualified  to  vote  in  school 
meeting  belonging  to  that  part  of  such  district  in  said  town 
not  assuming  control  of  its  public  schools;  and  such  voters, 
in  meeting  called  by  any  five  of  their  number  or  by  the  select- 
men, by  notice  posted  conspicuously  in  such  part  of  said  dis- 

found  that  the  plaintiff's  property  was  properly  appraised,  its  value  being  the 
amount  of  the  appraisal,  $15,500.00  It  is  unnecessary,  therefore,  to  inquire 
whether  it  was,  as  claimed  by  the  defendant,  improper  to  leave  the  appraisal  of 
the  school  property  to  the  assessors  of  the  town  without  providing  for  a  hearing 
by  the  parties  interested,  because  the  defendant  is  not  an  interested  party  And 
as  none  of  the  defendant's  property  is  being  taken,  there  is  no  ground  for  its  claim 
•  that  it  is  being  deprived  of  its  property  without  due  process  of  law 

It  was  the  defendant's  duty  to  have  levied  this  equalization  tax  as  the  statute 
required  It  iS  claimed  in  behalf  of  the  defendant  that,  having  neglected  its  duty 
to  levy  the  tax  at  its  next  town  meeting  after  the  statute  was  passed,  it  cannot 
now  levy  such  a  tax  because  property  has  changed  hands,  new  buildings  have 
been  erected,  and  no  provision  is  made  in  the  Act  for  laying  the  tax  at  any  other 
time  than  at  the  annual  town  meeting  for  1909  upon  the  grand  list  for  that  year 
The  statute  does  not  prescribe  that  the  levy  shall  be  upon  the  grand  list  of  1909 
For  aught  that  appears  it  might  have  been  laid  upon  the  last  completed  grand  list 
as  well  as  upon  that  of  1909  The  law  made  it  mandatory  upon  the  town  to  pay 
the  indebtedness  of  the  districts,  and  provided  a  way  The  defendant  cannot  be 
heard  to  say  that  because  it  neglected  its  duty  at  the  time  prescribed  for  its  per- 
formance it  is  now  excused  from  performance  A  levy  upon  the  last  grand  list, 
or  upon  the  next  one,  will  answer  the  purposes  of  the  statute 

The  plaintiff  district  having  never  determined  that  any  stated  amount  of  its 
indebtedness  shall  be  owed  by  it  exclusively  and  shall  not  be  devolved  upon  the 
town,  this  in  not  a  case  where  both  the  district  and  town  have  acted  in  fixing  such 
stated  amounts  The  plaintiff,  therefore,  is  not  precluded  by  the  votes  of  the  town 
from  bringing  this  action 

The  Superior  Court  is  advised  to  grant  the  plaintiff's  first  prayer  for  relief, 
directing  that  the  equalization  tax  be  levied  upon  the  last  'completed  grand  list 
of  the  town 


trict  five  days  before  such  meeting,  may  do  all  acts  proper 
for  the  reception  and  care  of  such  money,  and  shall  expend 
the  same  for  public  school  purposes  for  the  benefit  of  the  in- 
habitants in  said  part  of  such  school  district  as  lies  in  the 
town  not  assuming  control  of  its  public  schools. 


CHAPTER    XI 
District  Committees  * 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  53,  page  344 

Sec.  1 80     The  committee  of  every  district  shall  give  due   G  s  sec  988 

Rev    1 902 

notice  of  all  meetings  of  the  district  ;2  may  call  a  special  meet-  Sec  2233 
ing  thereof  at  any  time,  and  shall  call  one  on  the  written  re-  P°tweesrs  and 
quest  of  one-fifth  or  of  ten  of  the  legal  voters  in  the  district 
stating  the  object  for  which  a  meeting  is  desired,  to  be  held 
within  fifteen  days  after  such  request  is  presented;  and  for 
any  failure  so  to  comply  with  such  request  they  shall  be  fined 
not  more  than  thirty  dollars.  They  shall  provide  suitable 
schoolrooms,  and  furnish  the  same  with  fuel  properly  prepared ; 
visit  the  schools,  by  one  or  more  of  their  number,  twice  at 
least  during  each  term;  shall,  when  the  scholars  are  not 
properly  supplied  with  books,  and  their  parents  are  too  poor 
to  furnish  them,  provide  the  same,  the  cost  thereof  to  be  in- 
cluded in  the  incidental  expenses  of  the  term;3  shall  suspend, 
or  expel  from  school  for  the  term,  or  for  any  part  thereof,  all 
pupils  found  guilty,  on  full  hearing,  of  incorrigibly  bad  con- 
duct; and  shall  give  such  information  and  assistance  to  the 
school  visitors  of  the  town  as  they  may  require. 

Sec  180  The  committeeman  of  a  school  district  is  a,  public  agent  22  C  383 
When  the  district  has  a  proper  schoolhouse  the  committee  cannot  provide  another 
schoolroom  elsewhere  28  C  333  Committee  must  conform  to  vote  of  district  and 
its  authority  de  schoolhouse  and  teacher  is  contingent  on  failure  of  district  to  act 
33  C  304,  305  Has  power  to  remove  teacher  unless  district  votes  otherwise  33 
C  304  Mandamus  will  lie  to  compel  committee  to  conform  to  order  of  district 
Ib  Previous  to  enactment  of  Sec  182,  committee  might  contract  with  teacher  for 
a  period  beyond  term  of  office  36  C  282  Committeeman  may  forcibly  remove 
scholar  41  C  446  Committee  may  act  as  a  board  by  a  majority  if  all  are  present 
or  have  notice  46  C  408  All  members  of  committee  have  equal  powers  71  C  737 
Not  within  law  forbidding  officer  to  furnish  supplies  unless  in  open  competition 
85  C  33 

1  Must  be  residents  of  district,  Sec  133 

2  Sec  122,  130,  162 

3  Sec  40 


72 

Rev  19029*9  Sec-  lSl     The  committee  shall  give  to  the  secretary  of  the 

1913,  ch34  182  board  of  school  visitors  notice  of  the  date  of  the  commence- 
Reports  rnent  and  close  of  each  school  term,  within  one  week  of  said 

commencement,  and  at  least  four  weeks  before  the  close, 
respectively,  and  each  committee  shall,  at  the  expiration  of  its 
term  of  office,  on  the  fifteenth  of  July  in  each  year,  or  within 
five  days  thereafter,  report  to  the  school  visitors  in  the  man- 
ner and  form  prescribed  by  the  state  board  of  education. 
They  shall  return  an  enumeration  of  the  children  residing  in 
the  district  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  September  in  each  year, 
in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  title;1  and  the  com- 
mittee of  every  district  formed  from  parts  of  two  or  more 
towns,  shall  make  such  return  to  the  school  visitors  of  each 
of  said  towns,  specifying  the  towns  to  which  each  person  so 
enumerated  belongs  ;2  and  shall  make  returns  to  the  secretary 
of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  having  jurisdiction 
over  the  district  of  the  receipts,  expenditures  and  statistics,  in 
accordance  with  blank  forms  furnished  by  the  secretary  of 
the  state  board  of  education.3 

Rev  1902"°  Sec.  1 82     No   committee    of   any    school    district    elected 

under  the  provisions  of  section  133,  shall  enter  into  any  con- 

£0™£atit°0n   of  tract  in  behalf  of  said  district  extending  beyond  the  expira- 

tracta  °°n        tion  of  the  term  for  which  he  may  have  been  elected,  without 

first  obtaining  at  a  meeting  of  said  district  legally  called  for 

that  purpose  a  majority  vote  in  favor  of  such  proposed  action.4 

CHAPTER  XII 
High  Schools 

General  Statutes,   Chapter  54,  page  345 

Rev  19Q2991  Sec.  I^3     Anv  town  may  establish  and  maintain  a  high 

Sec     2236        school  within  its  limits,  and  for  such  purpose  purchase,  re- 
High    schools  .          , 

may  be  ccive,  hold  and  convey  any  property,  build  and  repair  school- 

established  _      ,  .    .    • 

by  towns         houses,  lay  taxes  and  make  contracts  and  adopt  regulations 

for  the  management  of  such  school.5 

1  Sec  221 
a  Sec  245 
8  To  be  notified  of  estimates  and  appropriations  Sees  234  and  236 

4  Sec   133 

5  For   organization   of   Norwalk  high   school,   see   page   210 


73 

Sec.  184     Any  town  which  is  not  a  consolidated  district  ^  £902"* 
may  choose  by  ballot  at  its  annual  town  meeting1  a  committee1  Sec    2237 
of  three,  four  or  five  residents  of  the  town,  who  shall  have  Hi*h   sch°o1 

committee, 

all  such  powers  and  be  subject  to  such  duties  in  relation  to  how  ch<>sen 

such  schools  as  are  by  law  imposed  upon  district  committees 

in  relation  to  district  schools.2     If  the  number  to  be  chosen  is 

three  or  four,  no  person  shall  vote  for  mCre  than  two ;  if  five, 

for  not  more  than  three.    The  number  of  persons  sufficient  to 

fill  the  committee  who  have  the  highest  number  of  votes  shall 

be  elected.     In  case  of  a  tie  that  person  whose  name  stands 

first  or  highest   on   the  greatest  number  of  ballots   shall   be 

elected. 

Sec.  185     When  any  town  shall  maintain  any  such  high  G  s  sec  993 

,       r        ,  .    .  Rev    1902 

school,  the  board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee,   Sec    2233 
as  the  case  may  be,  shall  prescribe  rules  for  the  admission  of  Duties  of 
scholars,  and  for  their  studies,  books  and  classification ;  exam-  committee 
ine  all  candidates  for  teachers  in  such  school  and  give  to  those  visitors 
of  satisfactory  moral  character,  literary  attainments  and  ability 
to  teach,  a  certificate  stating  what  branches  they  are  found 
capable  of  teaching;  visit  such  school  at  least  twice  during 
each  term;  may  revoke  the  certificate  of  any  teacher,  at  any 
time,  for  the  causes  provided  in  section  199.    In  towns  having 
no  school  committee  the  school  visitors  may  appoint  a  high 
school  committee  whenever  the  town  fails  to  elect  one;  and 
such  committee,  so  appointed,  shall  have  the  same  powers  and 
duties  as  if  appointed  by  the  town.3 

Sec.  1 86     Any  town  in  which  a  high  school  is  not  main-  G  s  sec  994 

Rev    1902 

tained  shall  pay  the  whole  or  any  part  of  the  tuition  fee  of  Sec    2239 
any  child  who  resides  with  his  parents  or  guardian  in  said  Tuition  in 
town,  and  who,  with  the  written  consent  of  the  school  visitors,  when  paid 
or  town  school  committee,  attends  a  high  school  in  another 
town,  provided,  the  high  school  shall  be  approved  by  the  state 
board  of  education.     Such  tuition  fees  shall  be  paid  annually 
by  the  town  treasurer  upon  the  order  of  the  chairman  of  the 
board  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee. 


1  Sec  268  x 

2  Chapter   xi,   page    71  May   employ   and    dismiss   teachers,    sec  202 

3  Sees    69,    268 


74 

Rev  1902995  Sec.  l87  Every  town  shall  annually  in  July  receive  from 

the  treasurer  of  the  state  an  amount  equal  to  two-thirds  of 

meat  "in  the  aggregate  of  the  sums  which  have  been  actually  paid  by 
the  town  for  tuition  fees  under  the  provisions  of  section  186; 
provided,  not  more  than  thirty  dollars  shall  be  paid  by  the 
state  for  each  scholar  attending  from  any  town. 

Rev  ¥90!^  Sec.  1 88     The    number    and    names    of    the    children    so 

i9ii,  ?h41 143   attending  high  schools  in  towns   other  than  those  in  which 

Number   and    they  reside,  and  the  high  schools  which  they  have  attended, 

3Jffderen°£to       shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year,  be  certified 

under  oath,  by  an  acting  school  visitor  or  the  secretary  of  the 

town  school  committee  of  the  town  in  which  the  pupils  reside, 

to  the  state  board  of  education.1     The  comptroller  shall,  on 

application  of  said  board,  draw  an  order  on  the  treasurer  in 

favor  of  the  town  for  the  amount  provided  in  section  187. 

fpoi/ch  "is?         Sec.  189     The  state  board  of  education  may  examine  any 
1907,  ch    90     incorporated  or  endowed  high  school  or  academy  in  this  state, 
children  °in       an<^  ^  ^  appears  that  said  school  or  academy  has  a  satisfac- 
hightownhs°°ls     tory  high  school  course  of  study  and  sufficient  equipment  for 
those  inan        high  school  instruction,  said  board  shall  approve  said  school 
7ehsfee  they       or  academy  under   the  provisions   of  this   chapter,   and   any 
town  in  which  a  high  school  is  not  maintained  shall  pay  the 
whole  or  a  part  of  the  tuition  fee  of  scholars  attending  such 
school  or  academy,  and  such  town  shall  be  reimbursed  there- 
for by  the  state  under  the  terms  and  conditions  of  this  chapter. 

f9dl/ch99i82  Sec.  190  Any  town  in  which  a  high  school  is  not  main- 
Transporta-  tained  shall  pay  the  reasonable  and  necessary  cost  of  railway 
to™npai<  by  or  other  transportation  of  any  child  who  resides  with  his 
parents  or  guardian  in  said  town  and  who,  with  the  written 
consent  of  the  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee, 
attends  a  high  school  in  another  town ;  provided,  such  high 
school  be  approved  by  the  state  board  of  education.  Such 
necessary  and  reasonable  cost  of  railway  or  other  transporta- 
tion shall  be  paid  annually  by  the  town  treasurer  upon  the 
order  of  the  chairman  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  or  town 
school  committee. 


Blanks  are  furnished  by  state  board  of  education;  see  note  Sec  5 


75 

Sec.  191     Every  town  shall,  annually,  in  July,  receive  from  ^  we  999^ 

the  treasurer  of  the  state  an  amount  equal  to  one-half  of  the  n 

*  i  own   re- 

aggregate  of  the  sums  which  have  actually  been  paid  by  the  imtmrsed  in 

town  for  transportation  under  the  provisions  of  section  190; 
provided,  not  more  than  twenty  dollars  shall  be  paid  by  the 
state  for  each  scholar  conveyed. 

Sec.  192     The  number  and  names  of  the  children  so  con-  G  s  sec  1000 
veyed  to  high  schools  in  towns  other  than  those  in  which  they 
reside,  the  names  of  the  high  schools  which  they  have  attended,  state  board 
and  the  amount  paid  by  the  town  for  the  conveyance  of  each 
child  shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year,  be 
certified  to  the  state  board  of  education  by  an  acting  school 
visitor,  under  oath,  of  the  town  in  which  the  children  reside. 
On  application  of  said  board  the  comptroller  shall  draw  an 
order  on  the  treasurer  of  the  state  in  favor  of  the  town  for 
the  amount  provided  in  section  191. 

Sec.  103     The  town  of  Middletown  shall  pay  the  whole  or  G  s  sec  1001 

£  £  1-11  1-1  -11-  191S»     Ch         327 

any  part  of  the  tuition  fee  of  any  child  who  resides  with  his 

1-          •        1  ,.         .  ,  r   TX/T.  1  11  Reimburse- 

parents  or  guardian  in  that  part  of  said  town  of  Middletown  ment  by  state 
which  is  not  included  in  the  city  district  of  said  town  and  who,  schoof  tuition 

•    •  *°  town  of 

with  the  written  consent  of  the  school  visitors,  attends  a  high  Middletown 

school,  provided,  the  high  school  shall  be  approved  by  the 

state  board   of   education.      Such   tuition   fee   shall   be   paid 

annually  by  the  town  treasurer  of  Middletown  upon  the  order 

of  the  chairman  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  said  town. 

The  town  of  Middletown  shall,  annually,  in  July,  receive  from 

the  treasurer  of  the  state  an  amount  equal  to  two-thirds  of 

the  aggregate  of  the  sums  which  have  been  paid  by  the  town 

for  tuition  fees  under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  provided, 

not  more  than  thirty  dollars  shall  be  paid  by  the  state  for  each 

scholar  so  attending  from  said  part  of  the  town  of  Middletown. 

The  number  and  names   of   the  children   so  attending  high 

schools  and  the  high  schools  which  they  shall  attend  shall,  on 

or  before  the  first  of  July  in  each  year,  be  certified  under  oath 

by  the  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  of 

Middletown  to  the  state  board  of  education.    The  comptroller 

shall,   on   application   of   said  board,   draw   an   order   on   the 

treasurer  in  favor  of  the  town  for  the  amount  provided  for 

in  this  section. 


76 


J     JC 


907    ch      6  Sec.  I94     Any  town  m  which  a  high  school  is  maintained 

Transporta-       may>  at  anv  annual  or  special  meeting,  authorize  and  instruct 
school0*  pupils    ^e  h^h  scno°l  committee,  board  of  school  visitors  or  town 
school  committee,  as  the  case  may  be,  to  provide  for  the  trans- 
portation, to  and  from  such  school,  of  any  pupil  attending  such 
school  and  residing  within  the  limits  of  such  town,  or  pay 
the  whole  or  a  part  of  the  reasonable  and  necessary  cost  thereof. 
1917  *ch  *°292         ^ec*  J95     ^ny  high  school  pupil  over  fourteen  years  of 
hi      a^e'   wh°   sna^   volunteer   and   be   accepted    for   agricultural 
pupils  for         work  on  a  farm,  shall  be  permitted  to  re-enter  school  without 

farm    work 

loss  of  standing  by  reason  of  absence,  provided,  such  pupil 
maintains  the  standard  prescribed  by  the  committee  of  food 
supply  and  receives  a  certificate  signed  by  the  governor.  This 
section  shall  not  be  operative  after  the  rising  of  the  general 
assembly  at  its  January  session,  1919. 


CHAPTER  XIII 
School  Libraries  and  Apparatus 

General   Statutes,    Chapter   55,   page   348 

G  s  sec  1004          Sec.  196     The  treasurer  of  the  state,  upon  the  order  of 
Sec    2242,       the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education,   shall  pay  ten 

1913,    ch      167      ,    ..  ,        i     ,.    ,    . -  ...     . 

dollars  to  every  school  district,  and  to  every  town  maintaining 
a  high  school,  which  shall  raise  by  tax  or  otherwise  a  like  sum 
for  the  same  purpose,  to  establish  within  such  district,  or  for 
the  use  of  such  high  school,  a  school  library  composed  of  books 
of  reference,  and  other  books  to  be  used  in  connection  with 
school  work,1  and  to  procure  maps,  globes  or  any  proper 
geographical,  philosophical  and  chemical  apparatus;  and  the 
further  sum  of  five  dollars  annually,2  upon  a  like  order,  to 
every  such  district  or  town  which  has  raised  a  like  sum  for  the 
current  year  for  maintaining  or  replenishing  such  library  or 
apparatus.  If  the  number  of  scholars  in  actual  attendance3  in 
any  such  district  or  high  school  exceeds  one  hundred  the 
treasurer  shall  pay  ten  dollars  in  the  first  instance,  and  five 
dollars  annually  thereafter,  for  every  one  hundred  or  fractional 

1  Does  not  include  supplementary  reading;   see  Sec  74 

2  The  library  year  coincides  with  the  calender  year 

3  Actual   attendance  means   number   of  different    scholars   in   school   year 


77 

part  of  a  hundred  scholars  in  excess  of  the  first  hundred.  The 
expense  incurred  by  any  district  in  accordance  with  the  pro- 
visions of  this  section  may  be  included  with  its  incidental  ex- 
penses, to  be  defrayed  in  the  manner  provided  in  this  title 
for  such  incidental  expenses.  The  selection  of  all  books  and 
apparatus  shall  be  made  or  approved  by  the  board  of  school 
visitors,  or  the  town  school  committee,  which  shall  also  pre- 
scribe the  rules  for  their  management,  use  and  safe-keeping.1 
Sec.  197  The  town  school  committee  or  the  joint  board  of 
selectmen  and  school  visitors  in  each  town  may  appropriate  G  s  sec  1005 

Rev     1902 

money  for  the  purchase  of  books  and  apparatus  to  be  used  Sec  2243 
in  the  public  schools  of  the  town.  The  money  thus  appropri-  Purchase  of 
ated  shall  be  expended  by  a  committee  on  libraries  and  apparatus 
apparatus,  annually  appointed  by  the  town  school  committee 
or  school  visitors,  to  whom  the  treasurer  of  the  town  shall  pay 
such  money  upon  the  written  order  of  such  committee.  The 
treasurer  of  the  state  upon  the  order  of  the  secretary  of  the 
state  board  of  education  shall  annually  pay  said  committee 
five  dollars  for  every  public  school  within  said  town,  and  if 
the  number  of  scholars  in  any  public  school  within  the  town 
exceeds  one  hundred,  the  treasurer  shall  annually  pay  to  said 
committee  five  dollars  for  every  one  hundred  scholars  and 
fractional  part  of  one  hundred  scholars  in  actual  attendance 
at  such  school;  but  no  greater  amount  shall  be  paid  to  such 
committee  by  the  state  than  is  paid  during  the  same  year  by 
the  town  for  the  same  purpose ;  provided,  any  amount  paid  by 
the  state  under  section  196  to  any  district  or  for  any  high  school 
within  said  town  shall  be  deducted  from  the  amount  payable 
tinder  this  section.  The  books  and  apparatus  so  purchased 
shall  remain  the  property  of  the  town  and  under  the  care  and 
control  of  said  committee. 

Sec.  198  t  The    state   board    of   education    shall    keep   an  ^  "f^g06 
account  of  the  money  drawn  and  paid  out  for  school  libraries   Sec     2244 
and  philosophical  apparatus  pursuant  to  this  chapter,  and  the  £fc™J*  of 
comptroller  shall  annually  audit  such  account  s  to  be 


1  Teachers    may    ask    advice    and    assistance    of    the    Connecticut    public    library 
committee,   Sec     283 


CHAPTER  XIV 


G  S  sec  1007 
Rev       1902 
Sec      2245 


Teachers1 

General    Statutes,    Chapter    56,   page   349 

Sec.  199  School  visitors,  town  school  committees  or 
boards  of  education  shall,  as  a  board,  or  by  a  committee  by 
them  appointed,  examine  all  persons  desiring  to  teach  in  the 
public  schools  ;  and  give  to  those  with  whose  moral  character 
and  ability  they  are  satisfied,  if  found  qualified  to  teach  read- 
ing, writing,  arithmetic  and  grammar,  the  rudiments  of  geog- 
raphy and  history,  and  the  rudiments  of  drawing  if  required2  a 
certificate  authorizing  the  holder  to  teach  in  any  public  school 
in  the  town  or  district  so  long  as  desired,  without  further  ex- 

Sec  199  Teacher  may  be  discharged  by  the  district;  and  in  absence  of 
action  by  the  district,  may  be  discharged  by  the  committee  33  C  304  If 
improperly  discharged  by  the  committee  the  district  may  compel  reinstatement  33 
C  305,  306  General  certificate  of  teacher  is  sufficient  in  any  district  of  the  town 
where  issued  36  C  282  Previous  to  enactment  of  Sec  182,  a  teacher  might  be 
employed  by  the  committee  for  a  period  extending  beyond  committee's  term  of 
office  36  C  282  Is  not  a  public  officer  in  ordinary  sense  of  word;  his  wages  are 
subject  to  attachment  53  C  509  Status  of  teacher,  as  to  district  Ib  Interest  of 
town  in  moral  fitness  of  teacher;  may  defend  action  brought  against  school  officers 
for  statements  as  to  79  C  237  Statement  as  to  qualifications  of  teacher  made  in 
report  of  superintendent  held  priviledged  81  C  293 

1  a     May  be  employed  by  — 
school  visitors     §  §    38   202 
board  of  education     §  64 
district     §111 

town  committees     §  §  38,   153,  174 
v     high  school  committees     §   184 
b     May  be  examined  by  — 
i     state  board  of  education     §  200 
ii     school  visitors     §  199 
iii     boards   of   education      §  64 
iv     town  committee     §  153 

c     Make  eyesight  tests     §  205 

d     Shall  be  paid  once  a  month  unless  district  vote  otherwise     §  238 
e     The  reasonableness  of  the  punishment  administered  by  a  school  teacher 
to  a  pupil  is  purely  a  question  of  fact     53  Conn  481 

/  A  school  teacher  has  a  right  to  require  obedience  to  reasonable  rules 
and  a  proper  submission  to  his  authority,  and  to  inflict  punishment  for  disobedi- 
ence Ib 

In  the  absence  of  rules  established  by  the  school  board  or  other  proper  author- 
ity, the  teacher  has  a  right  to^make  all  necessary  and  proper  rules  for  the  regula- 
tion of  the  school  Ib 

In  inflicting  corporal  punishment  the  teacher  must  be  governed,  as  to  the  mode 
and  severity  of  it,  by  the  nature  of  the  offense,  and  by  the  age,  size,  and  physical 
condition  of  the  pupil  Where  a  boy  has  been  habitually  refractory  and  dis- 
obedient, the  teacher,  in  punishing  him  for  a  particular  offense,  may  take  into 
consideration  his  habitual  disobedience  Ib 

And  it  is  not  necessary  that  he  should  inform  the  pupil  at  the  time  that  he  is 
punishing  him  for  his  past  as  well  as  present  misconduct     Ib 
2  Sec  17,  33 


79 

amination  unless  specially  ordered;  such  certificate  may  limit 
the  authority  to  teach  to  a  specified  time  or  in  a  specified 
school.  No  certificate  to  teach  in  grades  above  the  third  in 
graded  schools  nor  in  classes  corresponding  to  such  grades  in 
ungraded  schools  shall  be  granted  to  any  person  who  has  not 
passed  a  satisfactory  examination  in  hygiene,  including  the 
effects  of  alcohol  and  narcotics  on  health  and  character.1  If  a 
person  is  examined  and  found  qualified  to  teach  branches 
other  than  those  required  in  all  cases,  such  branches  shall  be 
named  in  his  certificate.  Said  certificate  shall  be  signed  by  a 
majority  of  the  board  or  committee  or  by  all  the  members  of 
the  committee  appointed  to  examine.  They  may  revoke  the 
certificates  of  such  teachers  as  shall  at  any  time  be  found  in- 
competent to  teach  or  to  manage  a  school,  or  fail  to  conform 
to  their  requirements. 

Sec.  200     The  state  board  of  education  may,  upon  public  G  s  sec  1008 

J'  Rev       1902 

examination  in  such  branches  and  upon  such  terms  as  it  may  Sec    2246 
prescribe,  grant  a  certificate  of  qualification  to  teach  in  any  state  board 

./of  education 

public  school  in  the  state,  and  may  revoke  the  same.     The  may  grant 
certificate  of  qualification  issued  under  this  section  shall  be 
accepted  by  boards  of  school  visitors,  boards. of  education  and 
town  school  committees  in  lieu  of  any  other  examination.2 

Sec.  201     No   teacher   shall   be   employed   in   any   school  G  s  sec  1009 

f  .  Rev     19°2 

receiving  any  portion  of  its  support  from  the  public  money  Sec   2247 

until  he  has  received  a  certificate  of  approbation  in  accordance  Teacher   must 

have    certifi- 

with   the  provisions   of   this   chapter;   nor   shall   any   teacher  cate 
be  entitled  to  any  'wages,  so  far  as  the  same  are  paid  out  of 
any  public  money  appropriated  to  schools,3  unless  he  can  pro- 
duce such  certificate,   dated  previous  to  the  opening  of  his 
school. 

Sec.  202     Town   school  committees,   boards   of  education  G  s  sec  iow 
and   high   school   and    district   committees,    unless    otherwise  Sec   2248 
directed  by  the  district  or  ordered  by  the  town,  shall  employ  Who  may 
and  dismiss  the  teachers  for  the  schools  of  their  respective 
towns  or  districts;  but  no  district  committee  shall  employ  a 
teacher  for  a  longer  period  of  time  than  that  for  which  he 
may  have  been  elected  without  first  obtaining,  at  a  meeting 

iSec  76 

2  Sees  153,  174,  185,  199 

8  Chapter  xvi 


8o 


G  S  sec  ion 
Rev      1902 
Sec     2249 

Teacher    not 
to    be    a 
school    visitor 


G  S  sec  1012 
Rev       1902 
Sec     2250 

Teacher  to 
keep    register 


G  S  sec  1013 
Rev       1902 
Sec       2251 

Eyesight  of 
pupils  to  be 
tested 


of  said  district  legally  called  for  that  purpose,  a  majority  vote 
in  favor  of  such  proposed  action.  Any  town,  unless  otherwise 
provided,  may  direct  the  school  visitors  to  employ  the  teachers 
for  all  public  schools  of  the  town  for  such  terms  of  the 
schools  as  it  may  specify.1 

Sec.  203  No  person  elected  to  the  office  of  school  visitor 
or  town  school  committee  shall  be  employed  as  teacher  in  the 
town  where  he  is  school  visitor  or  member  of  the  town  school 
committee.  If  any  school  visitor  or  member  of  the  town 
school  committee  shall  be  employed  contrary  to  the  provisions 
of  this  section,  the  office  of  school  visitor  or  town  school  com- 
mittee to  which  he  was  elected  shall  become  vacant. 

Sec.  204  The  teacher  of  every  public  school  shall  cor- 
rectly keep  the  school  register  provided  by  the  state,  in  the 
manner  and  form  required  by  the  state  board  of  education,2 
and  at  the  end  of  each  school  term,  and  before  said  teacher 
shall  leave  such  school,  shall  certify  in  writing  to  the  correct- 
ness of  the  same,3  and  immediately  deliver  it  to  the  secretary 
of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  committee  or  board 
of  education  having  jurisdiction  over  such  school;  and  no 
teacher  shall  receive  any  pay  except  for  such  time  as  the  regis- 
ter has  been  legally  kept  and  certified. 

Sec.  205  The  state  board  of  education  shall  prepare  or 
cause  to  be  prepared  suitable  test  cards  and  blanks  to  be  used 
in  testing  the  eyesight  of  the  pupils  in  public  schools,  and  shall 
furnish  the  same,  together  with  all  necessary  instructions  for 
their  use,  free  of  expense,  to  every  school  in  the  state.  The 
superintendent,  principal  or  teacher,  in  every  school,  during  the 
fall  term  in  the  year  1919  and  triennially  thereafter,  shall  test 
the  eyesight  of  all  pupils  under  his  charge  according  to  the 
instructions  furnished,  and  shall  notify  in  writing  the  parent 
or  guardian  of  every  pupil  who  shall  be  found  to  have  any 
defect  of  vision  or  disease  of  the  eyes,  with  a  brief  statement 
of  such  defect  or  disease,  and  shall  make  a  written  report  of 
all  such  cases  to  the  state  board  of  education. 


!Sec     111 
2  Sec     5 
8  Sec  79 


8i 

Sec.  206     Any   town   or  school   district   may   appropriate  f91^/chIO 
such  sum  as  may  be  necessary  to  construct,  lease  and  maintain  Homes  for 
a  home  for  teachers  while  employed  by  such  town  or  school  teachers 
district,  and  may  provide  transportation  for  such  teachers  to 
and  from  the  schools  in  which  such  teachers  are  employed. 


CHAPTER  XV 
Retirement  System  for  Teachers 

General   Statutes,   Chapter   57,   page   351 

Sec.  207  Words  and  phrases  as  used  in  this  chapter,  c  s  sec^  1 
unless  a  different  meaning  is  plainly  required  by  the  context,  Defil]itions 
shall  have  the  following  meanings :  "  Retirement  system  " 
shall  mean  the  arrangement  provided  in  this  chapter  for  pay- 
ment of  annuities  and  pensions  to  teachers ;  "  annuities  "  shall 
mean  payments  for  life  derived  from  contributions  from 
teachers :  "  pensions  "  shall  mean  payments  for  life  derived 
from  contributions  from  the  state ;  "  teacher  "  shall  mean  any 
teacher,  principal,  supervisor  or  superintendent  engaged  in 
the  service  of  the  public  schools ;  "  public  school "  shall  mean 
any  day  school  conducted  within  this  state  under  the  orders 
and  superintendence  of  a  duly  elected  school  committee  or 
board  of  education,  including  the  state  board  of  education ; 
"  regular  interest "  shall  mean  interest,  at  the  rate  determined 
by  the  retirement  board,  and  shall  be  substantially  that  which 
is  earned  by  the  funds  of  the  retirement  association  com- 
pounded annually  on  the  last  day  of  December ;  "  retirement 
board  "  shall  mean  the  teachers'  retirement  board,  as  provided 
for  in  section  209 ;  "  retirement  association  "  shall  mean  the 
teachers'  retirement  association,  as  provided  for  in  section 
208 ;  "  expense  fund  "  shall  mean  the  fund  provided  for  in 
paragraph  (i)  in  section  210;  "annuity  fund"  shall  mean  the 
fund  provided  for  in  paragraph  (2)  in  section  210;  "pension 
fund"  shall  mean  the  fund  provided  for  in  paragraph  (3)  in 
section  210;  "  school  year  "  shall  mean  the  twelve  months  from 
and  including  the  first  day  of  July  of  any  year  to  and  includ- 
ing the  thirtieth  day  of  June  next  succeeding ;  "  assessments  " 
shall  mean  the  annual  payments  to  the  annuity  fund  by  mem- 
bers of  the  association. 


82 


C  S  sec  1016 
1917,    ch      411 
Rev      1918 
Sec       1016 
1919   Chap 
270     Sec     1 

Retirement 
system       Re- 
tirement    as- 
sociation 
Members 
Dues 

Organization 
of  teachers' 
retirement 
association 


G  S  sec  1017 
1917,    ch      411 

Manage- 
ment   of    re- 
tirement 
system     Re- 
tirement 
board 
Powers 


Sec.  208  A  teachers'  retirement  association  shall  be 
organized  among  the  teachers  in  the  public  schools  as  follows : 
All  teachers,  except  as  hereinafter  provided,  who  enter  the 
service  of  the  public  schools  for  the  first  time  on  or  after  July 
i,  1917,  shall  become  thereby  members  of  the  association.  Any 
teacher,  who  shall  have  entered  the  service  of  the  public 
schools  before  June  30,  1917,  may  at  any  time  on  or  before 
September  30,  1917,  upon  application  in  writing  to  the  secre- 
tary of  the  retirement  association,  become  a  member  of  the 
association.  Any  such  teacher  failing  to  do  so  may  thereafter 
become  a  member  of  the  retirement  association  by  paying  an 
amount  equal  to  the  total  assessments,  with  regular  interest 
thereon,  that  he  would  have  paid  if  he  had  joined  the  retire- 
ment association  on  September  30,  1917.  Any  teacher  who 
shall  have  attained  the  age  of  sixty-five  years  and  shall  have 
taught  at  least  forty  years  in  the  public  schools,  twenty-five  of 
which  shall  have  been  in  this  state,  and  who,  prior  to  June 
30,  1917,  shall  have  retired  from  active  teaching  because  of 
physical  incapacity  for  further  service,  may,  at  the  discretion 
of  the  retirement  board,  become  a  member  of  the  retirement 
association.  Such  retired  teachers  shall  thereupon  be  entitled 
to  receive  an  annual  pension  so  long  as  he  shall  live,  at  the 
rate  to  which  he  would  be  entitled  had  he  become  a  member 
of  said  association  as  an  active  teacher  on  September  30,  1917, 
provided  no  pension  paid  such  retired  teacher  shall  amount 
to  less  than  three  hundred  nor  more  than  five  hundred  dollars 
per  year. 

Sec.  209  The  management  of  the  retirement  system  is 
vested  in  the  teachers'  retirement  board  which  shall  consist  of 
five  members.  The  insurance  commissioner,  the  bank  commis- 
sioner and  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  shall 
be  members  of  this  board.  The  other  members  of  the  retire- 
ment board  are  the  two  persons  from  the  teaching  force  of 
the  state,  appointed  by  the  governor,  one  to  serve  until  July  i, 
1919,  and  one  to  serve  until  July  i,  1921.  On  or  before  June 
15,  1919,  and  biennially  thereafter,  the  members  of  the  retire- 
ment association  shall  elect  from  their  number,  in  a  manner 
to  be  prescribed  by  the  retirement  board,  one  person  to  serve 
upon  the  retirement  board  for  a  term  of  four  years  beginning 
July  first  following  his  election.  If  a  vacancy  occur  in  the 


83 

positions  filled  by  members  of  the  retirement  association,  the 
retirement  board  shall  elect  a  member  of  the  retirement  asso- 
ciation to  fill  the  unexpired  term.  The  members  of  the  retire- 
ment board  shall  serve  without  compensation,  but  they  shall  be 
reimbursed  from  the  expense  fund  of  the  retirement  associa- 
tion for  any  expenditures  or  loss  of  salary  or  wages  which  they 
may  incur  through  service  on  the  board.  All  claims  for 
reimbursement  on  this  account  shall  be  subject  to  the  approval 
of  the  board  of  control.  The  retirement  board  shall  have 
power  to  make  by-laws  and  regulations  not  inconsistent  with 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  and  to  employ  a  secretary,  who 
shall  give  a  surety  bond  in  such  amount  as  the  board  shall 
approve,  and  clerical  and  other  assistance  as  may  be  neces- 
sary. The  salaries  shall  be  paid  by  the  board  with  the 
approval  of  the  board  of  control.  The  retirement  'board  shall 
provide  for  the  payment  of  retirement  allowances  and  such 
other  expenditures  as  are  required  by  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter.  The  retirement  board  shall  adopt  for  the  retire- 
ment system  one  or  more  mortality  tables,  and  may,  from  time 
to  time,  modify  such  tables  or  prescribe  other  tables  to,  repre- 
sent more  accurately  the  expense  of  the  retirement  system. 
The  retirement  'board  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as  are  re- 
quired for  the  execution  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

Sec.  210     The  funds  of  the  retirement  system  shall  con-  c  ^  «c 
sist  of  an  expense  fund,  an  annuity  fund  and  a  pension  fund. 


(i)   The  expense  fund  shall  consist  of  such  amounts  as  shall  sist  of  ex- 

pense,    an- 

be  appropriated  by  the  general  assembly  from  year  to  year  on  nutty  and 
estimates  submitted  by  the  retirement  board  to  defray  the  funds 
expenses  of  the  administration  of  this  chapter,  exclusive  of 
the  payment  of  retirement  allowances.  (2)  The  annuity 
fund  shall  consist  of  assessments  paid  by  members  of  the 
retirement  association,  and  interest  derived  from  investments 
of  the  annuity  fund.  Each  member  of  the  retirement  asso- 
ciation shall  pay  into  the  annuity  fund  in  the  manner  pro- 
vided in  section  214,  five  per  centum  of  his  annual  salary, 
provided,  when  the  total  sum  of  assessments  on  the  salary 
of  any  member  at  the  rate  of  five  per  centum  would  amount 
to  more  than  one  hundred  dollars  or  less  than  twenty-five 
dollars  for  any  school  year  such  member  shall,  in  lieu  of 
assessments  at  the  regular  rate,  be  assessed  one  hundred  dol- 


84 


Rev   1918 
Sec  1019 
1919  ch  270 
Sec  2 
1917,  ch  411 

Teacher; 

retirement 

Pension 


Retirement 
Allowances 


lars  a  year  or  twenty-five  dollars  a  year,  as  the  case  may  be, 
payable  in  equal  instalments  to  be  assessed  for  the  number 
of  months  during  which  the  schools  of  the  community  in 
which  such  member  is  employed  are  commonly  in  session. 
Any  member  of  the  retirement  association  who  shall  for  thirty 
years  have  paid  regular  assessments  to  the  annuity  fund,  as 
herein  provided,  shall  be  exempt  from  further  assessments; 
but  such  member  may  thereafter,  if  he  so  elects,  continue  to 
pay  his  assessments  to  the  fund.  No  member  so  electing  shall 
pay  further  assessments  after  the  total  sum  of  assessments 
paid  by  him  shall  at  any  time  have  amounted,  with  regular 
interest,  to  a  sum  sufficient  to  purchase  an  annuity  of  five 
hundred  dollars  at  age  sixty;  and  interest  thereafter  accumu- 
lating shall  be  paid  to  the  member  at  the  time  of  his  retire- 
ment. (3)  The  pension  fund  shall  consist  of  such  amounts 
as  shall  be  appropriated  by  the  general  assembly  from  time  to 
time  on  estimates  submitted  by  the  retirement  board,  for  the 
purpose  of  paying  the  pensions  provided  for  in  this  chapter. 

Sec.  211  Any  member  of  the  retirement  association  may 
retire  from  service  in  the  public  schools  on  attaining  the  age 
of  sixty  years  or  on  the  completion  of  thirty-five  years  of 
service,  not  less  than  twenty  of  which  shall  have  been  in  the 
public  schools  of  this  state  and  not  less  than  five  of  which 
shall  immediately  precede  retirement.  Any  member  of  the 
retirement  association,  if  incapable  of  rendering  satisfactory 
service  as  a  teacher,  may,  with  the  approval  of  the  retirement 
board,  be  retired  by  the  employing  school  board  on  attaining 
the  age  of  fifty-five  years,  or  at  any  time  thereafter.  Any 
member  of  the  retirement  association  on  attaining  the  age 
of  seventy  years,  shall  be  retired  from  service  in  the  public 
schools ;  provided,  if  the  employing  committee  shall  so  request 
in  writing,  the  retirement  board  may  permit  the  employment  of 
such  member  beyond  the  age  of  seventy  years,  and  on  the 
retirement  of  such  member  he  shall  receive  from  the  state 
the  pension  to  which  he  would  have  been  entitled  at  the  age  of 
seventy.  A  member  of  the  retirement  association  after  his 
retirement  under  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be 
entitled  to  receive  from  the  annuity  fund,  as  he  shall  elect  at 
the  time  of  his  retirement,  on  the  basis  of  tables  adopted  by 
the  retirement  board ;  an  annuity,  payable  in  monthly  pay- 


85 

ments,  to  which  the  sum  of  his  assessments  under  the  provi- 
sions of  section  210,  with  regular  interest  thereon,  shall  entitle 
him,  or  an  annuity  of  less  amount  as  determined  by  the  retire- 
ment board  for  the  annuitants  electing  such  option  payable  in 
monthly  payments,  with  the  provision  that  on  the  death  of  the 
annuitant,  the  annuity  shall  be  continued  to  and  throughout 
the  life  of  such  person  as  he  shall  nominate  by  written  designa- 
tion duly  acknowledged  and  filed  with  the  retirement  board  at 
the  time  of  his  retirement.  The  retirement  board  may  offer 
benefits  of  equal  value  with  the  benefits  herein  provided  and 
the  contributor  retiring  may  accept  the  benefits  herein  pro- 
vided or  one  of  said  alternate  benefits  in  lieu  thereof.  Any 
person  receiving  payments  of  an  annuity  as  provided  in  this 
section  shall  receive  with  each  monthly  payment  of  his  annuity 
an  equal  amount  to  be  paid  from  the  pension  fund  as  directed 
by  the  retirement  board.  Any  teacher  who  shall  have  become 
a  member  of  the  retirement  association  under  the  provisions 
of  section  208,  and  who  shall  have  served  fifteen  years  or 
more  in  the  public  schools  of  the  state,  not  less  than  five  of 
which  shall  immediately  precede  retirement,  shall,  on  retiring 
or  being  retired  as  provided  in  this  section,  be  entitled  to 
receive  a  retirement  allowance  as  follows:  Such  annuity 
and  pension  as  may  be  due  under  the  provisions  of  this  sec- 
tion; an  additional  pension  to  such  an  amount  that  the  sum 
of  this  additional  pension  and  the  pension  hereinbefore  pro- 
vided in  this  section  shall  equal  the  pension  to  which  he  would 
have  been  entitled  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  if  he  had 
paid  thirty  assessments  on  his  average  yearly  wage  for  the 
five  years  preceding  his  retirement,  with  interest  thereon  at 
three  per  centum  compounded  annually;  provided  if  his  term 
of  service  in  the  state  shall  have  been  over  thirty  years,  the 
thirty  assessments  shall  be  reckoned  as  having  begun  at  the 
time  of  his  entering  service  and  as  drawing  interest  at  three 
per  centum  compounded  annually  until  the  time  of  his  retire- 
ment; and  further  provided,  if  the  sum  of  such  additional 
pension,  with  the  annuity  and  pension  provided  for  by  this 
section,  is  less  than  three  hundred  dollars  in  any  one  year,  an 
additional  sum  sufficient  to  make  an  annual  retirement  allow- 
ance of  three  hundred  dollars  shall  be  paid  from  the  pension 
fund.  If  at  any  time  it  is  impossible  or  impracticable  to  con- 


86 


G  S  sec  1020 
1917,  ch     411, 

Amount     due 
teacher  on 
withdrawal 
from  service 


suit  the  original  records  as  to  wages  received  by  a  member 
during  any  period,  the  retirement  board  shall  determine  the 
pension  to  be  paid  under  the  provisions  of  this  section  in 
accordance  with  such  evidence  as  it  may  be  able  to  obtain. 

Sec.  212  Any  member  of  the  retirement  association  with- 
drawing from  service  in  the  public  schools  before  becoming 
-eligible  to  retirement  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  from  the 
annuity  fund  all  amounts  contributed  as  assessments,  with 
regular  interest  thereon,  in  one  sum  or  in  four  quarterly  pay- 
ments as  the  retirement  board  may  elect.  If  such  withdrawal 
shall  take  place  after  ten  annual  assessments  have  been  paid, 
the  member  so  withdrawing  may,  if  he  shall  so  elect,  receive 
the  amount  due  him  in  the  form  of  such  annuity  for  life,  based 
on  the  contributions  of  such  member,  with  regular  interest 
thereon,  as  may  be  determined  by  the  retirement  board  in 
accordance  with  its  annuity  tables.  If  a  member  of  the 
association  withdrawing  and  receiving  payments  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  die  before  the  amount 
of  such  payments  equals  the  amount  of  his  contributions  to 
the  annuity  fund,  with  regular  interest,  the  difference  between 
the  amount  of  such  payments  and  the  amount  of  his  contribu- 
tions, with  regular  interest,  shall  be  paid  to  the  executor  or 
administrator  of  his  estate ;  if  no  demand  shall  be  made  on  the 
retirement  board  within  six  months  next  following  the  death 
of  such  member  for  the  payment  of  the  sums  due  under  this 
section,  such  sums  may  be  paid  to  such  person  or  persons 
as  are  entitled  to  the  estate,  and  such  payments  shall  be  a 
bar  to  recovery  by  any  other  person.  Any  member  of  the 
retirement  association  who  shall  have  withdrawn  from  service 
in  the  public  schools,  shall,  on  being  re-employed  in  the  public 
schools,  be  reinstated  in  the  retirement  association  in  accord- 
ance with  such  plans  for  reinstatement  as  the  retirement  board 
shall  adopt.  If  a  member  of  the  retirement  association  shall 
die  before  retirement,  the  full  amount'  of  his  contributions 
to  the  annuity  fund,  with  regular  interest  to  the  day  of  his 
death,  shall  be  paid  to  the  executor  or  administrator  of  his 
estate;  if  no  demand  shall  be  made  on  the  retirement  board 
within  six  months  next  following  the  death  of  such  member 
for  the  payment  of  the  sums  due  under  this  section,  such  sums 
may  then  be  paid  to  such  person  or  persons  as  are  entitled  to 


87 

the  estate,  and  such  payments  shall  be  a  bar  to  recovery  by 
any  other  person. 

Sec.  213     That  portion  of  the  salary  or  wages  of  a  mem-   G  s  sec  1021 
ber  deducted  or  to  be  deducted  under  this  chapter,  the  right 

,,,,..,  Funds  not 

of  a  member  to  an  annuity  or  pension  and  all  his  rights  in  assignable, 

but    exempt 

the  funds  of  the  retirement  system  shall  be  exempt  from  taxa-  from  attach- 

,          .    -  .  ment,     execu- 

tion and   from  the  operation  of  any  laws   relating  to  bank-  tion  and 

taxation 

ruptcy  or  insolvency  and  shall  not  be  attached  or  taken  upon 
execution  or  other  process  of  any  court.  No  assignment  of 
any  right  in  or  to  said  funds  shall  be  valid.  The  funds  of  the 
retirement  system,  so  far  as  the  same  are  invested  in  personal 
property,  shall  be  exempt  from  taxation. 

Sec.  214     The  school  committee  or  board  of  education  of  G  s  sec  1022 
each  town,  city  or  district  in  the  state  shall,  before  employing 

.  Duties    of 

in  any  teaching  position  any  person  to  whom  this  chapter  may  educational 
apply,  notify  such  person  of  his  duties  and  obligations  under 
this  chapter  as  a  condition  of  his  employment.  On  or  before 
October  first  of  each  year  the  school  committee  or  board  of 
education  of  each  town,  city  or  district  shall  certify  to  the 
retirement  board  the  names  and  salaries  of  all  teachers  in  its 
employ  to  whom  this  chapter  shall  apply.  The  school  commit- 
tee or  board  of  education  of  each  town,  city  .and  district  in 
the  state  shall,  on  the  first  day  of  each  calendar  month,  notify 
the  retirement  board  of  the  employment  of  new  teachers, 
removals,  withdrawals  and  changes  in  salary  of  teachers  that 
shall  have  occurred  during  the  month  preceding.  Under  the 
direction  of  the  retirement  board  the  school  committee  or  board 
of  education  of  each  town,  city  and  district  in  the  state  shall 
furnish  such  other  information  as  the  board  may  require  rele- 
vant to  the  discharge  of  the  duties  of  the  board.  The  school 
committee  or  board  of  education  of  each  town,  city  and  district 
in  the  state  shall,  as  directed  by  the  retirement  board,  deduct 
from  the  amount  of  the  salary  due  each  teacher  employed  in 
the  public  schools  of  such  town,  city  or  district,  such  amounts 
as  are  due  as  contributions  to  the  annuity  fund  as  prescribed 
in  this  chapter,  shall  send  to  the  treasurer  of  said  town,  city 
or  district  an  order  for  the  amount  of  such  deductions  drawn 
in  favor  of  the  retirement  board  and  shall  send  a  statement  of 
the  amounts  deducted  to  the  secretary  of  the  retirement  board. 
The  school  committee  or  board  of  education  of  each  town,  city 


88 


1919    Chap 


1919     Chap 
170 

Public 
schools   may 
include 
certain    in- 
corporated 
schools 


G  S  sec  1023 
1917,  ch     411, 

Custody,     care 
and     account- 
ing of  the 
fund 


and  district  in  the  state  shall  keep  such  records  as  the  retire- 
ment board  may  require.  The  secretary  of  the  state  board 
of  education  shall  keep  such  records  and  make  such  reports 
concerning  teachers  in  its  employ  as  may  be  required  by  the 
retirement  board  and  shall  deduct  monthly  from  salaries  of 
such  teachers  the  amounts  due  as  contributions  to  the  annuity 
fund  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

Sec.  215  The  teachers'  retirement  board  may,  upon  appli- 
cation by  the  board  of  trustees  of  any  institution  supported 
by  the  state  at  which  teachers  are  employed,  class  such  insti- 
tution as  a  public  school  under  the  provisions  of  section  207 
of  the  general  statutes.  The  secretary  and  treasurer  of  such 
board  of  trustees  shall  perform  the  duties  required  of  educa- 
tional officials  under  the  provisions  of  sections  214  and  217. 

Sec.  216  Any  incorporated  secondary  school  not  under 
the  orders  and  superintendence  of  a  duly  elected  school  com- 
mittee or  board  of  education,  but  located  in  a  town  not  main- 
taining a  high  school  and  providing  free  tuition  to  pupils  of 
the  town  in  which  it  is  located,  and  which  shall  have  been 
approved  by  the  state  board  of  education  under  the  provisions 
of  chapter  54*  of  the  general  statutes,  may,  upon  application 
of  its  board  of  trustees  be  considered  a  "  public  school "  and 
included  in  the  retirement  system  for  teachers  at  the  discretion 
of  the  retirement  board  and  the  duties  required  of  town 
officials  under  sections  214  and  217  shall  be  performed  by  the 
corresponding  officers  of  said  school. 

Sec.  217  The  treasurer  of  each  town,  city  or  district  in 
the  state  shall  transmit  monthly  to  the  secretary  of  the  retire- 
ment board  the  amount  deducted  from  teachers'  salaries  in 
such  town,  city  or  district  as  specified  in  the  order  of  the 
school  committee  or  board  of  education  of  such  town,  city 
or  district  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section  214. 
The  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  shall  transmit 
monthly  to  the  secretary  of  the  retirement  board  the  amount 
deducted  from  teachers'  salaries  under  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter.  The  secretary  of  the  retirement  board  shall  monthly 
pay  to  the  treasurer  of  the  state  all  sums  collected  by  him 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section.  All  funds  of  the  retire- 
ment system  shall  be  in  custody  and  charge  of  the  treasurer 

*  Chapter  xii  of  this  compilation 


89 

of  the  state  and  the  treasurer  shall  invest  such  funds  as  are 
not  required  for  current  disbursements  in  accordance  with 
the  laws  of  the  state  governing  the  investment  of  savings  bank 
funds.  He  may,  whenever  he  sells  securities,  deliver  the 
securities  so  sold  upon  receiving  the  proceeds  thereof,  and 
may  execute  any  document  necessary  to  transfer  the  title 
thereto.  The  treasurer  of  the  state  shall  make  such  payments 
to  members  of  the  retirement  association  from  the  annuity 
fund  and  pension  fund  as  the  retirement  board  shall  order  to 
be  paid  in  accordance  with  sections  211  and  212.  On  or  before  ' 
the  third  Wednesday  in  January,  the  treasurer  of  the  state 
shall  file  with  the  insurance  commissioner,  and  with  the  sec- 
retary of  the  retirement  board,  a  sworn  statement  exhibiting 
the  financial  condition  of  the  retirement  system  on  the  thirty- 
first  day  of  the  preceding  December  and  its  financial  transac- 
tions for  the  year  ending  at  such  date.  Such  statements  shall 
be  in  the  form  prescribed  by  the  retirement  board  and 
approved  by  the  insurance  commissioner. 

Sec.  218     If  the  school  committee  or  board  of  education  of   1917,  ch   411, 

Rev   1918 

any  town  or  city,  or  any  town  or  city  having  in  effect  at  the  Sec   1024 
time  of  the  passage  of  this  act,  a  pension  system  for  teachers   Chap    6i 


or  a  teachers'  retirement  system,  constituted  by  act  of  the 

ties  mam- 


general  assembly,   shall,   on   or  before   September  30,    1919, 

by  written  application  filed  with  the  retirement  board,  request   ^^  Pa»d  by 

the  exemption  of  such  town  or  city  from  the  provisions  of 

this  act,  such  town  or  city  shall  be  exempted.     Any  town  or 

city  which  has  been  exempted  from  the  provisions  of  this  act 

which  shall  retire  a  teacher  with  a  pension  annuity  or  allow- 

ance and  the  school  committee  or  board  of  education  of  which 

shall  certify  under  oath  to  the  retirement  board  the  amount 

of  such  annuity  or  allowance,  shall  be  reimbursed  annually  by 

the  state  within  one  month  following  the  close  of  the  current 

school  year,   to  such  amount  as  the   retirement  board  may 

determine. 

Sec.  219     The  teachers5  retirement  board  is   directed  to   1919  ch  261 
return  to  any  teacher  who  shall   have   retired   from   active   Jre^fnt'  re~ 
teaching  prior  to  June  30,  1917,  who  has  made  any  payment   \°%£  certain 
or  payments  into  the  annuity  fund  under  the  provisions  of  ?u£Jents  *° 
section  208,  an  amount  equal  to  the  amount  so  paid  to  said 
fund. 


1919    ch      318 

Reserve    fund 
for   retired 
teachers 
established 


G  S  sec  1025 
Rev       1902 
Sec     2252 
1907,  ch     31 
1913,  ch     182 

Enumera- 
tion   of   chil- 
dren   in    dis- 
tricts 


Sec.  220  The  comptroller  is  directed  to  draw  orders  on 
the  treasurer  for  the  payment  of  such  moneys  as  may  be 
certified  by  the  teachers'  retirement  board  as  necessary  accord- 
ing to  the  mortality  tables  adopted  by  the  board  for  the  pay- 
ment of  pensions  allowed  to  retired  teachers.  Such  moneys 
shall  be  held  in  a  reserve  fund,  invested  and  controlled  in  the 
same  manner  as  the  annuity  fund  of  the  retirement  system  and 
used  for  the  payment  of  pensions. 

CHAPTER  XVI 
Support  of  Public  Schools.1 

General    Statutes,    Chapter   58,    page   357 

Sec.  221  The  committee  of  each  school  district  or,  if 
they  fail  or  are  unable  to  do  so,  the  clerk,  shall  annually  in 
September  ascertain  the  name  and  age  of  every  person  over 
four  and  under  sixteen  years  of  age  who  shall  belong  to  such 
district,  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  said  month,  with  the  names 
of  the  parents  or  guardians  of  such  persons.  If  any  such 
persons  are  not  attending  school  during  said  month  of  Septem- 
ber, then  the  person  making  the  enumeration  shall  ascertain 
the  reason  for  such  non-attendance  and,  if  such  persons  are 

1  Gen  Stat 

Sec  57  The  general  assembly,  in  behalf  of  the  state;  the  representatives  of 
the  towns  and  the  senators  resident  in  the  several  counties,  in  behalf  of  their 
respective  counties;  every  city,  by  its  common  council  when  so  authorized  by  its 
charter,  or  by  its  freemen  in  legal  meeting  assembled;  and  every  town,  borough 
or  school  district,  by  legal  meeting  of  its  qualified  voters;  shall  make  appropriations 
of  specific  sums  of  money  for  any  purpose  authorized  by  law  and  provided  for  in 
the  warnings  of  the  meetings  at  which  the  appropriations  are  made 

Sec  58  Whenever  any  specific  appropriation  of  money  may  have  been  made 
by  the  general  assembly,  by  the  representatives  and  senators  of  any  county  or  by 
any  community  or  corporation  named  in  the  preceding  section,  every  agent, 
commissioner  or  executive  officer  of  the  state,  or  of  any  county,  town,  city, 
borough  or  school  district,  who  shall  wilfully  authorize  or  contract  for  the  ex- 
penditure of  any  money,  or  the  creation  of  any  debt  for  any  purpose  in  excess 
of  the  amount  specificially  appropriated  for  such  purpose  by  the  general  assembly, 
the  county  representatives  and  senators,  or  the  community  or  corporation  of  which 
he  is  agent,  commissioner  or  executive  officer,  unless  such  expenditure  shall  be 
made  or  debt  contracted  for  the  necessary  repair  of  roads  or  bridges,  or  the 
necessary  support  of  schools  or  paupers,  in  cases  arising  after  the  proper  appropria- 
tion has  been  exhausted,  shall  be  fined  not  exceeding  one  thousand  dollars  or 
imprisoned  in  the  county  jail  not  exceeding  one  year  or  both  As  to  what  con- 
stitutes an  appropriation  see  58  Conn  486 

Sec     57      Scope   of  section      89   C   562 

Sec  58  The  penalty  attaches  only  when  a  specific  appropriation  has  been 
made  and  exceeded  58  C  462  Does  not  apply  to  governmental  duty  of  munic- 
ipality, or  holding  election  89  C  563 


employed  at  labor,  the  names  of  their  employers  or  of  the 
establishments  where  they  are  employed.  Returns  shall  be 
made  to  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  to  which  such  dis- 
trict belongs,  on  or  before  the  twenty-fifth  of  September; 
children  temporarily  residing  in  one  district  but  having  parents 
or  guardians  residing  in  another  shall  be  enumerated  only  as 
belonging  to  the  latter  district.  For  making  such  enumeration 
the  committee  or  clerk  of  the  district  shall  receive  one  dollar, 
and  in  addition  thereto  three  cents  for  each  child  enumerated 
in  excess  of  fifty,  and  the  cost  of  said  enumeration  shall  be 
paid  from  the  amount  appropriated  by  the  town  for  the  sup- 
port of  schools  in  said  district.  If  the  return  of  enumeration 
is  not  made  to  the  board  of  school  visitors  on  or  before  said 
twenty-fifth  of  September,  one  of  the  school  visitors  or  a 
person  duly  appointed  by  the  board  of  school  visitors  shall 
make  a  complete  enumeration  'before  the  fifteenth  of  October 
next  following  and  return  it  to  said  school  visitors,  and  shall 
receive  therefor  a  sum  not  to  exceed  five  cents  for  each  child 
so  enumerated. 

Sec.  222     Such  return  shall  be  signed  and  sworn  to  by  the  G  s  sec  1026 
person  making  it,  substantially  in  the  following  form :  Sec    2253 

I  hereby  certify  that  I  have  carefully  enumerated,  accord-  Return  of 

enumera- 

ing  to  law,  all  persons  between  the  ages  of  four  and  sixteen  tion 

years,  within  the  school  district,  and  find  gee 

that  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  September,  A.D.  19 ,  there  Sec    1025 

were  of  such  persons,  residing  in  and  belonging  to  said  dis- 
trict, the  number  of  

A.  B. 

On   this day   of , 

A.  D.  19 ,  personally  appeared  the  .above-named  A.  B.  and 

made  oath  to  the  truth  of  the  above  return  by  him  subscribed 
before  me. 


Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Sec.  223     The  school  visitors  of  the  town  shall  examine   ge^  se{^7 
and  correct  the  returns  made  by' them,  so  that  no  person  shall  Sec  22S4 
be  enumerated  twice  in  different  districts  or  be  improperly  S^!011  of 

Sec  221  Phrase  "  who  shall  belong  to  such  district "  construed  59  C  491, 
492  No  distinction  between  "  domicil "  and  "actual  residence"  as  to  subject  of 
enumeration  Ib 


92 

returned,  and  lodge  them  as  corrected  with  the  town  treasurer. 
They  shall  also  transmit  to  the  comptroller,1  on  or  before  the 
fifth  day  of  December,  annually,  a  certificate  in  which  the 
number  of  persons  shall  be  inserted  in  words  at  full  length, 
which  shall  be  sworn  to,  substantially,  according  to  the  follow- 
ing form : 

We,  the  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  ,  certify 

that  from  the  returns  made  to  us  under  oath,  by  law  provided, 

we  find  that  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  September,  A.  D.  19 , 

there  were  "residing  within  the  school  districts  belonging  to 

said  town  the  number  of  persons  between  four 

and  sixteen  years  of  age;  and  from  the  best  information  we 
can  obtain,  we  believe  that  said  number  is  correct. 


School  Visitors. 
On  this day  of ,  A.  D.    19 , 

personally  appeared  the  above-named  school  visitors,  and  made 
oath  to  the  truth  of  above  certificate  by  them  subscribed  before 
me. 

C.  D. 

Justice  of  the  Peace. 

ie^  *ei902*8  ^ec*  224  Town  school  committees  shall  annually  appoint 
1903  2ch5  64  one  or  more  persons  who  shall,  in  September  of  each  year,  as- 
1913'  ch  3\82  certam  the  name  and  age  of  every  person  over  four  and  under 
Enumera-  sixteen  years  of  age  who  shall  belong  to  such  town  on  the 
so°HdatedCOdis-  ^rst  Tuesday  of  said  month.  If  any  such  persons  are  not 
tricts  attending  school  during  said  month  of  September,  then  the 

person  making  the  enumeration  shall  ascertain  the  reason  for 
such  non-attendance  and  if  such  persons  are  employed  at  labor, 
the  names  of  their  employers  or  of  the  establishments  where 
they  are  employed.  Returns  shall  be  made  to  the  town  school 
committee  on  or  before  the  twenty-fifth  of  September.  Said 
person  so  appointed  shall  receive  a  sum  not  exceeding  five  cents 
for  each  child  so  enumerated.  Such  return  shall  be  signed 
"by  the  person  making  it  and  sworn  to  substantially  according 
to  the  form  prescribed  in  section  222.  The  town  school  com- 
mittee shall  examine  and  correct  the  returns  made  to  it  so  that 

1  Sec  89 


93 

no  person  shall  be  enumerated  twice  or  be  imprope 

and  lodge  them,  as  corrected,  with  the  town  tr 

shall  transmit  to  the  comptroller,  on  or  before 

December   annually,    a   certificate    in    which   the   immuci    ui 

persons  shall  be  inserted  in  words  at  full  length,  which  shall 

be  sworn  to  substantially  according  to  the  form  prescribed  in 

section  223. 

Sec.  225     Every  person  having  control  of  a  child  between  ^  se^%29 
four  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  who  shall  wilfully  refuse  to  give   Sec    2256 
the  person  making  the  enumeration  required  by  this  chapter  the   ^"g^  £t°0r 
name  and  age  of  such  child,  and  such  information  concerning  |jjfdage  of 
the  school  attendance  of  such  child  as  said  chapter  requires, 
shall  be  fined  three  dollars. 

Sec.  226  The  comptroller  shall  annually,  as  soon  after  the  £e^  ^o™3 
twenty-eighth  of  February  as  may  be,  draw  orders  for  the  Sec  2257 
support  of  the  common  schools  at  the  rate  of  two  dollars  and  fife^taS  by 
twenty-five  cents  for  each  child  between  the  ages  of  four  and 
sixteen  years  on  the  enumeration  last  made  and  perfected, 
which  orders  shall  be  payable  from  the  civil  list  funds  of  the 
state,  and  be  divided  and  distributed  among  the  several  towns 
in  proportion  to  the  number  of  persons  in  each  between  the 
ages  of  four  and  sixteen  years,  as  ascertained  from  said  re- 
turns ;  and  he  shall  transmit  the  amount  distributed  to  each 
town  to  its  treasurer,  on  the  application  of  its  school  visitors, 
or  its  town  school  committee;  but  no  such  money  shall  be 
transmitted  to  any  town  until  the  comptroller  shall  have  re- 
ceived from  its  school  visitors  or  committee  a  certificate, 
signed  by  them  or  their  chairman  and  secretary,  and  sub- 
stantially in  the  following  form: 

We,  the  school  visitors  (or  town  school  committee)  of  the 

town  of ,  certify  that  the  schools  in  said  town  have 

been  kept  for  the  period  required  by  law  during  the  year  end- 
ing the  fourteenth  day  of  July  last,  by  teachers  duly  examined 
and  approved,  and  have  been  visited  according  to  law ;  and 
that  all  moneys  drawn  from  the  public  treasury  by  said  town 
for  said  year,  appropriated  to  schooling,  have  been  faithfully 
applied  and  expended  in  paying  for  teachers'  wages,  and  for 
no  other  purpose  whatever. 


G  S  sec  1031 
Uev       1902 
Sec     2258 
1903,   ch     200 

Enumera- 
tion  of   chil- 
dren   in 
county     homes 


G  S  sec  1032 
Rev       1902 
Sec      2259 

Establish- 
ment of 
schools  at 
county     homes 


G  S  sec  1033 
Rev       1902 
Sec      2260 

Employ- 
ment   of 
teachers   in 
county    homes 


Dated   at. 
A.  D.  19 


94 
,   this. 


.day   of. 


School  Visitors  (or  Town 
School  Committee.) 

To  the  comptroller. 

Sec.  227  Children  committed  to  county  homes  shall  be 
enumerated  in  the  towns  or  districts  in  which  said  county 
homes  are  located,  'but  children  placed  by  the  officers  of  said 
homes  in  families  shall  be  enumerated  only  in  the  towns  or 
districts  in  which  said  families  reside.  The  enumerator  of  the 
town  or  district  in  which  the  county  home  is  located  shall  make 
a  separate  list  of  the  children  in  the  county  home  and  certify 
said  list  to  the  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee  as  the 
case  may  be. 

Sec.  228  The  county  commissioners  may  establish  schools 
at  the  county  homes  if  in  their  opinion  it  is  for  the  interest  of 
the  children.  In  case  the  county  commissioners  establish  and 
maintain  such  a  school  in  any  county  the  treasurer  of  the  town 
in  which  the  school  is  located  shall  pay  to  the  county  com- 
missioners from  the  amount  paid  to  the  town  by  the  comp- 
troller that  proportionate  part  which  was  derived  from  the 
enumeration  of  the  children  in  the  county  home.  Said  commis- 
sioners shall  apply  the  sum  so  determined  to  the  payment  of 
teachers,  and  to  no  other  purpose.  Said  schools  shall  be  open 
during  the  same  days,  hours  and  terms  as  the  schools  in  the 
district  or'town  in  which  the  school  is  located,  and  the  branches 
taught  shall  be  those  prescribed  by  the  proper  school  officers 
for  the  schools  of  the  town. 

Sec.  229  The  county  commissioners  may  employ  and  pay 
as  teachers  of  the  schools  at  the  county  homes  persons  found 
qualified  as  provided  in  this  section  and  shall  provide  books  for 
the  children  and  apparatus  for  teaching.  The  state  board  of 
education  shall  examine  the  persons  employed  by  the  county 
commissioners,  and  if  the  candidates  are  found  qualified  in 
respect  of  character,  education  and  teaching  ability,  may  give 
them  certificates  authorizing  them  to  teach  in  said  schools,  and 
said  board  may  revoke  such  certificates,  and  the  county  com- 


95 

missioners  shall  not  employ  any  person  who  does  not  hold  such 
certificate.  The  said  board  shall  appoint  an  acting  visitor  or 
visitors,1  who  shall  inspect  and  examine  said  schools  at  least 
twice  in  each  term,  and  the  county  commissioners  shall  not  pay 
any  teacher  nor  maintain  said  school  unless  said  acting  visitor 
shall  certify  in  writing  that  said  school  has  been  for  each 
month  kept  in  conformity  to  law. 

Sec.  230     When  the  school  in  any  district  shall  not  be  kept  c  s  sec  1034 
according  to  law,2  the  school  visitors  of  the  town,  to  which  Sec    2261 
said  district  belongs,  shall,  in  their  certificate  or  certificates  to   Comptroller 

°  m  may    make 

the  comptroller  for  the  year  following,  state  such  fact,  and  deduction 
also  the  number  of  children  enumerated  in  such  district;  and  m«neys 
when  application  is  made  for  the  school  moneys  payable  to  such 
town  for  said  year,  he  shall  deduct  from  the  whole  number  of 
children  enumerated  in  such  town  the  number  contained  in 
such  district ;  and  shall  draw  an  order  for  such  part  only  of  the 
moneys   that   would   otherwise   go   to   said   town,   as   is   pro- 
portioned to  the  number  of  children  in  the  remaining  districts 
therein. 

Sec.  231     If  any  money  appropriated  to  the  use  of  schools   c  s  sec  1035 
shall  be  applied  by  a  town  or  school  district  to  any  other  pur-   Sec    2252" 
pose,   such  town  or  school  district  shall   forfeit  the  amount    MisaPPiica- 
thereof  to  the  state ;  and  the  comptroller  shall  sue  for  the  same   school  money 
in  behalf  of  the  state,  to  be  applied,  when  recovered,  to  the  use 
of  schools. 

Sec.  232     The    income    of    the    town    deposit    fund,3    be-   G  s  sec  1036 
longing  to  any  town,  and  of  any  other  town  fund  which  is  or   Sec    2263 
shall  be  established  or  appropriated  for  the  support  of  public   income  of  . 
schools  in  any  town,  shall  be  paid  annually   into  the  town   fund 
treasury,  for  the  support  of  public  schools  therein. 

Sec.  233     The   income  of   any   fund   that  is   or  shall  be   G^  sef9G^37 
established  or  appropriated  for  the  support  of  public  schools   Sec    2264 
in  any  school  district  or  school  society  existing  in  any  town,   fn 
shall  be  paid  annually  into  the  treasury  of  such  district  or  fund 
society,  for  the  support  of  public  schools  therein ;  but  if  such 
district  or  society  shall  at  any  time  cease  to  exist,  then  the  prin- 

1  Sec  79 

5A    district    is    not    entitled    to    any    state    or    town    money    unless    the    school- 
house  and  outbuildings  are   satisfactory  to  the   school  visitors,    Sec      142 
3  Chapter  xxiii 


G  S  sec  1038 
Rev      1902 
Sec     2265 

Meeting  of 
joint  board 
of    school 
visitors    and 
selectmen 


G  S  sec  1039 
Rev     1902 
Sec       2266 

School  year 
defined 


G  S  sec  1040 
Rev     1902 
Sec     2267 

Estimates;  ex- 
penses   ex- 
ceeding 
estimates 


G  S  sec  1041 
Rev     1902 
Sec     2268 

Record   of 
decisions  of 
joint  board 


cipal  of  said  fund  shall  be  paid  over  to  the  treasurer  of  the 
town  j1  the  income  thereof  to  be  applied  for  the  support  of 
public  schools  therein,  in  the  manner  prescribed  in  section  158. 

Sec.  234  The  school  visitors  and  selectmen  in  each  town 
in  which  the  school  districts  are  not  consolidated  shall  meet  as 
a  joint  board  on  the  third  Tuesday  of  June  in  each  year,  and 
prepare  a  statement  showing  the  estimated  cost  of  each  and  all 
the  public  schools  in  their  town,  for  the  next  succeeding  school 
year,  and  shall  immediately  thereafter  notify  the  committees  of 
the  respective  school  districts  of  the  several  amounts  so  fixed. 

Sec.  235  The  school  year  shall  commence  on  the  fifteenth 
day  of  July,  and  end  on  the  fourteenth  day  of  July  following. 


Sec.  236  The  school  visitors  and  selectmen  in  each  town 
in  which  the  school  districts  are  not  consolidated  shall,  as  a 
joint  board,  present  at  the  annual  town  meeting  a  written  or 
printed  statement  of  the  total  cost  of  each  and  all  of  the  public 
schools  in  such  town  for  the  school  year  next  preceding,  and  an 
estimate  of  the  cost  of  such  schools  for  the  current  school  year. 
Said  board  shall  also  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  of  October  in 
each  year  fix  the  several  amounts  which  in  their  judgment  will 
be  sufficient  to  pay  the  wages  of  teachers,  including  board,  and 
the  incidental  expenses2  of  maintaining  the  schools  in  the 
various  districts  within  the  jurisdiction  of  such  town  for  the 
period  during  the  current  year  that  schools  are  required  by  law 
or  by  vote  of  the  town  to  be  maintained;  shall  notify  the  re- 
spective districts  of  the  several  amounts  so  fixed;  and  if  any 
district,  by  contributing  the  teachers'  board  or  any  of  the  in- 
cidental expenses  of  the  school,  be  enabled  to  continue  its 
school  year  beyond  the  time  required  by  law,  said  district  shall, 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  be 
entitled  to  the  whole  amount  so  fixed. 

Sec.  237  The  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors 
shall  keep  in  a  book  provided  by  the  town  a  record  of  all  the 
decisions  of  the  joint  board  of  school  visitors  and  selectmen. 


iSec  158,  268 
2  Sec  180,   196 


97 

Sec.  238  Whenever  a  school  district  shall,  at  its  annual  ge^  ^902°** 
school  meeting,  neglect  to  fix  the  time  or  period  for  the  pay-  Scc  2269 
ment  of  its  teachers,  they  shall  be  paid  at  the  end  of  each  school  Time  of  ^.ay- 
month,  and  at  the  close  of  every  such  month  or  period  for  the  tricts 
payment  of  teachers  and  on  the  certificate  of  the  school  visitors 
or  acting  visitor  or  visitors  that  the  schools  of  the  district  for 
such  month  or  period  have  been  kept  in  all  respects  according 
to  law  the  selectmen  shall  draw  an  order  on  the  town  treasurer 
in  favor  of  such  district  for  a  sum  of  money  sufficient,  and  no 
more  than  sufficient,  to  pay  the  expenses  incurred  by  such  dis- 
trict for  said  month  or  period  for  the  wages  of  teachers,  in- 
cluding board,  and  for  luel  and  incidental  expenses,1  if  the 
expenses  incurred  by  the  district  for  the  above-named  pur- 
poses, during  the  school  year,  do  not  exceed  the  amount  fixed 
upon  for  such  district  as  provided  in  this  chapter.  If  such  ex- 
penses exceed  said  amount,  the  joint  board  of  school  visitors 
and  selectmen  shall  meet,  on  or  before  the  fourteenth  of  July  in 
each  year,  and  decide  whether  or  not  the  expenditure  in  excess 
of  the  amount  fixed  upon  was  necessary  to  maintain  the  school 
or  schools  of  the  district  for  the  time  required  by  law.  If  said 
board  shall  decide  that  such  additional  expense  was  necessary, 
the  selectmen  shall  draw  an  order  on  the  town  treasurer  for 
an  amount  sufficient  to  pay  the  same ;  but  if  said  joint  board 
shall  decide  that  such  additional  expense  was  not  necessary 
the  district  shall  pay  it,  unless  the  town  otherwise  order. 

Sec.  239     Whenever  a  district  shall  vote  to  pay  its  teacher  G  s  sec  1043 
or  teachers  oftener  than  once  each  term,  and  for  fixed  periods   sec  227Q2 
of  not  less  than  four  weeks  each,  or  when,  as  provided  in  Payment  of 
section  238,  the  salary  of  teachers  shall  be  payable  monthly,  it  Starlet  school 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  school  visitors,  or  acting  school  visitor 
or  visitors,  at  the  close  of  each  of  the  aforesaid  periods  of 
school  or  school  months,  to  give  to  the  selectmen  a  certificate 
stating  whether  or  not  the  schools  of  the  district  have  been 
kept  in  all  respects  according  to  law  during  such  period. 

Sec.  240     No  town  which  includes  a  city  within  its  limrts  G  s  sec  1044 
shall  be  required  to  expend  for  school  purposes  in  any  year  a   Sec    2271 
greater  sum  than  would  be  raised  by  a  tax  of  one  mill  on  its  Tax  in  city 

.,..,..,..  .  ,     school   dis- 

grand  list,  if  said  city  is  organized  into  one  or  more  school   tricts 
districts  by  which  a  sum  has  been  appropriated  for  the  support 

1  Sec  180,  196 
7 


98 

of  public  schools  during  the  year  in  which  such  tax  would  be 
payable,  sufficient,  with  the  income  derived  from  other  sources, 
to  pay  the  wages  of  teachers,  the  cost  of  fuel,  and  the  in- 
cidental expenses  of  the  public  schools  of  said  district  or  dis- 
tricts for  at  least  thirty-six  weeks  of  said  year;  provided,  said 
sum  shall  be  paid,  without  abatement,  on  or  before  the  first  of 
March  next  following  the  time  at  which  the  town  tax  shall 
have  become  due,  to  the  several  school  districts  in  the  town,  in 
proportion  to  the  number  of  children  in  each,  at  the  last  pre- 
ceding enumeration,  between  the  ages  of  four  and  sixteen 
years. 

Re^  si9Q2°45  Sec.  241  Every  town  which  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  pro- 
Sec  2272  vide  for  the  support  of  its  schools  shall  forfeit  to  the  state  a 
JSS3*  tax1**  sum  equal  to  the  amount  which  it  is  required  to  raise  and 

appropriate. 

Re^  Si902046  Sec.  242     When  the  number  of  scholars  in  any  district  for 

Sec    2273         anv  term  of  school  shall  be  so  small  that  in  the  judgment  of 
tne  scn°°l  visitors  the  maintenance  of  a  separate  school  in  said 


t?ans°porta-  district  for  such  term  is  inexpedient,  said  board  of  school 
dr°enn  °f  chil"  visitors  may  unite  the  school  of  such  district  with  the  school  of 
an  adjoining  district  or  districts,  and  when  the  school  of  any 
district  shall  be  thus  united  with  the  school  of  another  district 
or  districts  it  shall  be  as  full  a  compliance  with  the  law  as  if 
said  district  had  maintained  a  separate  school  for  the  time  re- 
quired by  law.  Whenever  any  school  shall  be  discontinued 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section  the  school  visitors  may  pro- 
vide transportation  for  children  to  and  from  school,  and  the 
expenses  of  such  transportation,  when  approved  by  the  board 
of  school  visitors,  shall  be  paid  by  the  town  treasurer,  upon  the 
order  of  the  selectmen. 

Re5"  S^Q^°47          Sec.  243     If  a  district  maintains  a  school  of  a  higher  order 

Sec     2274        than  is  required  by  law,  and  thereby  incurs  increased  expense 

Extra  ex-         for  jts  school  ;  or  if  any  district  shall  continue  its  school  for 

tr1ctsd  by  dis"  a  l°nger  time  than  is  provided  for  at  the  expense  of  the  town, 

according  to  section  33,  or  if  any  district  shall  expend  for 

teachers'  wages  or  other  purposes,  a  sum  which  the  school  visit- 

ors and  selectmen  deem  unnecessary  and  extravagant  ;  the  cost 

of  such  school,  above  the  sum  received  by  such  district  from 

the  town,  shall  be  paid  by  a  tax  laid  by  said  district.    Nothing 

in  this  title  shall  be  construed  as  forbidding  the  payment  of 


99 

the  additional  expenses  of  continuing  a  school  longer  than  the 
time  required  by  law,  by  voluntary  contribution  or  by  tuition 
charges. 

Sec.  244     No  district  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  any  money  G  s  sec  1048 
from  the  state  or  town  in  any  year,  unless  the  district  commit-   Sec  2275 
tee  shall  have  made,  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  of  July  preced-  District  to 

•  t  •        f  1  r  .  receive    no 

mg,   or  within  nve   days   thereafter,   the   report   required   bv  money   unless 

*     report   is 
Section  l8l.  made 

Sec.  245     The  amount  of  the  annual  state  appropriation,  G  s  sec  1049 
apportioned  to  any  school  district  formed  from  parts  of  two   Sec    l%276 
or  more  towns,  shall  be  paid  into  the  treasury  of  the  town  hav-   Apportion- 

.j...  i      1-    i    •    .,  1         ^1     ^  ••  p  ment    to    dis- 

ing  jurisdiction  over  such  districts  under  the  provisions  of  sec-  tricts  formed 
tion  121,  and  the  expenses  of  the  school  in  such  district  shall  ofTowPnsts 
be  paid  by  said  town,  in  the  same  manner  and  on  the  same 
conditions  as  if  said  district  lay  wholly  within  it;  but  during 
September,  in  each  year,  the  school  visitors  of  said  town  shall 
ascertain  the  cost  of  maintaining  said  school  for  the  year  end- 
ing on  the  fourteenth  of  the  preceding  July;  not  including  in 
such  ascertainment,  the  amount  received  by  said  district  from 
any  fund  that  is  or  shall  be  established  or  granted  for  the 
support  of  public  schools  in  said  district ;  and,  having  deducted 
from  this  amount  the  sums  received  by  the  town  for  such  dis- 
trict during  said  year  from  the  state  appropriation,  shall  ap- 
portion the  remainder  of  the  cost  of  such  school  among  the 
towns  in  which  such  district  lies,  in  proportion  to  the  number 
of  persons  between  the  ages  of  four  and  sixteen  years,  as 
ascertained  by  the  enumeration  made  in  September  of  the  pre- 
ceding year,  and  shall,  before  the  first  Monday  in  October, 
present  a  copy  of  said  apportionment  to  the  selectmen  of  each 
of  said  towns ;  and  the  selectmen  of  the  town  or  towns  not 
having  jurisdiction  over  said  district  shall  cause  the  sums,  thus 
apportioned  to  their  respective  towns,  to  be  paid  to  the  town 
having  jurisdiction  over  said  district.1 

Sec.  246     The  selectmen  of  any  town  schooling  children   ge^  Y902°5° 
residing  in  another  town  and  in  a  district  in  which  no  school   Sec    2277 
is  maintained  may  ascertain  the  expense  of  schooling  said  chil-   £jjjnjg.  of 
dren  and  present  a  bill  of  said  expense  to  the  selectmen  of  the  tricts 
town  in  which  said  children  reside.    If  the  town  schooling  chil- 
dren shall  be  indebted  to  the  town  in  which  the  children  reside, 

1  Sees  90,  121 


100 


G  S  sec  1051 
Rev      1902 
Sec      2278 

Forfeitures 
may   be 
remitted 


G  S  sec   1052 
Rev       1902 
Sec      2279 

Fraudulent 
certificate    by 
school  visi- 
tors 


1919     eh  343 
Conditions 
for    securing 
average    at- 
tendance 
grant     from 
state 


under  the  provision  of  section  245,  the  expense  ascertained  as 
provided  in  this  section  shall  be  deducted  from  the  amount  of 
said  indebtedness,  and  only  the  remainder  shall  be 'due  to  the 
town  in  which  said  children  reside. 

Sec.  247  In  all  cases  when  a  school  in  any  district  has 
been  or  shall  be  kept  during  a  portion  of  the  school  year,  but 
not  according  to  law,  or  when  for  any  other  cause  there  has 
been  or  shall  be  a  forfeiture  of  moneys  accruing  from  the 
school  fund  or  annual  state  appropriation  that  would  otherwise 
have  been  paid  to  any  town  or  school  district,  the  secretary 
of  the  state  board  of  education  shall,  on  application  from  such 
town  or  school  district,  examine  into  the  facts  of  the  case, 
and  decide  according  to  equity,  on  the  right  of  the  applicants 
to  receive  the  money  so  forfeited ;  and  if  he  decides  in  favor  of 
such  right,  and  so  certifies  to  the  comptroller,  the  same  shall 
be  paid  as  if  no  forfeiture  had  occurred. 

Sec.  248  Every  school  visitor  or  member  of  a  town  school 
committee  who  shall  fraudulently  make  or  join  in  making  any 
false  certificate,  by  reason  of  which  money  shall  be  drawn  from 
the  treasury  of  the  state,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  sixty 
dollars. 

Sec.  249  Any  town  complying  with  the  following  condi- 
tions may  secure  a  state  grant  for  the  schools  therein  for  the 
school  years  ending  July  14,  1920,  and  July  14,  1921,  of  three 
dollars  per  pupil  in  average  attendance  during  the  school  year 
ended  July  14,  1918.  No  town  shall  receive  such  grant  unless 
it  shall  have  raised  by  local  taxes  for  the  support  of  schools 
during  the  last  school  year  a  sunrnot  less  than  that  raised  in 
the  school  year  ending  July  14,  1918.  The  secretary  of  the 
board  of  school  visitors,  town  school  committee  or  board  of 
education  of  each  town  entitled  to  a  grant  under  the  provisions 
of  this  act  shall,  annually  on  or  before  the  fourteenth  day  of 
July,  certify  under  oath  to  the  state  board  of  education,  upon 
blanks  to  be  furnished  by  said  board,  the  average  attendance  in 
each  school  in  such  town,  and  shall  certify  also  that  the  schools 
of  the  town  have  been  kept  for  the  period  required  by  law 
during  the  year  ended  on  the  fourteenth  day  of  July  by 
teachers  legally  examined  and  found  qualified,  and  not  dis- 
approved by  the  state  board  of  education,  that  the  amount 


raised  by  tax  as  required  in  this  act  has  been  expended  for  the 
support  of  public  schools  and  that  the  amount  of  this  grant  has 
been  expended  for  compensation  of  teachers  and  for  no  other 
purpose.  The  comptroller,  on  application  of  said  board,  shall 
draw  his  order  on  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  each  such  town 
for  the  amount  authorized  to  be  paid  by  the  provisions  hereof. 

Sec.  250     Towns  having  a  grand  list  of  two  million  five  1917  ch   377 
hundred  thousand  dollars  or  less   shall  be  divided  into  five  Sec    1056 
classes  as  follows :     First  class,  towns  having  a  grand  list  of   Qassifica-  3* 
not  more  than  five  hundred  thousand  dollars;  second  class,  byngr°afndtoiists 
towns  having  a  grand  list  of  more  than  five  hundred  thousand 
dollars  but  not  in  excess  of  one  million  dollars;  third  class, 
towns  having  a  grand  list  of  more  than  one  million  dollars  but 
not  in  excess  of  one  million  five  hundred  thousand  dollars; 
fourth   class,  towns  having  a  grand  list  of  more  than  one 
million  five  hundred  thousand  dollars  but  not  in  excess  of  two 
million  dollars;  fifth  class,  towns  having  a  grand  list  of  more 
than  two  million  dollars  but  not  in  excess  of  two  million  five 
hundred  thousand  dollars. 

Sec.  251  Each  such  town  may  make  application  to  the  1917  ch  371 
state  board  of  education  for  the  proportional  amount  of  the  Jvcv  I0$?li 
salaries  paid  to  teachers  in  such  town,  and  said  board  shall  ^e  c^id  339 
certify  such  amount  to  the  comptroller,  who  shall  draw  his 
order  on  the  treasurer  for  such  proportion  of  the  salaries  as 
such  town  shall  be  entitled  to,  upon  the  following  basis: 
For  towns  in  the  first  class,  seventy-five  per  centum  of  the 
amount  paid  for  teachers'  salaries ;  towns  in  the  second 
class,  sixty  per  centum,  towns  in  the  third  class,  forty-five 
per  centum ;  towns  in  the  fourth  class,  thirty  per  centum ; 
and  towns  in  fifth  class,  twenty  per  centum.  Such  towns 
which  shall  have  paid  a  tax  in  any  year,  exclusive  of  any 
tax  for  the  cost  of  any  land  or  buildings,  of  not  less  than 
six  mills  for  the  maintenance  of  schools  and  the  money 
thereby  raised  shall  be  found  to  be  insufficient  to  maintain 
the  schools  therein  at  the  standard  required  by  the  state 
board  of  education,  may,  by  the  school  'board  of  said  town, 
apply  to  the  state  board  of  education  for  special  aid  and  upon 
ascertaining  that  necessity  for  such  aid  exists  and  upon  receipt 
of  a  certificate  from  the  tax  commissioner  showing  that  said 


IO2 


1917    ch      371 
Rev     1918 
Sec  1058 
1919    ch      339 
Thirty  dollars 
must  be  ex- 
pended for 
each  child 
in  average 
attendance 


1917,   ch     371 
Rev       1918 
Sec      1059 
1919    ch      339 
Annual     state- 
ments 


tax  of  six  mills  was  computed  on  a  valuation  of  the  property 
on  the  basis  required  by  the  general  statutes,  the  state  board  of 
education  may  make  such  provision  for  the  maintenance  of 
schools  in  such  town  as  the  educational  interests  therein  re- 
quire. Special  grants  provided  for  in  this  section  shall  be  sub- 
ject to  the  approval  of  the  board  of  control.  The  amount  of 
any  grant  of  special  aid  authorized  by  the  provisions  of  this  act 
shall  be  certified  by  the  secretary  of  said  state  board  to  the 
comptroller  who  shall  pay  the  same  to  the  school  board  of  such 
town  for  its  use  in  maintaining  the  schools  therein,  but  when 
any  grand  list  shall  include  choses  in  action  of  the  inhabitants 
of  any  town,  the  aggregate  amount  of  choses  in  action  may  be 
deducted  from  the  grand  list  and  the  classification  for  such 
town  shall  be  made  after  the  choses  in  action  shall  have  been 
so  deducted. 

Sec.  252  Each  such  town  shall,  annually,  in  July,  pre- 
sent to  the  state  board  of  education  a  statement  of  the  expenses 
of  the  maintenance  of  its  schools  during  the  year  last  preceding, 
which  statement  shall  show  that  such  town  has  expended  in 
its  support  of  schools,  a  sum  equal  to  thirty  dollars  for  each 
child  in  average  attendance,  as  determined  by  the  attested 
registers  of  the  schools  for  the  year  ending  July  fourteenth. 
Payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  indebtedness,  expenses 
for  new  buildings,  sites  and  permanent  improvements  shall  not 
be  included  in  computing  the  cost  per  child  in  average  atten- 
dance. 

Sec.  253  The  secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  or 
the  town  school  committee  of  each  town  entitled  to  payments 
under  the  provisions  of  sections  251  and  252  shall  annually,  on 
or  before  the  fourteenth  day  of  July,  certify,  under  oath,  to 
the  state  board  of  education,  upon  blanks  to  be  furnished  by 
said  state  board,  the  average  attendance  in  each  school  in  such 
town,  and  shall  also  certify  that  the  schools  in  such  town  have 
been  kept  open  for  the  period  required  by  law  during  each  year 
ending  on  the  fourteenth  day  of  July  by  teachers  not  dis- 
approved 'by  the  state  board  of  education  and  that  the  school 
buildings  are  in  good  repair  and  that  the  amount  of  payments 
provided  for  under  the  provisions  of  said  sections  have  been 
expended  for  teachers'  salaries  only. 


103 

CHAPTER  XVII 
Normal  Schools 

General   Statutes,    Chapter   59,    page   366 

Sec.  254     The    state   board   of    education   shall   maintain  G  s  sec  Jo6l 
normal  schools  as  seminaries  for  training  teachers  in  the  art   fee    2280 
of  instructing  and  governing  in  the  public  schools  of  this  state,   \g\7\  ch    303 
at  the  places  where  such  schools  are  legally  established,  and  slJ    1061 
such    sum    as    the    state    board    of    education    may    in    each  I*1?  +ch    278 

'  Maintenance 

year  deem  necessary  for  their  support,  not  exceeding  two  °ch™irsmal 
hundred  thousand  dollars,  for  the  normal  schools  at  New 
Britain,  New  Haven,  Willimantic  and  Danbury,  shall  be 
annually  paid  therefor  from  the  treasury  of  the  state,  on 
the  order  of  said  board;  but  the  board  shall  not  expend  any 
money  for  any  other  normal  school,  until  the  town,  city  or 
city  school  district,  in  which  such  school  is  situated,  shall 
have  agreed  in  writing  with  said  board  to  furnish,  and  shall 
have  furnished  schools  in  suitable  and  sufficient  school  build- 
ings in  connection  with  the  training  department  in  said  school, 
the  terms  of  such  agreement  to  be  satisfactory  to  said  board; 
and  every  such  town,  city  or  city  school  district  is  authorized 
to  make  and  execute  such  agreements. 

Sec.  255     The  number  of  pupils  in  each  school  shall  be  de-  G  s  sec  1062 
termined  by  the  state  board  of  education.     Said  board  may  sic    228i2 
make  regulations  governing  the  admission  of  candidates.     To  JSSsslonaof 
all  pupils  admitted  to  a  normal  school  all  its  privileges,  includ-   students 
ing  tuition,  shall  be  gratuitous ;  but  no  persons  shall  be  entitled 
to  these  privileges  until  they  have  filed  with  said  board  a 
written  declaration  that  their  object  in  securing  admission  to 
such  school  is  to  become  qualified  to  teach  in  public  schools, 
and  that  they  intend  to  teach  in  the  public  schools  of  this  state. 

Sec.  256     The  school  officers  in  each  town  shall  annually,  G  s  sec  J0dj 
upon  request,  forward  to  said  board  the  names  of  such  persons  §^    2282 
as  they  can  recommend  as  suitable  persons  in  age,  character,  f^gjj™  •  of 
talents  and  attainments,  to  be  received  as  pupils  in  said  schools. 

Sec.  257     The  state  board  of  education  shall  expend  the  G  s  sec  io64 
funds  provided  for  the  support  of  normal  schools,  appoint  and  ||J     ]|°| 
remove  their  teachers  and  make  rules  for  their  management;1   Expend!- 

turcs  *     so* 

shall  file  semi-annually  with  the  comptroller,  to  be  audited  by  mate;    re- 

1  See  Sec  76 


IO4 

him,  a  statement  of  the  receipts  and  expenses  on  account  of 
the  normal  schools,  and  shall  annually  make  to  the  governor  a 
report  of  the  condition  of  those  schools  and  the  doings  of  said 
board  in  connection  therewith. 

Rev^  ^oS65          Sec.  258     Said  board  may  establish  and  maintain  model 
Establish*         schools  under  permanent  teachers  approved  by  it,  in  which  the 
model  °schoois  P11P^S  °^  ^e  normal  schools  shall  have  an  opportunity  to  prac- 
tice modes  of  instruction  and  discipline. 

?909/ch  Ji98          ^ec*  259     Tke  state  board  °f  education  may  at  all  times 
Trained  maintain,  in  any  of  the  normal  schools,  one  student,  selected 

small  towns  on  the  basis  of  scholarship  and  general  fitness,  from  each  town 
in  the  state  having  a  valuation  by  the  board  of  equalization  of 
less  than  one  and  one-half  million  dollars,  upon  the  recommen- 
dation of  the  town  school  committee  or  board  of  school  visitors 
of  such  town ;  and  for  students  admitted  to  said  schools  under 
the  provisions  of  this  section  living  expenses,  not  to  exceed  one 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars  for  each  pupil  in  any  one  year,  shall 
be  provided  by  said  state  board  of  education  free  of  charge. 
Every  person  entering  a  normal  school  under  the  provisions  of 
this  section  shall  enter  into  an  agreement  with  the  state  board 
of  education  to  remain  at  the  normal  school  for  two  years, 
unless  in  case  of  ill  health  or  dismissal  by  the  school  author- 
ities, and  to  teach  in  one  of  the  towns  from  which  such  students 
are  nominated  or  appointed  for  a  period  of  three  years  after 
graduation  unless  excused  by  the  state  board  of  education. 
19$  *ch  I02$7  ^ec*  2^°  ^e  state  b°ard  of  education  is  directed  to  main- 
Summer  nor-  tain  in  connection  with  any  normal  school  a  summer  school. 
Such  school  shall  be  organized  for  the  benefit  of  persons  who 
have  not  taught  or  have  not  attended  normal  school  or  desire 
by  special  effort  in  vacation  to  complete  a  normal  school  course. 
The  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  annually  is  appropriated  for 
the  maintenance  of  such  schools,  and  the  comptroller  is  author- 
ized, on  the  application  of  the  state  board  of  education,  to  draw 
orders  on  the  treasurer  for  the  maintenance  of  such  schools. 


CHAPTER  XVIII 
Town  and  City  Meetings  and  Elections 

General   Statutes,   Chapter   15,  page   141 

Sec.  261     Except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law,  there  shall  G  s  sec  248 
be  held  in  every  town,  annually,  a  town  meeting  for  the  election  Sec    1793 
of  town  officers,  which  meeting  shall  be  designated  and  known  special   town 
as  the  annual  town  meeting ;  and  special  town  meetings  may  be 
convened  when  the  selectmen  shall  deem  it  necessary,  and  they 
shall  convene  a  special  town  meeting  on  application  of  twenty 
inhabitants  qualified  to  vote  in  town  meetings,  within  ten  days 
after  receiving  said  application;  and  town  meetings  may  be 
adjourned  from  time  to  time  as  the  interest  of  the  town  may 
require. 

Sec.  262     Any  town,  if  the  electors  thereof  shall  so  deter-  G  s  sec  249 

.         1917,    ch      227 

mine  by  ballot  at  an  annual  meeting  of  such  town  or  at  a  special  Biennial   eiec- 
meeting  thereof  duly  warned  and  held  for  that  purpose,  may,  officers 
at  the  annual  town  meeting  next  thereafter  held,  and  biennially 
thereafter,  elect  any  or  all  town  officers  required  by  law  to  be 
elected  annually,  to  hold  office  for  the  term  of  two  years  from 
the  date  of  their  election  and  until  their  successors  shall  be 
elected  and  qualified. 

Sec.  263     Except  as  otherwise  specially  provided  by  law,  £e^  "i^of0 
annual  town  meetings  shall  be  held  on  the  first  Monday  of  S|J5>  c£94203 

October.  Annual     town 

meetings  when 
held 

Sec.  264     The  warning  of   every  town  meeting,   and  of  g  s1  sec  251 

every  meeting  of  a  city,  borough,  school  society,  school  district  Sec^   1795 

or  other  public  community,  or  of  an  ecclesiastical  society,  or  of  Warnings  of 

proprietors   of   common  fields,   shall   specify  the  objects   for  borough   and 

i  '    i  •  c  •  other     meet- 

which  such  meeting  is  to  be  held.     Notice  ot  a  town  meeting  ings 
shall  be  given  by  setting  up  the  signposts  in  the  town  and  at 
such  other  place  or  places  as  may  be  designated  as  hereinafter 
provided,  a  printed  or  written  warning  signed  by  the  selectmen, 
or  a  majority  of  them,  and  by  publishing  a  like  warning  in  a  Sec  3552 

Sec  261  Whether  election  of  one  officer  is  legal,  when  law  requires  election 
of  a  board  of  officers,  quaere  32  C  108  An  annual  officer  usually  continues  until 
superseded  by  another  1  R  83;  6  C  437  Calling  of  special  meeting  for  legal 
purpose  is  obligatory  Immaterial  that  application  names  a  day  41  C  245  Vote 
may  be  rescinded  at  subsequent  meeting  34  C  108  There  is  no  office  of  "  town 
agent"  60  C  169  Mandamus  to  compel  calling  of  special  meeting;  reasonable 
certainty  enough  in  application  89  C  561 


io6 

newspaper  published  in  said  town  or  having  a  circulation 
therein,  such  posting  and  such  publication  to  be  at  least  five 
days  previous  to  holding  the  meeting,  including  the  day  that 
notice  is  given,  but  not  including  the  day  of  holding  said  meet- 
ing; but  any  town  may,  at  an  annual  meeting,  designate  any 
other  place  or  places,  in  addition  to  the  signposts,  at  which  such 
warnings  shall  be  set  up,  and  the  selectmen  shall,  on  or  before 
the  day  of  such  meeting,  cause  a  copy  of  every  such  warning  to 
be  left  with  the  town  clerk,  who  shall  record  the  same.  Notice 
of  a  meeting  of  a  city,  borough  or  school  society  shall  be  given 
by  setting  upon  the  signposts  within  the  limits  of  such  city, 
borough  or  society,  or  at  such  place  or  places  as  may  be  desig- 
nated by  special  charter  provision,  a  written  or  printed  warn- 
ing signed  by  the  mayor  or  clerk  in  the  case  of  a  city,  the 
warden  or  clerk  in  the  case  of  a  borough,  and  the  committee, 
or  a  majority  thereof,  in  the  case  of  a  school  society,  and  by 
publishing  a  like  warning  in  a  newspaper  published  within  the 
limits  of  such  city,  borough  or  school  society,  or  having  a 
circulation  therein,  at  least  five  days  previous  to  holding  the 
meeting,  including  the  day  that  notice  is  given  but  not  including 
the  day  of  holding  said  meeting ;  provided,  the  committee  of  a 
school  society  having  an  enumeration  of  less  than  one  hundred 
may,  on  giving  notice  by  posting,  in  its  discretion,  omit  the 
publication  of  the  warning  in  a  newspaper  as  above  prescribed. 

Sec  264  Both  warning  and  notice  are  requisite  for  legal  meeting  4  D  62;  5 
C  391;  37  C  392;  44  C  157;  52  C  483;  58  C  488;  60  C  165;  121  U.  S.  121 
Warning  is  to  be  affirmatively  proved  8  C  247  Town  clerk's  record  that  meet- 
ing was  legally  warned  is  prim  a  facie  evidence  thereof  25  C  555;  see  12] 
121  The  hour  of  meeting  presumed  to  be  a  proper  hour  13  C  227  I  he  notice 
should  fairly  state  the  purpose  of  meeting  13  C  227;  15  C  327;  36  C  J»*J_M  .*- 
577;  58  C  488  The  town  may  act  within  the  limits  of  the  warning  55  C  245 
The  statute  prescribed  method  of  notice,  while  by  its  vote  the  society  prescribed 
more  general  notice  Held  that  the  society  vote  was  merely  directory  15  C  327 
A  validating  act  of  the  general  assembly  cures  all  defects  incident  to  the  act 
validated  52  C  45  "Soldier's  bounty"  validating  acts,  so  held  32  C  47;  37  C 
225  Town  has  no  inherent  legal  powers  32  C  47  The  warning  needs  no  ad- 
dress, but  addressed  "to  the  inhabitants"  is  valid  32  C  47  Clerk's  certificate 
imports  verity  only  as  to  matters  of  lawful  consideration  44  C  158;  51  C  tt 
Five  days  "before  the  meeting,  means  five  days  before  the  day  of  meeting  _  51  C 
A  meeting  illegally  warned  voted  a  guarantee;  a  subsequent  legal  meeting  voted 
"  to  let  conditions  of  former  vote  remain  as  they  now  stand  "  Held  not  to  be  a 
ratification  51  C  22;  see  121  U  S  121  The  town  is  not  estopped  by  erroneous 
record  of  town  clerk,  as  against  one  acting  under  it  51  C  22  Meeting  voted  to 
adjourn  "  to  Wednesday  evening;"  held  to  mean  the  next  Wednesday  52  t 
Unless  restrictive  in  terms,  a  subsequent  board  of  selectmen  may  carry  out  the 
purpose  of  a  vote  52  G  498  As  to  what  constitutes  an  appropriation  58  C  486 
Town  may  by  acquiescence  ratify  unauthorized  act  of  selectmen  59  C  447 
General  notice  sufficient  as  to  action  required  by  law  77  C  197  Notice  published 
in  newspaper  four  days  before  meeting  insufficient  83  C  331 


Sec.  265  The  person  who  posts,  causes  to  be  published,  or 
in  any  other  manner  gives  notice  of  the  warning  for  any  meet- 
ing of  a  town,  city,  borough,  school  society,  school  district  or 
other  public  community,  or  of  an  ecclesiastical  society,  or  of 
proprietors  of  common  fields,  shall  make  return,  in  writing,  to 
the  person  whose  duty  it  is  to  keep  a  record  of  such  meeting, 
showing  the  notice  given  of  such  warning,  and  such  return 
shall  be  kept  on  file,  and  recorded  at  length  «with  the  warning 
or  doings  of  such  meeting. 

Sec.  266  There  shall  be  elected  by  every  town,  at  its 
annual  town  meeting,  such  number  of  school  visitors  as  such 
town  is  required  by  law  to  elect,  and  they  shall  be  elected  in 
the  manner  and  for  the  term  or  terms  by  law  prescribed.1 

Sec.  267  The  terms  of  office  of  elective  town  officers, 
when  not  otherwise  prescribed,  shall  be  for  one  year  from  the 
date  of  their  election,  and  the  terms  of  those  appointed  by  the 
board  of  selectmen  shall  expire  on  the  day  of  the  annual  town 
meeting  next  succeeding  their  appointment.2  • 

Sec.  268  3Assessors,  members  of  boards  of  relief,  select- 
men, town  clerks,  town  treasurers,  agents  of  the  town  deposit 
fund,4  auditors,  grand  jurors,  collectors  of  taxes,  constables, 
registrars  of  voters,  high  school  committees,5  school  visitors,6 


G  S  sec  252 
1911,   ch    *195 
Warnings 
of    meetings 
to  be  re- 
corded 


See    Sec    3552 
G  S 


G  S  sec  264 
Rev       1902 
Sec       1804 
School  visi- 
tors 


G  S  sec  266 
Rev       1902 
Sec    1806 
Official    terms 
of    town     of- 
ficers 

See    Sec      249 

G  S  sec  267 
Rev  -    1902 
Sec       1808 
1903,    ch      162 
1907,   ch     227 
Ballot    for 
and     appoint- 
ment   of    town 
officers 


1  See  Sec     268 

2  Sees  36,  151,   173,  266,  268 

3  Town   school   officers   must  be  elected  at  annual   town   meeting      See    §  §    151, 
266,   also   town   library   directors      §  280 

4  §  323         5  §   184       In  towns  having  no  town  school  C9mmittee  the  high  school 
committee  may  in  certain  cases  be  appointed  by  school  visitors      §  185 

6  §  §   16,  36.  169,  170,  266,  270 
1  Powers  and  duties  of  selectmen   in  connection   with 

1  Enforcement  of  laws  relating  to  attendance 

a     approve   commitment   of    truants    to    Connecticut   School   for   Boys      §  28 

b     allow  fees  of  truant  officers     §  29 

c     appoint   special   constables   on   nomination   of  school   visitors     §347 

2  Boundary  lines  of  districts     §  113 

3  District  meetings 

a     determine   in   certain   cases    place    of   meeting   when   there    is    no    school- 
house     §   123 

b     give  notice  of  meeting  if  no  district  officers     §   124     ' 
c     call  meeting  of  new  district     §   133 

4  Consolidated  districts 

a     shall  appraise  property  in  case  of  joint  districts     §  §   157   177 

b     shall  give  notice  of  consolidation  to  adjoining  towns     §   16'1 

c     may  call  special  meetings  to  close  up  affairs  of  abolished  districts     §   162 

d     shall   lay   tax  and  pay  debts  after  consolidation     §   163 

e     shall  collect  all  dues  and  demands  in  favor  of  abolished  districts     §   164 


determine   amounts   to  be   paid   by   districts   to   town   on   abandonment   of 

union  system  and  lay  tax  if  necessary     §   165 
shall  provide  ballot  boxes  for  election  in  certain  cases     §   148 


io8 

town  school  committees1  and  library  directors2  shall  be  voted 
for  by  ballot;  but  all  other  town  officers  provided  for  by  law 
See  Sec  286  shall  be  appointed  by  the  board  of  selectmen  of  the  several 
towns  respectively.  Any  town,  at  a  town  meeting  duly  warned 
for  the  purpose,  may  pass  votes  determining,  within  the  limits 
by  law  provided,  the  number  of  its  officers  and  prescribing  the 
mode  in  which  they  shall  be  voted  for  at  subsequent  meetings, 
but  no  alteration  of  such  number  shall  take  effect  until  after  the 
adjournment  of  the  meeting  by  which  it  was  adopted.  If  in 
any  town  the  powers  of  grand  jurors  therein  are  vested  in  other 
prosecuting  officers,  the  nomination  and  election  of  grand 
jurors  may  be  omitted  in  such  town. 

Rev  Sei902  ^GC*  2^9     "^n  a^  e^ect^ons  °^  town  officers  a  plurality  of  the 

Sec    1809        votes  cast  shall  be  sufficient  to  elect,  unless  it  is  otherwise  ex- 
Piuraiity   of     pressly  provided  by  law.3 

votes    to    elect    r  J   t  j 

Sec.  270     If  any  town  office  in  any  town  shall  be  vacant 

Sec  t?i4         by  the  neglect  of  the  town  to  elect  or  appoint,  or  the  refusal  of 

ho^mied         any  person  appointed  to  act,  or  by  the  death  or  removal4  of  any 

person  appointed,  or  from  any  other  cause,  such  town,  if  such 

office  is  an  elective  office,  may  in  legal  town  meeting  fill  the 

GeesSe  vacancy  except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law;  but  until  the 

town  shall  fill  it,  such  vacancy  may  be  filled  by  the  selectmen, 

and  the  selectmen  shall  fill  all  vacancies  that  may  arise  in  offices 

to  which  they  have  power  of  appointment.5 


5  Estimates 

shall  in  joint  board  meeting  make  preliminary  estimates     §  234 

6  Appropriations 

a     shall  in  joint  board  meeting  fix  amounts  for  respective  districts     §  236 
b     mav  as  joint  board  with  school  visitors  appropriate  money  for  libraries 

197 
c     shall  as  joint  board  report  cost  for  preceding  year  to  town  meeting     § 

236 
d     shall    in    joint   board    meeting    pass    upon    cost    of    school    in    excess    of 

appropriation     §  238 

e     shall  cause  sums  due  joint  districts  to  be  paid     §   245 
f     shall  give  order  for  money  in  case  of  district  neglecting  to  open  school 

§  141 

7  Taxation 

act  with  assessors  as  board  of  relief     §  293 

8  Manage  property  of  town  in  certain  cases    '§  43 

9  Provide  nags     §  §  44,  45 

10  Take  bond  of  treasurer  of  town  deposit  fund     §  322 

11  Fill  vacancies  in  certain  cases     §§267,  270 

12  Post  signs  to  u'arn  persons  operating  motor  vehicles  to  reduce  speed  when 
within  five  hundred  feet  of  schoolhouse,  §  396 

1  ?  §  149,  150,  173  2  §  §   279,  280 

»  Sees  37,   151,   173,  184,  280 

4  Removal  means  removal  from  the  town     19  Conn  334 

e  This  section  does  not  apply  to  town  high  school  committees,   Sec  36,   184,  268 


109 

Sec.  271     The  moderator  of  any  town  meeting,  and  of  any  £ej  se\y$ 
meeting  of  any  society  or  other  community  lawfully  assembled,  pj;cer18i7 
may,  when  any  disorder  arises  in  the  meeting,  and  the  offender  moderator   to 

suppress  dis- 

shall  refuse  to  submit  to  his  lawful  authority,  order  any  proper  order 

officer  to  take  him  into  custody,  and,  if  necessary,  to  remove 

him  from  such  meeting  until  he  shall  conform  to  order,  or,  if 

need  be,  until  such  meeting  shall  be  closed,  and  thereupon  such  See  Sec  6Q2 

officer  shall  have  power  to  command  all  necessary  assistance,  G  s 

and  any  person  refusing  to  assist  when  commanded  shall  be 

liable  to  the  same  penalities  as  for  refusing  to  assist  sheriffs 

and  constables  in  the  execution  of  their  offices ;  but  no  person 

commanded  to  assist  shall  be  deprived  of  his  right  to  act  in  the 

meeting,  nor  shall  the  offender  be  so  deprived  any  longer  than 

he  refuses  to  conform  to  order.1 

Sec.  272  The  town  clerks  of  the  several  towns  shall,  G  s  sec  2?B 
within  ten  days  after  the  election  of  such  officers,  return  to  the  f^T  i1!^2 
secretary  of  the  state  the  names  of  the  persons  elected  to  the  Returns  by 

y  town    clerk    of 

offices  of  selectmen,  town  treasurer,  assessors,  grand  jurors,  f|^Jj°en  Va0ntj 
constables,  school  visitors  or  school  committee  with  date  of 
expiration  of  term,  and  registrars  of  voters,  also  the  number  of 
votes  for  and  against  license,  and  if  no  vote  was  taken  thereon, 
said  return  shall  state  whether  the  last  preceding  vote  was  for 
license  or  no  license.  Every  town  clerk  neglecting  to  make 
such  return  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty-five  dollars. 

Sec.  273     Any  person  elected  to  the  office  of  assessor  and  G  s  scc  28l 
having  accepted  the  same,  who  shall  afterwards  refuse  to  be  seecv    ^22 
sworn  or  to  perform  the  duties  of  the  office,  shall  be  fined  Penalties   for 

refusing   to 

thirty  dollars ;  and  any  person  elected  to  any  other  town  office  ^fUrm^ 
than  that  of  assessor  or  town  clerk,  and,  accepting  the  same,  or  certain   duties 
not  declaring  his  refusal  to  accept,  who  shall  neglect  to  perform 
the  duties  of  the  office,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  ten  dollars ; 
and  any  person  elected  to  any  town  office  to  which  he  is  eligible, 
who  shall  refuse  to  accept  the  same  and  take  the  oath  pre- 
scribed by  law,  shall,  unless  he  has  reasonable  excuse  for  such 
refusal,  be  fined  five  dollars;  and  any  town  clerk  who  shall 
neglect  to  perform  the  duties  of  his  office,  shall  be  fined  not 
more  than  fifty  dollars.     Every  moderator  of  a  town  meeting 

1  The  enforcement  of  this  provision  requires  no  issue  of  process     65  Conn  30 
Sec  272     The  enforcement  of  this  provision  requires  no  issue  of  process     65 
Conn  30 


no 

,     who  shall  neglect  to  make  any  return  required  by  law  shall  be 

fined  twenty  dollars. 

Rev  se  190*2  ^ec'  2?4     ^ny  Person  claiming  to  have  been  elected  select- 

i9os  lh23 135  man>   clei"k,   treasurer,   collector  of   taxes,   or  justice  of   the 
1907,'  ch    6      peace,  assessor,  grand  juror,  constable,  registrar  of  voters,  or 

City    and  .  -    ,  .      ,  .  .. 

town   eiec-       registrar  of  births,   marriages   and   deaths   of   any   town,   or 

tions,    how  ..  .. 

contested  mayor,  clerk,  treasurer,  auditor,  collector  of  taxes,  alderman 
or  councilman  of  any  city,  or  to  any  other  town,  city  or 
borough  office,  but  not  so  declared,  may,  within  sixty  days  after 
the  time  of  holding  the  election,  bring  his  petition  to  any  judge 
of  the  superior  court,  alleging  the  facts  on  which  such  claim  is 
founded,  which  shall  be  served  upon  the  party  against  whom 
the  claim  is  made  at  least  six  days  before  the  return  day,  and 
returnable  not  more  than  sixty-six  days  after  the  day  of  such 
election,  and  such  judge  shall  thereupon  hear  and  determine 
said  petition,  and  his  decision  thereon  shall  be  conclusive,  and 
if  in  favor  of  the  petitioner,  his  certificate  to  that  effect,  under 
the  seal  of  the  court,  shall  entitle  the  petitioner  to  hold  and 
exercise  the  duties  and  powers  of  such  office;  but  this  section 
shall  not  affect  the  right  of  appeal  to  the  supreme  court  of 
errors  for  the  revision  of  questions  of  law  arising  thereon,  and 
it  shall  not  prevent  such  judge  from  reserving  such  questions 
of  law,  by  consent  of  all  parties,  for  the  advice  of  said  supreme 
court  of  errors.  And  said  judge  may,  if  necessary,  issue  his 
writ  of  mandamus,  requiring  the  adverse  party  and  those  under 
him  to  deliver  to  the  petitioner  the  appurtenances  of  such 
office,  and  shall  cause  his  finding  and  decree  to  be  entered  on 
the  records  of  said  superior  court  in  the  proper  county. 

CHAPTER  XIX 
Public  Libraries 

G  S  sec  noo  General  Statutes,  Chapter  64,  page  375 

lils    4ch44i          ^ec*  2?5     ^ny  town>   ^ty'  borough  or  fire  district  may 
191  s,  ch    156  establish  a  public  library,  the  use  of  which,  under  proper  regu- 

Establish- 

ment    by  gec      274      This    provision    is   constitutional      Information    should   show    relator's 

municipal!-  election     Alleged  errors  must  appear  to  be  injurious     Certificate  of  judge  is  con- 

clusive 51  C  113  Appeal  to  supreme  court  carries  stay  of  execution  62  C  488 
Quo  u-arranto  is  a  means  to  oust  an  illegal  incumbent,  but  not  to  induct  the 
rightful  person  66  C  294  Facts  held  to  justify  order  of  iudge  that  ballot  boxes 
be  opened;  mere  irregularities  in  arrangement  of  polling  places  not  enough  to  in- 
validate election  75  C  50  Pleading;  after  ballots  recounted  errors  m  inter- 
locutory rulings  immaterial  85  C  396  See  notes  to  Sees  275,  576,  590,  595 


Ill 

lations,  shall  be  free  to  its  inhabitants,  and  may  expend  such 
sum  of  money  as  may  be  necessary  to  provide  and  furnish  ||J  ^s 
suitable  rooms,  or  a  suitable  building  for  the  library  so  estab- 
lished, or  for  a  previously  existing  public  library,  the  use  of 
which  is  free  to  its  inhabitants. 

Sec.  276     Any   town,   city,   borough   or   fire   district  may  G^  scc^  noi 
expend  such  sums  of  money  as  may  be  necessary  to  purchase  isisl  ch    ise 
land  for  a  suitable  site  for  a  public  library,  situated  in  such  library  site 

.  ~          ,.  ,      and     library 

town,  city,  borough  or  fire  district,  and  may  appropriate  such  maintenance 

sums  of  money  as  may  be  necessary  to  maintain  such  library 

for  a  term  not  exceeding  ten  years,  which  library  may  be  the 

property  of  any  corporation  without  capital  stock,  or  may  be 

the  property  of  such  town,  city,  borough  or  fire  district  and 

shall  be  free  to  the  inhabitants  of  such  town,  city,  borough  or 

fire  district. 

Sec.  277  Any  town,  city,  borough  or  fire  district  may  ^s  se{^2 
annually  expend  such  sum  of  money  as  shall  be  necessary  for  fj^  4£25  ^ 
the  proper  maintenance  and  increase  of  a  free  public  library  191S»  ch  1S6 

Appropria- 

within  its  limits.  Any  such  municipality  shall  have  the  power  tions 
at  any  meeting,  duly  called  for  the  purpose,  to  fix  by  a  proper 
by-law  or  ordinance  the  amount  which  shall  be  annually  ex- 
pended for  the  public  library  therein.  The  treasurer  of  such 
municipality  shall  thereafter  annually  pay,  upon  the  order  of 
the  officer  designated  by  the  directors  or  trustees  managing  its 
public  library,  the  bills  incurred  for  the  maintenance  and  in- 
crease of  said  library,  not  exceeding  in  the  aggregate  the  sum 
specified  in  said  by-law.  The  town  clerk  may  deposit  in  a 
public  library  within  his  town  any  books,  other  than  records, 
placed  by  law  or  otherwise  in  his  custody. 

Sec.  278     Any  town,  city,  borough  or  fire  district  may  re-   ReJ  se{9^3 
ceive,  hold  and  manage  any  devise,  bequest  or  gift  for  the  i^5,  4ch26  41 
establishment,   increase   or   maintenance  of    a   public   library  J?.^'  c 
within  its  limits.1 

Sec.  279     In  the  absence  of  any  other  lawful  provision  for  c  $  sec  1104 
the  management  of  a  public  library  in  any  town,  city,  borough  sec  194629 
or  fire  district  the  said  town,  city,  borough  or  fire  district  shall  1915'  ch   ise 
elect  a  board  of  directors2  who  shall  manage  said  library.    Said  Directors 
board  may,  from  time  to  time,  make  by-laws  for  its  own  gov- 

1  Devise   to   city,   with   discretionary   power   as   to   its   application,   sustained,    al- 
though  at  the  time   of  testator's   death  there   was  no   public   library     60    Conn   32 

2  Sec     268 


112 

ernment  and  may  adopt  rules  controlling  the  use  of  the  library 
and  the  administration  of  its  affairs.  Said  board  shall  have 
the  exclusive  right  to  expend  according  to  its  best  judgment 
all  money  appropriated  by  the  town,  city,  borough  or  fire  dis- 
trict for  the  library,  and  shall  have  control  of  the  library 
grounds,  buildings  and  rooms. 

Re?  sei9Q25  Sec.  280  The  first  election  of  directors  may  take  place  at 
1905,  4ch3°  41  any  meeting  of  the  town,  city,  borough  or  fire  district  called  for 
Directors'  tnat  purpose.  It  shall  first  be  determined  by  a  by-law  or  ordi- 
nance of  the  municipality,  to  be  adopted  at  this  meeting,  what 
the  number  of  directors  constituting  said  board  shall  be,  such 
number  to  be  in  all  cases  one  divisible  by  three.1  One-third  of 
this  number  shall  then  be  elected2  by  ballot  to  hold  office  until 
the  next  annual  meeting,  one-third  until  the  second  annual 
meeting,  and  one-third  until  the  third  annual  meeting  there- 
after. At  each  subsequent  annual  meeting  of  such  munici- 
pality, one-third  of  the  directors  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  to 
hold  office  for  three  years.  No  director  of  a  public  library  so 
elected  shall  receive  compensation  for  any  services  rendered 
as  director. 

Rev  sei902°6  Sec.  28 1  The  state  board  of  education,  annually,  shall 
1903,  th31 142  appoint  five  persons  who  shall  constitute  the  Connecticut  public 
1909,'  ch  100  library  committee.  The  committee  may  expend  a  sum  not  to 
R9ev5>  1918  2°9  exceed  six  thousand  dollars  for  carrying  out  the  purposes 
I9i9llh6  197  stated  in  section  282  for  clerical  assistance  and  for  incidental 
p£biic°ticut  and  necessary  expenses  incurred  in  the  discharge  of  its  duties. 
Committee;  Said  committee  shall  semi-annually  render  to  the  comptroller 
expense  an  account  of  a\\  moneys  expended  by  it  under  the  pro- 

visions of  this  section.  No  member  of  said  committee  shall 
receive  any  compensation  for  his  services,  but  the  necessary 
expenses  of  the  members  shall  be  paid  by  the  state.  All  moneys 
expended  by  authority  of  the  provisions  of  this  section  and  of 
section  282  shall  be  paid  by  the  treasurer  on  approval  and  order 
of  the  comptroller. 

?90S5,  sch  /J98  Sec-  28^  The  Connecticut  Public  Library  Committee  shall 
Connecticut  '  mve  to  communities  advice  and  assistance  in  the  organization, 

Public 

Library  establishment  and  administration  of  free  public  libraries,  and 

Committee; 
duties 

1  Sec  268 

2  Plurality  elects,  Sec   269 


H3 

shall  extend  to  all  free  public  libraries  aid  in  selecting  and  cata- 
loguing books  and  in  library  management,  and  may  for  the 
purposes  of  this  section  visit  and  inspect  libraries  organized 
under  the  provisions  of  section  285,  and  may  suggest  improve- 
ments in  said  libraries.  Said  committee  is  authorized  to  pur- 
chase and  arrange  books  and  pictures  to  be  loaned  to  such 
public  libraries,  schools,  associations  and  individuals  as  the 
committee  may  select. 

Sec.  283     The  librarian  or  director  of  any  public  library   G  s  sec  no8 

1,1  1  p  11-1  •  ,  •  Rev       1902 

and  the  teachers  ot  any  pu'bhc  school  may  ask  said  committee  Sec    4632 
for  advice  and  assistance  in  regard  to  the  selection,  purchase  pubiic°tlcut 
and  cataloguing  of  books,  and  any  other  matters  pertaining  to   Committee; 


the  maintenance  or  administration  of  the  library,  and  the  com- 
mittee  shall  give  advice  and  assistance  in  regard  to  said  matters 
so  far  as  it  shall  find  it  practicable  to  do  so.  The  committee 
shall  annually  report  its  doings  to  the  governor. 

Sec.  284     The  Connecticut  Public  Library  Committee  may   1919  Chap 
provide  and  shall  have  the  care  and  supervision  of  suitable   Connecticut 
libraries  in  the  penal  and  charitable  institutions  of  the  state   Library 
subject  to  such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  directors  of  such  ma^rovlde  ' 

.....  ,  for     libraries 

institutions  may  make.  in  penal  and 

charitable     in- 
stitutions 

Sec.  285     If  any  town  having  no  free  public  library  shall   ^  $  se\9Q2°9 
establish  a  free  public  library  and  shall  provide  for  the  care,   Sec    4633 
custody  and  distribution  of  books  and  for  the  future  main    tion  for 

.  i»'..  •.-«-.  »H  •  •  town     libraries 

tenance  and  increase  of  such  library  in  a  manner  satisractor) 
to  said  library  committee,  said  committee  may  expend  for 
books  to  be  selected  by  the  said  committee  a  sum  not  to  exceed 
the  amount  expended  by  the  said  town  for  the  establishment 
of  such  library  and  not  to  exceed  two  hundred  dollars. 

Sec.  286     The  treasurer  of  the  state  shall  pay  the  bills  in-  G  s  sec  mo 

.    ,  .  •     ..;  1-1  Rev       1902 

curred  under  the  provisions  of  law  for  free  libraries,  upon   Sec    4634 
the  order  of  the  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education.    Said   state 
board  shall  keep  an  account  of  all  moneys  expended  under  j£y  si>5is    1 
sections  281,  282  and  285,  and  the  comptroller  shall  annually 
audit   said  account.     The   provisions   of   sections  24  and  26 
of   the   General   Statutes   shall  not  apply  to  the  payment  of 
money  expended  under  sections  281,  282,  and  285. 


Sec.  287     No  person  shall  be  ineligible  by  reason  of  sex 
to  serve  on  the  board  of  directors  of  any  public  library,  or  on 


G  S  sec  mi 
Rev      1902 
Sec      4635 

directors;          the  Connecticut  Public  Library  Committee. 

women 
eligible 


G  S  sec  1112 
Rev      1902 
Sec       4636 
Reports    by 
libraries 


G  S  sec  1113 
Rev  1902 
Sec     4637 
1911,   ch     3 
1917,    ch     212 
Expendi- 
tures  by 
public     library 
committee 


Sec.  288  The  libraries  established  under  the  provisions  of 
this  chapter,  and  any  free  public  library  receiving  a  state 
appropriation,  shall  annually  make  a  report  to  the  Connecticut 
Public  Library  Committee. 

Sec.  289  In  towns  whose  grand  list  exceeds  one  million 
two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars,  the  Connecticut 
Public  Library  Committee  may  expend  annually,  for  books 
selected  by  it  for  any  free  public  library,  a  sum  not  to  exceed 
the  amount  annually  appropriated  and  expended  by  the  town 
for  the  increase  of  such  library. 


G  S  sec  1323 
Rev      1902 
Sec      2415 
1913,    ch      13 
School    dis- 
trict   taxes, 
levied  on 
what 


G  S  sec  1324 
Rev      1902 
Sec      2416 
Town    poor- 
house     proper- 
ty  taxable    for 
schoolhouse 


CHAPTER  XX 
School  District  Taxes 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  68,  Page  436  1 

Sec.  290  All  taxes  levied  by  any  school  district  shall  be 
levied  on  the  real  estate  situated  therein,  and  the  ratable 
personal  property  of  those  persons  who  belonged  to  said  dis- 
trict at  the  time  of  laying  such  tax,  and  upon  any  manufactur- 
ing or  mechanical  business,  subject  to  taxation,  which  is  located 
or  carried  on  in  said  district,  not  including  therein  the  value  of 
any  real  estate  situated  out  of  the  district,  and  also  upon 
any  mercantile  business  carried  on  in  said  district  by  any 
person  or  persons  who  do  not  reside  in  the  town  in  which  said 
school  district  is  situated;  and  neither  the  business  so  taxed 
nor  any  real  estate  in  said  district  shall  be  taxed  in  any  other 
district. 

Sec.  291  When  any  school  district  having  within  its 
boundaries  any  town  almshouse  and  farm,  shall  impose  any 
tax  for  the  purpose  of  building  or  repairing  its  schoolhouse, 

Sec  290  Real  estate  in  any  district  taxable  there,  whatever  owner's  residence 
4  D  376;  11  C  479  Votes  imposing  school  taxes  inartificially  drawn  held  valid 
15  C  331  Rate  bill  not  invalid  because  it  did  not  show  on  what  list  laid  15  C  447 
Personal  property  of  deceased  person's  estate  in  settlement  taxable  in  district  of  his 
domicil  at  death  38  C  443  District  may  tax  to  pay  old  debt  76  C  695 
1  For  exemptions  see  Chapter  159  public  acts  of  1919 


said  real  estate  owned  by  said  town  shall  not  be  exempt  from 
such  taxation. 

Sec.  292  When  real  estate  in  any  district  is  so  entered 
in  the  list  of  the  town  in  common  with  other  real  estate 
situated  out  of  said  district  that  there  is  no  distinct  and 
separate  value  put  by  the  assessors  upon  the  part  lying  in  said 
district,  one  or  more  of  the  assessors  of  the  town  in  which  said 
property  is  situated  shall,  on  application  of  said  district,  value 
said  part  lying  in  said  district  and  return  a  list  of  the  same  to 
the  clerk  of  said  district ;  and  notice  of  such  valuation,  and  of 
the  meeting  of  the  assessors  and  selectmen  mentioned  in  sec- 
tion 293,  shall  be  given  by  the  district  committee  in  the  same 
way  as  a  notice  for  district  meetings. 

Sec.  293  At  the  end  of  ten  days  after  such  return  of  said 
list,  the  assessors  and  selectmen  of  the  town  shall  meet  in  such 
place  as  said  committee  shall  designate  in  such  notice,  and 
shall  have  the  same  power,  in  relation  to  such  list,  that  the 
board  of  relief  has  in  relation  to  town  lists ;  and  no  deduction 
or  abatement  shall  be  made  on  account  of  the  indebtedness  of 
the  owner  of  any  real  estate  so  taxed,  unless  both  the  debtor 
and  the  creditor  belong  to  said  district;  and  such  list,  when 
perfected  by  said  assessors  and  selectmen,  shall  be  lodged  with 
the  town  clerk ;  and  said  valuation  shall  be  the  rule  of  taxation 
for  said  real  estate  by  said  district  for  the  year  ensuing;  and 
said  assessors  shall  be  paid  by  said  district  a  reasonable  com- 
pensation for  their  services. 

Sec.  294  When  any  real  estate  in  any  district  liable  to 
taxation  has  not  been  put  into  the  town  list,  one  or  more  of 
the  assessors  of  the  town  in  which  such  omission  has  occurred, 
on  application  of  said  district,  shall  value  such  real  estate,  and 
add  such  property  to  the  list  of  the  district. 

Sec.  295  When  a  district  lays  a  tax  on  the  town  list  last 
completed,  and  the  title  to  any  real  estate  appearing  on  said  list 
has  been  in  any  way  changed  before  the  time  of  laying  said  tax, 
one  or  more  of  the  assessors  of  the  town  in  which  such  change 
of  property  has  occurred,  on  application  of  such  district,  shall 
value  said  real  estate  in  the  name  of  the  person  owning  it  at 

Sec     291     This  section  implies  that  poorhouses  are  not  otherwise  taxable     91   C 
590 

Sec     292     Doings  of  assessors  under  this  section  upheld  and  construed       15   C 
447;  76  C  696 


G  S  sec  1325 
Rev      1902 
Sec      2417 
Land   partly 
in     district 
Assessment 
of  part  in  dis- 
trict 


G  S  sec  1326 
Rev      1902 
Sec      2418 
Board   of   re- 
lief      Deduc- 
tions   for    in- 
debtedness 


G  S  sec  1327 
Rev      1902 
Sec      2419 
1913,   ch      20 
Listing    of 
real    estate 
omitted     from 
town    list 

G    S    sec    1328 
Rev      1902 
Sec       2420 
Assessment 
of   land    with 
title    changed 
since   town 
list 


the  time  of  laying  said  tax,  and  deduct  the  same  from  the  list 
of  the  person  in  whose  name  it  stood  on  the  town  list. 

Rev  Si902329  *Sec.  296  The  assessors  in  performing  the  duties  men- 
tioned in  sections  294  and  295  shall  proceed  in  the  manner 

assMesmefntsuch  prescribed  for  assessing  real  estate  in  section  292.1 

1  The  following  sections  of  the  General  Statutes  apply  to  district  taxes 

Sec  1253  Society,  school  district  and  highway  taxes  shall  be  laid  either 
on  the  assessment  list  of  the  town  last  before  or  on  the  next  thereafter  com- 
pleted, and  be  payable  within  one  year  after  they  are  laid 

Sec  1279  Every  collector  of  taxes  shall,  before  he  receives  any  tax  warrant, 
give  to  the  community  of  which  he  is  collector,  a  bond  with  surety  to  the  accept- 
ance of  the  selectmen,  committee  or  authority  signing  the  rate  bill,  for  the  faith- 
ful discharge  of  his  duties;  but  every  town  tax  collector  shall  procure  such  bond 
from  a  surety  company  of  good  standing,  approved  by  the  selectmen,  and  the 
premium  on  such  bond  shall  be  paid  by  the  town  treasurer  upon  order  of  the 
selectmen 

Sec  1284  The  tax  book  of  any  collector  of  town,  city,  borough  or  school 
district  taxes,  shall  be  at  all  reasonable  times  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  tax- 
payer, and  to  any  auditor  of  public  accounts  of  such  town,  city,  borough  or  school 
district  Any  collector  who  shall,  after  request,  refuse  to  exhibit  his  tax  book  as 
aforesaid,  shall  forfeit  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars  to  such  town,  city,  borough 
or  school  district,  and  such  penalty  may  be  recovered  by  an  action  on  such  col- 
lector's official  bond 

Sec  1292  Every  collector  of  town  taxes  shall,  except  as  otherwise  specially 
provided  by  law,  publish  a  notice  of  the  time  and  place  at  which  he  will  receive 
them,  by  advertising  in  a  newspaper  published  in  said  town,  or  if  no  newspaper 
is  published  in  said  town,  then  the  same  may  be  published  in  any  newspaper  of 
the  state  having  a  general  circulation  in  such  town,  at  least  once  a  week  for 
three  successive  weeks  next  preceding  the  time  in  such  notice  appointed,  and  by 
posting  on  a  signpost  in  his  town  at  least  three  weeks  before  said  time;  and  col- 
lectors of  other  taxes  shall  appoint  a  time  and  place  for  receiving  the  same,  and 
give  reasonable  notice  thereof;  and  if  any  tax  laid  by  any  town,  city,- borough  or 
school  district,  except  as  otherwise  specially  provided  by  law,  shall  remain  unpaid 
for  one  month,  after  the  same  shall  become  due  and  payable,  interest  at  the  rate 
of  nine  per  centum  shall  be  charged  from  the  time  when  such  tax  becomes  clue 
until  the  same  shall  be  paid,  which  shall  be  collectible  as  a  part  of  said,  tax;  and 
said  collectors  shall  keep  an  accurate  and  separate  account  of  all  such  additions, 
and  the  time  when  the  same  may  be  received,  and  shall  pay  over  the  same  as  a 
part  of  said  tax 

Sec  1294  Taxes  shall  become  due  on  the  first  day  on  which  the  collector 
thereof,  according  to  the  terms  of  the  notice  given  by  him,  is  ready  to  receive 
them 

Sec  1313  All  taxes,  properly  assessed,  shall  become  a  debt  due  from  the 
person,  persons,  or  corporation,  against  whom  they  are  respectively  assessed,  to 
the  town,  city,  district  or  community  in  whose  favor  they  are  assessed,  and  may 
be,  in  addition  to  the  other  remedies  provided  by  law,  recovered  by  any  proper 
action,  in  the  name  of  the  community  in  whose  favor  they  are  assessed;  but  the 
bringing  of  an  action  under  this  section  shall  in  no  way  whatsoever  affect  the 
life  of  the  lien  given  under  section  1308,  or  the  right  to  bring  action  of  fore- 
closure under  the  same;  provided,  a  substantial  recovery  by  either  of  such 
remedies  shall  bar  a  recovery  by  any  other  remedy 

Sec     1317     Warrants  for  the  collection  of  taxes  may  be  in  the  following  form: 
To   A   B,   collector   of   taxes   of   the    (here    insert   the   name   of   the    com- 
munity laying  the  tax),  in  the  county  of    ,   greeting: 

By  authority  of  the  state  of  Connecticut,  you  are  hereby  commanded  forth- 
with to  collect  of  each  person  named  in  the  annexed  list  his  proportion 
of  the  same,  as  therein  stated,  being  a  tax  laid  by  (name  of  community), 

on  the day  of   A  D  19 ....      And  you 

are  to  pay  the  amount  of  said  tax,  less  abatements,  and  less  taxes  the 
lien  for  which  has  been  continued  by  certificate,  to  the  treasurer  of  said 

(name  of  the  community),   on  or  before   the    day  of    , 

A  D  19....  And  if  any  person  fails  to  pay  his  proportion  of  said  tax, 
upon  demand,  you  are  to  levy  upon  his  goods  and  chattels,  arid  dispose  of 
the  same  as  the  law  directs;  and  after  satisfying  said  tax  and  the  lawful 
charges,  return  the  surplus,  if  any,  to  him;  and  if  such  goods  and  chattels 
do  not  come  to  your  knowledge,  you  are  to  levy  upon  his  real  estate,  and 
sell  enough  thereof  to  pay  his  tax  and  the  costs  of  levy,  and  give  to  the 
purchaser  a  deed  thereof,  or  take  the  body  of  said  person,  and  him  commit 
unto  the  keeper  of  the  jail  of  said  county  within  the  prison,  who  is  hereby 
commanded  to  receive  and  safely  keep  him  until  he  shall  pay  said  sum, 
together  with  your  fees,  or  be  discharged  in  due  course  of  law  Dated  at 

this    day  of 

A  D  19.... 

A  B,  Justice   of   the   Peace 


CHAPTER  XXI. 
Health  Officers 

General    Statutes,    Chapter    127,   page    737 

Sec.  297    The  county  health  officer  shall  cause  the  execu-  G  s  sec  2391 

Rev      1902 

tion  of  the  laws  relating  to  public  health  and  the  prevention   Sec    2518 
and  abatement  of  nuisances  dangerous  to  public  health,  and  of  Powers  and 
the  laws  relating  to  the  registration  of  vital  statistics,  and  co- 
operate   with    and   supervise   the    doings    of    town,    city   and 
borough  health  officers  and  boards  of  health,  within  his  county.   See  G  s 

•'       Sees      2369 

He  shall  have  all  the  powers  of  a  grand  juror  in  each  of  the  23^9 
several  towns  within  his  county,  and  all  the  powers  of  the 
prosecuting  officer  of  each  city,  borough,  town  or  police  court 
within  his  county  in  prosecutions  for  violations  of  the  law 
concerning  contagious  diseases  and  public  health,  nuisances  in- 
jurious to  health  or  life,  for  violation  of  by-laws  or  ordinances 
relating  to  public  health  and  contagious  diseases  adopted  by  a 
city  or  borough,  for  the  violation  of  the  orders  of  town,  city  or 
borough  health  officers,  for  the  prevention  or  removal  of 
nuisances  dangerous  to  public  health,  for  violations  of  the  laws 
relating  to  the  registration  of  vital  statistics,  to  the  practice 
of  medicine,  surgery  or  midwifery,  and  of  the  laws  relating 
to  the  sale  of  poisons  and  antitoxin.  County  health  officers 
may  sign  complaints  in  any  town,  city  or  borough  in  the 
county,  to  run  into  the  same  or  any  other  town,  city  or  borough 
in  the  county. 

Sec.  298     In  the  event  of  a  vacancy  in  the  office  of  health  j^f  Si902392 
officer  for  any  county,  or  in  the  event  of  his  absence,  inability   ^  o^J9 
or  disqualification,  the  health  officer  of  an  adjoining  county,  to   vacancy 
be  designated  by  the  governor,  may  act  until  a  county  health 
officer  is  appointed,  and  shall  possess  all  the  powers  of  such 
county  health  officer,  and  shall  file  a  record  of  his  doings  with 
the  succeeding  health  officer  of  such  county. 

Sec.  299     The  county  health  officer  shall  keep  a  full  record   ge^  "wi393 
of  his  doings  and  shall  annually,  in  the  month  of  October,    Sec      2S21 

Reports 

make  a  report  to  the  state  department  of  health. 

Sec.  300     The  county  health  officer  shall  in  writing  appoint   ^  ^2  2394 
for  each  town  some  discreet  person  learned  in  medical  and  ^ec  .252° 

Appoint- 

sanitary  science,  to  be  health  officer  for  said  town,  except  in  ™ent,.an.d 

jurisdiction 

towns  containing  a  city  or  borough  whose  limits  are  coter- 


n8 


See   G   S 
Sec      2398 


G  S  sec  2600 
1909,   ch     29 

Public    safety 
in    halls, 
theaters     and 
other    build- 
ings 


G  S  sec  2601 
1909,    ch     126 

Exits    in 
public    build- 
ings    required 


minous  with  the  limits  of  said  town.  In  each  town,  except  in 
towns  having  a  city  or  borough  within  their  limits,  said  town 
health  officer  shall  have  and  exercise  all  the  powers  necessary 
and  proper  for  preserving  the  public  health  and  preventing  the 
spread  of  diseases;  and  in  towns  within  which  there  exists  a 
city  or  borough,  the  limits  of  which  are  not  coterminous  with 
the  limits  of  such  town,  such  town  health  officer  shall  exercise 
the  powers  and  duties  of  his  office  only  in  such  part  of  said 
town  as  is  outside  the  limits  of  said  city  or  borough.  Each 
town  health  officer,  except  when  appointed  to  fill  a  vacancy, 
shall  hold  his  office  for  four  years  from  and  after  the  first 
Monday  of  October  and  until  his  successor  is  appointed  and 
sworn,  unless  sooner  removed. 

CHAPTER  XXII. 
Public  and  Other  Buildings. 

General  Statutes,  Chapter   135,  page   791 

Sec.  301  No  owner,  proprietor,  manager  or  agent  of  any 
theater,  concert  or  music  hall,  assembly  hall,  or  any  building, 
auditorium  or  rooms  used  for  public  gatherings  shall  permit 
any  person  to  occupy  any  aisle  in  any  such  theater,  concert  or 
music  hall,  assembly  hall  or  other  building  used  for  such  pur- 
pose, nor  permit  any  person  to  occupy  the  back  or  sides  of  any 
such  building  or  room  used  as  aforesaid,  to  such  an  extent  as  to 
prevent  the  free  and  unobstructed  passage  to  and  from  the 
entrance  to  any  aisle  or  any  of  the  exits  in  such  place;  pro- 
vided, this  section  shall  not  apply  to  town  halls  which  are  on 
the  ground  floor.  Every  person  who  violates  any  of  the  pro- 
visions of  this  section  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more 
than  fifty  dollars. 

Sec.  302  Every  theater,  nickelette,  schoolhouse  or  hall, 
excepting  town  halls,  in  which  people  commonly  assemble  in 
larger  numbers  than  one  hundred,  shall  be  provided  with  one 
or  more  exits,  each  exit  consisting  of  a  door  so  hung  as  to  open 
outward,  and  in  case  any  passageway  from  such  theater, 
nickelette,  schoolhouse  or  hall  to  such  exit  contains  one  or 
more  doors,  each  door  shall  be  so  hung  as  to  open  outward. 

Sec  300  De  powers  of  town  health  authorities  to  take  private  property  for 
use  as  a  pest-house  42  C  162  Provisions  of  statute  de  powers  of  health  officers 
held  constitutional  51  C  99-101  Town  liable  for  expenses  incurred  by  health 
officer  in  quarantine  76  C  160  Power  to  make  quarantine  regulations  86  C 
ool 


Sec.  303  The  owner  or  lessee  of  any  such  theater,  nickel-  f90|  ^  2^6 
ette,  schoolhouse  or  hall  who  uses  or  permits  the  same  to  be  Pena'ltieg 
used  as  a  place  for  the  assembly  of  people  when  it  does  not  con- 
form to  the  provisions  of  section  302,  shall  be  fined  not  more 
than  two  hundred  dollars  or  confined  in  jail  not  more  than  six 
months  or  both.  If  the  owner  or  lessee  is  a  corporation  the 
directors  shall  be  deemed  the  owners  or  -lessees  within  the 
meaning  of  this  and  the  preceding  section.  If  the  owner  or 
lessee  is  an  ecclesiastical  society  or  a  school  district,  the  trus- 
tees of  such  society  or  the  board  having  control  of  the  prop- 
erty or  of  such  schoolhouse  shall  be  deemed  the  owner  or  lessee 
within  the  meaning  of  this  and  the  preceding  section. 

Sec.  304     In  all  cities  the  common  council,  in  all  boroughs  G  s  sec  2603 
the  warden  and  burgesses,  and  in  all  towns  and  parts  of  a   Secs     2607, 

2603   G   S 

town  not  within  the  limits  of  a  city  or  borough  the  selectmen, 
shall  require  that  all  churches,  schoolhouses,  and  public  halls 


for    public 

that  are  used  for  lectures,  amusements,  exhibitions  or  assem-  buildings 
blages  of  people,  shall  be  provided  with  ample  facilities  for  safe 
and  speedy  entrance  and  exit  in  case  of  necessity,  be  arranged 
so  as  to  promote  the  comfort  and  safety  of  persons  visiting 
them,  and  be  closed  till  such  requirements  are  complied  with  ; 
and  any  town,  city  or  borough  may  make  suitable  by-laws  re- 
garding the  same.  Every  person  who  shall  let  or  use  any  such 
building  for  such  purpose  after  it  shall  have  been  so  ordered 
closed,  shall  be  fined  one  hundred  dollars. 

Sec.  305     No  person  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be  ^s  se^£lQ 

employed  or  permitted  to  have  the  care,  custody,  operation  or  I£1c1'26c1h4  J2 

management  of  an  elevator  ;  any  person,  partnership  or  corpo-  Q  eration  o£ 

ration  violating  this  provision,  shall   forfeit  not  more  than  elevators  by 

*  7  <  minors 

twenty-five  dollars  for  each  offense.  No  person  under  eighteen 
years  of  age  shall  be  employed  or  permitted  to  have  the  care, 
custody,  management  or  operation  of  an  elevator,  either  for 
freight  or  passengers,  running  at  a  speed  of  over  two  hundred 
feet  per  minute  ;  any  person,  whether  acting  for  himself  or  as 
agent  for  another,  who  shall  authorize  or  permit  to  be 
employed,  any  person  in  violation  of  this  provision  shall  be 
fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 


120 


G  s  sec^  2612 
1917,'  ch    182 
Construe- 

tion    and    fare- 

proofing  of 

ublic     school- 


G  S  sec  2613 
1909,    ch      81 

Method  of 
construc- 
tion 


Sec.  306  All  public  schoolhouses  the  erection  of  which 
was  begun  since  June  9,  1909  shall  be  constructed  in  accord- 
ance  with  the  provisions  of  this  section  and  sections  307,  308 

** 

an(j  ?QQ  i     NO  such  schoolhouse  shall  be  constructed  so  as  to 

O    - 

contain  more  than  two  stories  above  the  basement  unless  such 
schoolhouse  is  of  fireproof  construction  throughout,  and  in 
that  event  it  shall  not  exceed  three  stories  above  the  basement. 
Sec.  307  All  such  schoolhouses  of  eight  or  more  class 
rooms  not  of  fireproof  construction,  throughout  shall  -be  built 
as  follows:  (a)  The  outer  walls  shall  be  of  brick,  natural  or 
artificial  stone,  terra  cotta  blocks,  reinforced  concrete  or  other 
fireproof  material,  (b)  The  walls  separating  the  schoolrooms 
from  the  halls  or  corridors  shall  be  of  masonry  or  other  fire- 
proof material,  (c)  There  shall  be  a  stairway  constructed  in 
at  least  two  opposite  sides  of  the  building  leading  to  the  ground 
floor  from  the  floor  or  floors  above,  and  no  such  schoolhouse 
shall  contain  circular  stairs,  (d)  There  shall  be  one  exit  con- 
structed in  at  least  each  of  two  opposite  sides  of  the  building 
upon  the  first  floor  leading  to  the  ground,  which  may  be  the 
same  as  the  exits  from  the  floor  or  floors  above  the  first,  (e) 
The  stairs  and  stairway  shall  be  of  fireproof  construction,  (f  ) 
All  doors  leading  from  rooms  into  halls  or  corridors  shall  be 
hung  so  as  to  swing  into  the  hall  or  corridor,  and  all  doors 
leading  from  the  corridors  out  of  the  building  shall  be  so  hung 
as  to  swing  outward,  (g)  There  shall  be  a  door  of  fireproof 
material  at  the  head  of  each  stairway  leading  from  the  first 
floor  to  the  basement,  (h)  All  wooden  partitions,  ceilings, 
floors  and  woodwork  about  the  heating  apparatus  or  plant  shall 
be  covered  with  asbestos,  tin,  sheet  iron  or  other  fireproof 
material  so  as  to  effectually  overcome  danger  from  fire. 

Sec.  308  No  door  leading  from  a  schoolroom  into  a  hall 
or  corridor,  or  from  a  hall  or  corridor  out  of  the  building  shall, 
during  school  hours,  be  locked  or  bolted  or  secured  in  any  other 
manner  than  by  a  spring  which  will  readily  yield  to  pressure 
from  the  inside. 

Sec.  309     There  shall  be  placed  in  a  hall  or  corridor  of 

?909Jech*J/ii     everv   sucn   school   an   alarm   consisting   of   a   bell   or   gong 

Fire  alarms      arranged  or  equipped  so  as  to  be  sounded  from  at  least  one 

convenient  station  or  place  upon  each  floor  and  of  sufficient 


G  S  sec  2614 
1909,    ch     81 

Fastening    of 
doors 


1  The  words  "public  buildings  "  include  schoolhouse     Gen   Stat,   Sec  6721 


121 


size  and  volume  of  tone  to  be  distinctly  heard  in  every  room 
when  sounded.  In  the  absence  of  such  alarm  there  shall  be 
placed  in  each  room  an  alarm  consisting  of  a  bell  or  gong  of 
sufficient  volume  to  be  heard  throughout  the  room  where 
placed,  all  of  which  alarms  shall  be  arranged  or  equipped  so  as 
to  be  sounded  simultaneously  from  the  same  station  or  place, 
at  least  one  of  which  stations  or  places  shall  be  conveniently 
located  in  a  hall  of  corridor  upon  each  floor. 

Sec.  310  Any  janitor,  teacher  or  other  person  who  vio- 
lates the  provisions  of  section  308  and  every  member  of  a  board 
of  education,  school  board,  board  of  school  visitors,  or  build- 
ing committee,  or  official  who  is  charged  with  the  duty  of  plan- 
ning, contracting  for  or  building  a  public  schoolhouse,  who 
plans  or  contracts,  or  participates  in  contracting  for,  or  votes 
to  build,  or  builds  such  schoolhouse  in  violation  of  any  of  the 
provisions  of  sections  306,  307  and  308  shall  be  fined  not  more 
than  three  hundred  dollars  or  imprisoned  not  more  than  three 
months  or  both.1 

Sec.  311  Every  building  used  as  a  schoolhouse,  which  is 
two  or  more  stories  in  height,  and  in  which  the  greatest  eleva- 
tion of  the  floor  of  any  story  used  or  occupied  by  pupils  is 
ten  feet  or  more  above  the  adjoining  ground  at  any  accessible 
door,  window  or  other  suitable  place  of  exit,  shall  be  provided 
with  at  least  one  adequate  fire  escape,  of  iron  or  other  incom- 
bustible material,  securely  erected  on  the  outside  of  such  build- 
ing, for  each  two  hundred  and  fifty  pupils  or  fractional  part  of 
such  number;  and  each  such  fire  escape  shall  be  free  from 
obstruction  and  shall  be  constructed  so  as  to  secure  a  safe  exit 

1  Gen  Stat  Sec  64  Employment  of  architects  on  public  buildings  When- 
ever any  building  is  tox  be  erected  by  the  state  in  the  designing  or  construction 
of  which  the  services  of  an  architect  shall  be  required,  the  comptroller  shall  give 
public  notice,  for  not  less  than  one  month,  through  the  public  press,  that  such 
public  building  is  to  be  erected,  together  with  a  statement  of  the  amount  appro- 
priated therefor  and  other  details  of  the  proposed  construction,  and  that  any  and 
all  architects  who  may  see  fit  may  submit  plans,  specifications  and  estimates  of 
cost  for  the  construction  of  such  building  Upon  application  to  the  comptroller 
by  any  architect,  the  comptroller  shall  give  such  additional  information  regarding 
such  contemplated  building  and  its  character,  construction  and  details  as  he  may 
possess  All  plans,  specifications  and  estimates  for  such  building,  submitted  to 
the  comptroller,  shall  be  received  by  him  and  by  him  delivered  into  the  custody 
of  the  board  of  control  or,  in  case  a  committee  is  raised,  or  persons  appointed  by 
the  general  assembly  to  have  charge  of  the  supervision  or  construction  of  such 
building,  then  to  such  committee  or  persons,  which  board,  committee  or  persons 
shall  receive  and  inspect  all  of  such  plans  and  specifications  Said  board,  com- 
mittee or  persons  having  charge  of  the  supervision  or  construction  of  such  build- 
ing and  the  selection  of  plans  and  specifications  therefor,  shall  give  a  public  hear- 
ing to  all  parties  interested,  who  shall  have  ample  opportunity  to  present  the 
merits  of  any  of  said  plans  and  specifications  Said  board,  committee  or  persons 
shall  have  the  right  to  accept  and  adopt  any  one  of  the  said  plans  and  specifica- 
tions and  may  reject  any  or  all  of  them,  and  such  selection  shall  be  conclusive 


G  S  sec  2616 
1909,   ch     81 

Penalties 


G  S  sec  2617 
1913,  ch  40 
1915,  ch  258 

Fire    escapes 
on    public 
school     build- 
ings 


See   G   S 
Sec      2621 


122 


G  S  sec  2618 
1913,   ch     40 

Condem- 
nation  of 
buildings 


G  S  sec  2619 
1913,   ch     40 

Enforce- 
ment 


for  children,  conveniently  accessible  from  each  floor  ten  or 
more  feet  above  the  ground  adjoining  such  building,  of  suf- 
ficient width  and  strength  so  that  each  step  and  landing  may 
accommodate  two  adult  persons  at  the  same  time.  The  exits 
from  each  floor  shall  consist  of  doorways,  the  base  of  which 
shall  be  level  with  the  floor  of  such  building  and  the  landing 
of  such  fire  escape  to  which  it  leads,  provided,  the  state  board 
of  education  may  approve  of  construction  having  such  differ- 
ence in  level  between  such  floor  and  landing  as  will  secure  a 
convenient  and  safe  passage  for  children.  Each  such  doorway 
shall  not  be  less  than  three  feet  wide  nor  seven  feet  high,  con- 
structed so  that  the  door  may  be  quickly  opened  from  the 
inside,  and  each  such  door  shall  have  clear  glass  panels  or 
sashes  extending  from  not  more  than  eight  inches  from  the 
top  to  not  more  than  two  feet  from  the  bottom.  If  there  are 
two  or  more  rooms  or  hallways  adjoining  and  convenient  to 
the  landing  of  a  fire  escape,  each  such  room  or  hallway  shall 
have  a  doorway  leading  to  such  landing.  The  provisions  of 
this  section  shall  not  apply  to  any  building  having  not  more 
than  two  stories,  constructed  with  fire-proof  halls  and  two  or 
more  exits  on  the  ground  floor  opening  out. 

Sec.  312  Any  school  building  which  is  not  equipped  with 
fire  escapes  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section  311 
within  sixty  days  after  notice  given  as  provided  in  section  313 
shall  be  condemned  by  the  official  giving  such  notice,  and  shall 
not  thereafter  be  used  for  school  purposes  until  the  said  pro- 
visions have  been  complied  with.  In  case  any  such  building  is 
used  for  school  purposes  after  being  so  condemned  the  officials 
in  charge  of  such 'building  shall  be  subject  to  the  penalty  pro- 
vided in  section  2627  of  the  General  Statutes,  and  the  town  in 
which  such  building  is  so  used  shall  forfeit  the  state  enumera- 
tion grant  during  the  time  such  building  is  so  used.  The 
officials  making  such  order  may  cause  fire  escapes  to  be  erected 
on  such  school  buildings  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
section  311  and  the  cost  thereof  shall  be  paid  by  the  town. 

Sec.  313  The  chief  of  the  fire  department  of  any  city  or 
borough  and  the  state  board  of  education  shall  have  power  to 
enforce  the  provisions  of  section  311  and  312,  and  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  said  official  and  said  board,  acting  either  conjointly 


I23 

or  singly,  to  order  the  proper  school  authorities  to  place  on  all 
schoolhouses  or  buildings  used  as  schoolhouses  to  which  the 
provisions  of  said  sections  are  applicable,  such  number  of  fire 
escapes  as  will  equip  said  buildings  in  accordance  with  the  pro- 
visions thereof. 

Sec.  314     The  chief  of  the  fire  department  of  any  town,  G  s  sec  2620 
city  or  borough  or  fire  district,  or,  if  there  be  no  such  chief  the  i9is|  ch    258 
principal  or  superintendent  of  any  school,  with  the  approval  Certain  buiid- 
of  any  agent  of  the  state  board  of  education,  may  exempt  from 
the  provisions  of  sections  311   and  312  any  school  building 
which  has  two  or  more  exits  by  inside  stairways  at  opposite 
ends  of  each  hallway. 

Sec.  315     Every  story  above  the  first  story  of  a  building  ^  se\l^21 
used  as  a  schoolhouse,  orphan  asylum,  insane  asylum,  reforma-  f^lt  ch28239 
tory,  opera  house,  hall  for  public  assemblies,  hotel,  boarding  or  1917>  ch    247 
lodging  house  accommodating  more  than  twelve  persons,  or  a  onfcerta?nes 
tenement  house  occupied  by  more  than  two  families  or  as  a  buildm&s 
workshop,  manufactory  or  store  in  which  more  than  ten  per- 
sons are  employed  above  the  first  story,  or  of  a  building  used  See  G  s 
in  any  way  not  named  above  but  which  has  a  similar  need  of  s 
such  protection,  shall  be  provided  with  more  than  one  way  of 
egress,  by  stairways  on  the  inside  or  fire  escapes  on  the  outside 
of  such  buildings.    Such  stairways  and  fire  escapes  shall  be  so 
constructed,  in  such  number,  of  such  size  and  in  such  location 
as  to  give,  in  the  opinion  of  the  officer  charged  with  the  en- 
forcement of  this  section,  safe,  adequate  and  convenient  means 
of  exit,  in  view  of  the  number  of  persons  who  may  need  to  use 
such  stairway  or  fire  escape,  shall  at  all  times  be  kept  free 
from  obstruction  and  shall  be  accessible  from  each  room  in 
every  story  above  the  first  story.  A  ladder  affixed  to  any  of 
the  premises  herein  described  shall  not  be  considered  a  fire 
escape  within  the  meaning  of  this  section  and  of  sections  2622 
and  2623  of  the  General  Statutes. 

Sec.  316  If  any  building  specified  in  section  315,  or  any  G^S  **jQ*t*3 
workshop,  manufactory,  boarding  house,  tenement  house  or  Sec^  2529^ 
other  building  used  in  whole  or  in  part  for  any  of  the  pur-  1913>  ch  81 
poses  therein  specified,  or  in  which  more  than  six  persons  shall  £irehotees£apae*( 
be  employed  above  the  third  story,  shall  be  more  than  three  9^r  build- 
stories  in  height,  it  shall  be  provided  with  at  least  one  fire 


2626 


124 

escape  of  iron  or  other  incombustible  material  on  the  outside 
of  said  building;  and  if  such  building  shall  be  more  than  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  length  it  shall  be  provided  with  one 
such  fire  escape  for  every  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet,  or  frac- 
tional part  thereof  exceeding  fifty  feet,  and  such  fire  escape 
shall  be  conveniently  accessible  from  each  story  of  said  build- 
ing; and  if  such  building  be  a  tenement  house  the  fire  escapes 
shall  be  directly  accessible  from  each  apartment,  without  pass- 
ing through  any  public  hall.  Any  hotel  or  other  building  con- 
nected therewith,  which  is  more  than  two  stories  in  height  and 
contains  sleeping  accommodations  for  more  than  ten  persons, 
shall  be  provided  with  one  such  fire  escape  for  each  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  running' feet,  or  fractional  part  thereof  .exceed- 
ing fifty  feet,  in  the  perimeter  of  such  hotel  or  other  building. 
Sec.  317  The  building  inspector  of  each  city,  the  warden 
of  each  borough,  or  the  first  selectman  of  each  t  town  not 
having  a  building  inspector,  either  by  himself  or  by  some 
proper  person  appointed  by  him,  shall  inspect  all  the  buildings 
specified  in  sections  315  and  316,  at  least  once  each  year  be- 
tween April  first  and  October  first,  and  shall  see  that  the  pro- 
visions of  sections  315,  316  and  of  section  2624  of  the  General 
Statutes  are  complied  with ;  and  for  such  purpose  he  shall  have 
the  right  to  enter  any  of  said  buildings  in  the  daytime  between 
the  hours  of  nine  and  five  o'clock.  Said  town,  city  or  borough 
shall  fix  and  pay  the  compensation  for  all  such  services. 

CHAPTER  XXIII. 
Town  Deposit  Fund 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  29,  page  187 

Sec.  318  The  money  received  from  the  United  States  in 
pursuance  of  the  act  of  congress  approved  June  3,  1836,  shall 
remain  on  deposit  with  the  several  towns  on  the  terms  herein- 
after specified. 

Sec.  319  When  any  new  town  shall  be  constituted,  such 
money  shall  be  divided  between  it  and  the  towns  of  which  it 
was  formed,  agreeably  to  the  last  census  of  the  United  States ; 
and  when  the  proportion  of  each  of  said  towns  cannot  be 
determined  'by  reference  to  said  census,  it  shall  be  determined 
by  a  census  to  be  taken,  as  soon  as  may  be,  by  some  suitable 


125 

person  appointed  for  that  purpose  'by  the  treasurer  of  the  state, 
on  application  of  either  of  such  towns,  unless  they  shall  agree 
upon  the  mode  of  division. 

Sec.  320     Every   town   shall   keep   its   share   of   the   said  G  s  S^Q^32 
money  as  a  deposit  in  trust  for  the  state,  and  account  for  the   Sec  1923 
same  when  called  for;  and  until  called  for,  shall  appropriate   Conditions   of 
the  entire  income  thereof,  annually,  for  the  support  of  public 
schools  therein. 

Sec.  321     The    treasurer1    of    each   town    shall   have    the  G  s  sec  433 
custody  of  said  fund  and  be  the  treasurer  thereof  and  shall   Sec     1924 
keep  separate  accounts  relating  to  the  fund  and  exhibit  at  each 

Custodian    of 

annual  town  meeting  an  account  showing  the  amount  of  the  fund;  duties 
fund,  how  invested,  the  amount  of  its  income,  to  whom  paid, 
for  what,  and  the  balance  remaining  in  the  treasury;  which 
account  shall  be  recorded  and  kept  on  file  by  the  town  clerk; 
and  no  payments  shall  be  made  from  the  fund  except  on  orders 
drawn  by  the  agent  appointed  by  the  town  specifying  whether 
they  are  to  t>e  paid  from  the  principal  or  income  of  the  fund. 
Sec.  322  Such  treasurer  shall  immediately  after  his 
appointment,  execute  a  bond  to  the  town,  with  surety  to  the 
acceptance  of  the  selectmen,  for  the  faithful  execution  of  his  Rev  Sei9024 
office  as  treasurer  of  the  fund;  and  any  loss  or  deficiency  in 
the  fund  belonging  to  such  town,  and  any  illegal  or  improper  give  bond  and 

.....  f    .         .  i  •    i        1      11  report     losses 

management  or  application  of  its  income,  which  shall  come 
to  his  knowledge,  he  shall  immediately  report  to  the  comp- 
troller, and  shall  forfeit  to  the  state  twenty  dollars  for  every 
week  that  he  shall  neglect  to  make  such  report. 

Sec.  323     The  town  deposit  fund  in  each  town  shall  be 
managed  by  such  agents  as  the  town  shall  appoint,  who  shall 
lend  it  on  notes  payable  to  the  town,  secured  by  mortgage  of   Rev  "19$* 
real  estate,  in  value  double  the  amount  loaned,  and  no  ex-  1917,  ch    353 
pense  shall  be  deducted  from  the  principal  of  the  fund;  and  Management 
when  any  loan  shall  be  paid  in  full,  the  treasurer  of  the  town  deposit  funds 
where  the  loan  was  made  may  release  the  mortgaged  premises 
and  may  deposit  the  proceeds  at  interest  in  any  bank  or  trust 
company  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  this  state;  and  any 
town  may  authorize  its  managers  to  invest  said  fund  or  any 
part  thereof,  in  the  stock  of  any  bank  in  this  state,  in  the  bonds 

Sec      321      Slight   irregularity   in   printing   name    of   office   on   ticket   immaterial 
75  C     15 

1  Sec     268 


126 

or  securities  of  any  town,  city  or  borough  in  this  state,  or  in 
the  bonds,  loans  or  securities  of  this  state  or  of  the  United 
States. 
Rtv  sei9026  Sec.  324     Each  town  shall  make  good  any  deficiency  which 


Sec  1927  may  occur  jn  said  fund,  and  on  failure  to  make  such  deficiency 
inefifundcyto  g°°d  within  one  year  after  it  shall  occur,  shall  forfeit  to  the 
good'ade  state  a  sum  equal  to  the  amount  thereof. 

R  5  sei9$7  ^ec*  325     ^  any  town  s^a^  not  agree  to  receive  its  pro- 

Sec  1928  portion  of  said  money  on  the  terms  specified  in  this  chapter, 
Proceedings  the  treasurer  of  the  state  may,  at  the  expense  of  said  town, 

when    a    town  J  ' 

declines  to  loan  the  same  on  note  payable  to  the  state,  secured  by  mortgage 
of  real  estate,  in  value  at  least  double  the  amount  of  the  loan, 
or  he  may  deposit  the  same  in  any  bank  in  this  state,  at 
interest;  and  any  interest  which  he  may  receive  for  the  said 
loans  or  deposits  shall  be  paid  by  said  treasurer  to  the  treasurer 
of  such  town,  to  be  by  it  appropriated  for  the  support  of  schools 
annually,  and  it  shall  be  liable  for  its  due  application  in  the 
same  manner  as  if  it  had  agreed  to  receive  its  proportion  of 
the  principal. 

Rev  Sei9028  ^ec*  32^     ^n  case  °^  *ke  division  of  any  town,  and  the 

ufo719c2h  227  aPP°rtionment  of  its  town  deposit  fund,  the  treasurer  of  the 
On  division  state  may  exchange  the  receipt  of  such  town  for  new  receipts 


newa  rSpts     ^or  tlle  same  *Tom  tne  treasurers  of  the  towns  so  constituted 

may    be    ta^en  sucfr  division. 


Rev  se\w?  ^ec*  327     ^e  treasurers  °f  the  several  towns,  upon  the 

Sec  1930  receipt  of  the  amount  of  any  loan  made  from  the  town  deposit 
KSnent*i>?"  ^und,  may,  with  the  assent  of  the  managers  of  the  fund  for 
security  such  town,  execute  an  assignment  or  release  of  any  security 

held  for  such  loan,  and  convey  to  the  assignee  or  releasee  the 
legal  title  of  the  premises  mortgaged  to  secure  the  payment  of 
such  loan. 

CHAPTER  XXIV 
Employment  of  Children 

General   Statutes,  Chapter  283,  page  1490 

Rev"  sei9Q5222  ^QC'  ^2^  ^°  cn^d  under  fourteen  years  of  age  shall  be 
?9ii4c°h4  119  empl°yed  in  any  mechanical,  mercantile  or  manufacturing 
191 3J  ch  221  establishment.  Every  person,  whether  acting  for  himself  or 

Emplpyment 

of  children        as  agent  for  another,  who  shall  employ  or  authorize  or  permit 

under  fourteen  r     J 

to  be  employed  any  child  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this 


127 

section  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars.  A 
bowling  alley  shall  be  regarded  as  a  mercantile  establishment 
within  the  meaning  of  this  section. 

Sec.  329  No  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be  G  s  sec  5323 
employed  in  any  mechanical,  mercantile  or  manufacturing  sec%705° 
establishment  unless  the  employer  of  such  child  shall  have  first  1905,'  ch1  ill 
obtained  a  certificate,  signed  by  the  secretary  or  an  agent  of  1911',  °ch  !ii9 
the  state  board  of  education  or  by  a  school  supervisor,  school  1917)  ch  127 
superintendent,  supervising  principal  or  acting  school  visitor  Employment 
designated  by  said  board,  stating  the  date  of  the  birth  of  such  sixteen;  u 
child,  showing  that  such  child  is  over  fourteen  years  of  age, 
and  stating  that  such  child  is  able  to  read  with  facility,  to 
legibly  write  simple  sentences  and  to  perform  the  operations 
of  the  fundamental  rules  of  arithmetic  with  relation  both  to 
whole  numbers  and  to  fractions,  and  does  not  appear  to  be 
physically  unfit  for  employment.  Such  certificate  shall  have 
printed  on  the  back  a  list  of  the  occupations  in  which  the 
child  named  in  such  certificate  shall  not  be  employed.  Such 
certificate  shall  be  in  the  form  prescribed  and  upon  a  blank 
furnished  by  the  state  board  of  education,  and  shall  be  issued 
in  triplicate;  and  one  copy  thereof  shall  be  delivered  to  the 
parent  or  guardian  of  such  child,  one  copy  shall  be  delivered 
to  the  employer,  and  one  copy  shall  be  deposited  in  the  office 
of  the  state  board  of  education.  Copies  of  such  certificates 
shall  be  obtainable  from  the  state  board  of  education,  upon 
application,  at  any  time.  The  copy  of  such  certificate  delivered 
to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  the  child  may  be  accepted  by  the 
employer  as  a  temporary  certificate,  good  for  one  week,  after 
which  time  it  shall  be  returned  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of 
such  child.  Every  person,  whether  acting  for  himself  or  as 
agent  for  another,  who  shall  employ  or  shall  authorize  or  per- 
mit to  be  employed  any  child  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of 
this  section,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 
The  secretary  or  the  agent  of  the  state  board  of  education  or 
the  school  supervisor,  school  superintendent,  supervising  prin- 
cipal or  acting  school  visitor  to  whom  application  shall  be  made 
for  a  certificate  as  provided  in  this  section,  shall  have  power  to 
require  all  statements  of  fact  offered  in  support  of  such  appli- 
cation to  be  made  under  oath,  and  such  oath  may  be  admin- 


128 

istered  by  said  secretary  or  such  agent,  school  supervisor, 
school  superintendent,  supervising  principal  or  acting  school 
visitor,  and  said  secretary  or  any  such  agent,  school  supervisor, 
school  superintendent,  supervising  principal  or  acting  school 
visitor  may  cause  any  child  to  be  examined  by  a  reputable 
physician  for  the  purpose  of  aiding  him  in  determining  whether 
such  child  is  physically  fit  for  employment,  and;  may  charge 
the  expense  of  such  physical  examination  against  the  state  as 
a  part  of  his  expenses.  A  bowling  alley  shall  be  regarded  as 
a  mercantile  establishment  within  the  meaning  of  this  section. 
i9U,  *ch  53n9  Sec.  330  Every  employer  receiving  a  certificate  issued 
Employer's  under  the  provisions  of  section  329  shall  promptly  notify  the 
r«?iving0ncer-  state  board  of  education,  in  writing,  in  the  form  prescribed 
and  upon  a  blank  furnished  (by  said  board,  of  the  time  of 
commencement  of  the  employment  of  any  child  thereunder 
and,  whenever  such  employment  terminates  'before  such  child 
attains  the  age  of  sixteen  years,  of  the  time  of  the  termination 
of  such  employment.  Every  person  violating  any  provision 
of  this  section  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  ten  dollars. 

Se?    479o°62  ^ec*  33 T     Every  employer  or  other  person  having  control 

i9ii,  ch    119  Of  ariv  establishment  or  premises  where  children  under  sixteen 

Sec  5325          years  of  age  are  employed  who  shall  neglect  to  have  and  keep 

Penalty  on  £je  faQ  certificate  described  in  sections  329  and  330  or  to 

show  the  same,  with  a  list  of  the  names  of  such  children  so 

employed,  to  the  secretary  or  an  agent  of  the  state  board  of 

education,  when  demanded  during  the  usual  business  hours, 

.  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 

1919  ch     264         sec>  332     The  secretary,  or  the  agent,  of  the  state  board 
foPrpliemp°iSy-     °^    education,   the   school   supervisor,    school    superintendent, 
SJ^ni^ljJ"    supervising  principal  or  acting  school  visitor  to  whom  appli- 
beQunder  oath  cation  shall  be  made  for  an  employment  certificate  as  provided 
for  in  the  provisions  of  section  329  shall  have  power  to  require 
all  statements  of  facts  offered  in  support  of  such  application  to 
be  made  under  oath,  which  oath  may  be  administered  by  the 
official  to  whom  application  shall  be  made,  and  said  secretary, 
his  agent,  school  supervisor,  school  superintendent,  supervis- 
']  ing  principal  or  acting  school  visitor  shall  cause  each  child  for 

whom  such  certificate  has  been  applied  for,  to  be  physically 
examined  by  a  physician   designated  by  the  state  board   of 


129 

education.  Such  examining  physician  shall,  'before  any  em- 
ployment certificate  is  issued  to  such  child,  file  with  the  agent 
of  said  board,  his  certificate,  on  a  form  provided  by  the  state 
board  of  education,  seting  forth  the  height  and  weight  of  such 
child,  the  condition  of  his  eyes  and  teeth  and  such  other  in- 
formation regarding  the  physical  condition  of  such  child  as 
shall  be  needful,  shall  certify  as  to  whether  such  child  is  of 
sufficiently  sound  health  and  physically  fit  for  the  employ- 
ment specified  in  the  statement  of  the  prospective  employer 
and  shall  indicate-  the  kind  of  employment  proper  for  such 
child  in  view  of  his  physical  condition.  When  the  examining 
physician  considers  it  advisable,  he  may  issue  a  certificate  of 
physical  fitness  for  a  limited  time,  at  the  expiration  of  which 
time  the  child  shall  again  appear  and  submit  to  an  examination 
before  being  permitted  to  continue  at  such  work.  In  carrying 
out  the  provisions  of  this  act  the  town  in  which  the  child  resides 
shall  pay  the  expense  of  the  examination 'and  such  town  shall 
certify  to  the  state  board  of  education,  upon  forms  prescribed  by 
said  board,  the  amount  paid  for  such  examination  and  the  state 
board  of  education  shall  make  application  to  the  comptroller 
for  one-half  of  the  amount  certified  by  the  town. 

Sec.  333     It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  state  board  of  educa-  G  s  sec  5326 

R<*v      1 902 

tion,  the  school  visitors,  boards  of  education  and  town  school   Sec    4707 

.    .  1911,  ch     119 

committees  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  sections  328,  329,  330   1917,  ch    320 
and  331 ;  and  for  that  purpose  the  state  board  of  education   Sec    17 
may  appoint  agents,  under  its   supervision  and  control,   for  Appointment 
terms  of  not  more  than  one  year,  at  a  salary  not  to  exceed 
eighteen  hundred  dollars  per  annum,  and  their  necessary  ex- 
penses which  shall  be  approved  by  said  board  and  audited  by 
the  comptroller.    The  agents  so  appointed  may  be  directed  by  " 
said  board  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  the  law  requiring  the 
attendance  of  children  'at  school1  and  to  perform  such  other 
•  duties  as  may  be  required  by  said  board.2 

Sec.  334     Any  child  in  good  physical  condition,  between   G  s  sec  5327 

..        .         .  1913,    ch     211 

fourteen  and  sixteen  years  of  age,  on  application  in  person  to 

.     ,  ,       -       ,  ...  Employment 

the  secretary  or  an  agent  of  the  state  board  of  education  for  a  of  children 

in  vacation 

1  Sees  17,  19-23 

a  Must  grant  certificates  of  age  to  foreign  born  children  Sec  329  May  inspect 
registers  of  private  schools  Sec  21  If  school  accommodations  are  not  supplied 
by  towns  may  request  a  hearing  by  town  school  committee,  board  of  school  visi- 
tors, or  board  of  education,  as  the  case  may  be,  and  an  appeal  may  be  taken  to  the 
state  board  of  education  Sec  18 


130 


G  S  sec  5328 
1911,  ch     123 

Employment 
of  children 
in  certain 
occupations 
forbidden 


G  S  sec  5329 
1911,  ch  123 
1915,  ch  195 

Hazardous 
employment 
of  children 
forbidden 


certificate  of  employment,  shall  be  granted  a  temporary  or 
vacation  certificate,  permitting  the  employment  of  said  child 
during  the  summer  vacation. 

Sec.  335  No  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  shall  be 
employed  or  permitted  to  work  in  operating  or  assisting  in 
operating  any  of  the  following  machines:  Circular  or  baud 
saws,  wood  shapers,  wood  jointers,  planers,  sandpaper  or 
wood-polishing  machinery;  picker  machines  or  machines  used 
in  picking  wool,  cotton,  fur,  hair  or  any  upholstery  material; 
paper-lace  machines ;  burnishing  machines  in  any  tannery  or 
leather  manufactory;  job  or  cylinder  printing  presses  having 
motor  power  other  than  foot ;  wood  turning  or  boring  machin- 
ery; stamping  machines  used  in  sheet  metal  and  tinware 
manufacturing  or  in  washer  or  nut  factories;  machines  used 
in  making  corrugating  rolls ;  dough  brakes  or  cracker  machin- 
ery of  any  description ;  wire  or  iron  straightening  machinery ; 
rolling  mill  machinery;  power  punches  or  shears;  washing, 
grinding  or  mixing  machinery ;  calender  rolls  in  rubber  manu- 
facturing; or  laundering  machinery. 

Sec.  336  No  child  under  sixteen,  years  of  age  shall  be 
employed  or  permitted  to  work  in  adjusting  or  assisting  in 
adjusting  any  belt  upon  any  machine,  or  in  oiling  or  assist- 
ing in  oiling,  wiping  or  cleaning  machinery,  while  power  is 
attached,  or  in  preparing  any  composition  in  which  dangerous 
acids  are  used,  or  in  soldering,  or  in  the  manufacture  or  pack- 
ing of  paints,  dry  colors,  red  or  white  lead,  or  in  the  manufac- 
ture, packing  or  storing  of  gun  or  blasting  powder,  dynamite, 
nitro-glycerine  compounds,  safety  fuses  in  the  raw  or  unvar- 
nished state,  electric  fuses  for  blasting  purposes  or  any  other 
explosive,  or  in  or  about  any  distillery,  brewery  or  other  place 
where  alcoholic  liquors  are  manufactured,  packed,  wrapped  or 
bottled,  or  in  the  manufacture  or  use  of  any  dangerous  or 
poisonous  gas  or  dye,  or  composition  of  lye  in  which  the 
quantity  thereof  is  injurious  to  health,  or  upon  any  scaffold- 
ing, or  in  any  heavy  work  in  any  building  trade  or  in  any 
tunnel,  mine  or  quarry,  or  in  operating  or  assisting  to  operate 
any  emery,  stone  or  buffing  wheel;  and  no  female  under  six- 
teen years  of  age  shall  be  employed  or  permitted  to  work  in 
any  capacity  requiring  such  female  to  stand  continuously. 


Sec.  337     It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  commissioner  of  labor  ^91^  *J£  5^3 
and  factory  inspection  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  sections  commissioner 
3°5>  335  and  336,  to  investigate  all  complaints  of  violations  andabfactory 
thereof,  and  to  report  all  cases  of  such  violation  to  the  prose-   ensforce°n  to 
cuting  officer  having  jurisdiction.    The  commissioner  of  labor 
and   factory  inspection   shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of 
December  in  each  year,  make  a  report  to  the  governor  of  the 
number  of  such  violations  found  and  the  number  of  prosecu- 
tions instituted  thereon. 

Sec.  338     Every  person,  whether  acting  for  himself  or  as   G  s  sec  5331 
agent  for  another,  who  shall  employ  or  authorize  or  permit  to 
be  employed  any  child  in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions 
of  sections  335  and  336  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hun- 
dred dollars. 

CHAPTER  XXV 
Education  of  the  Deaf 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  61,  page  371 

Sec.  339     The  governor  may  appoint,  for  a  period  of  not   Gg£  *jj  *o8i 
more  than   twelve  years,  any   deaf   minor  person,   domiciled   1915>  ch    326 
within  this  state,  as  a  pupil  at  any  instutition  in  this  state  for 
the  education  of  the  deaf,  and  he  may,  upon  the  recommenda- 
tion  of  the  principal  or  superintendent  of  such  institution,  ex-   deaf 
tend  such  period  not  exceeding  six  years.    The  governor  may 
revoke  any  such  apointment. 

Sec.  340     The  governor  may  contract  on  behalf   of   the   Gg£  J*j  *o8z 
state  for  the  support,  care  and  education  of  persons  appointed   1915'  ch    326 

Governor    may 

under  section  330,  and  no  such  appointees  shall  be  withdrawn  contract  for 

.  support,    care 

from   any   such   institution,   except  with   the   consent   of   the   and  educa- 

J  r  tion  of  such 

proper  authorities  thereof  or  of  the  governor.  pupils 

Sec.  341     The  expense  incurred  for  the  support,  care  and   f91-ff  "h  /0$ 
education  of  all  deaf  minor  persons  who  are,  by  appointment   1915>  ch    326 
of  the  governor,  pupils  of  any  institution  in  this  state,  for  the  J^f"^  state 
education  of  the  deaf,  shall,  while  they  continue  as  such  pupils, 
except  so  far  as  such  expense  may  be  voluntarily  paid  by  any 
of  such  pupils,  their  parents  or  guardian,  be  borne  by  the  state, 
at  not  exceeding  three  hundred  dollars  per  capita  per  annum, 
except  that  an  additional  sum  not  exceeding  twenty  dollars 
per  annum  may  be  expended  for  necessary  wearing  .apparel 
for  any  such  pupil. 


132 


1919  ch     245, 
Sec     1 

Cities,  towns 
and  boroughs 
authorized  to 
establish 
public  recrea- 
tion grounds 


1919    ch      245, 
Sec  2 

Municipality- 
may  authorize 
person  or 
corporation  to 
establish 


1919,  ch 
Sec     3 


245, 


Authority  to 
establish  may 
be  vested  in 
boards 


CHAPTER  XXVI 

Playgrounds  and   Neighborhood   Recreation   Centres, 
General  Regulations 

General    Statutes,    Chapter    29,    page    190 

Sec.  342  Any  city,  town  or  borough  may  establish,  main- 
tain and  conduct  public  parks,  playgrounds,  baths,  swimming 
pools,  gymnasiums,  recreation  places  and  public  gardens,  may 
acquire  by  gift,  purchase  or  lease,  or  otherwise,  land  and 
property  necessary  thereto,  may  raise  money  by  taxation  or 
by  a  special  bond  issue  therefor,  may  appoint  and  authorize  a 
commission  or  committee  to  purchase  or  lease  such  land  and 
property  on  behalf  of  such  city,  town  or  borough,  and  may 
provide  by  ordinance  or  by-law  for  the  proper  equipment, 
management  and  conduct  thereof. 

Sec.  343  The  common  council  of  any  city,  the  selectmen 
of  any  town,  or  the  warden  and  burgesses  of  any  borough, 
may  authorize  any  person  or  corporation  to  provide,  establish, 
equip  or  maintain  public  parks,  playgrounds,  baths,  swimming 
pools,  gymnasiums,  recreation  places  or  public  gardens  within 
such  city,  town  or  borough,  subject  to  such  conditions,  restric- 
tions and  supervision  by  or  on  behalf  of  such  city,  town  or 
borough  as  the  common  council,  selectmen  or  burgesses  may, 
by  ordinance  or  otherwise,  provide  for,  and  such  parks,  play- 
grounds, baths,  swimming  pools,  gymnasiums,  recreation  places 
or  gardens  so  provided  and  maintained  shall,  so  long  as  the 
same  are  maintained  and  conducted  in  accordance  with  such 
conditions  and  restrictions  and  subject  to  such  supervision  as 
.may  be  imposed  as  hereinbefore  provided,  be  deemed  in  all 
respects  to  be  provided  and  conducted  by  such  city,  town  or 
borough. 

Sec.  344  The  authority  to  establish  and  maintain  the 
aforesaid  activities  may  be  vested  in  a  school  board,  park  board 
or  other  existing  public  body  or  in  a  recreation  commission. 
Such  recreation  commission,  if  established,  shall  consist  of  five 
or  seven  members  appointed  by  the  mayor  of  such  city,  the 
warden  and  burgesses  of  such  borough,  or  the  selectmen  of 
such  town,  to  serve  for  terms  of  five  or  seven  years  or  until 
their  respective  successors  are  appointed,  except  that  the  mem- 
bers of  such  commission  first  appointed  shall  be  appointed  for 
such  terms  that  the  term  of  one  commissioner  shall  expire 
annually  thereafter.  Members  of  such  commission  shall  serve 


133 

without  pay.  Vacancies  in  such  commission  occurring  other- 
wise than  by  expiration  of  term  shall  be  for  the  unexpired  term 
and  shall  be  filled  in  the  same  manner  as  original  appointments. 

Sec.  345     The  members  of  a  recreation  commission  estab-  jS£J.94ch    245> 
lished  pursuant  to  this  article  or  other  body  designated  under  EIection  of 
the  provisions  of  section  344  shall  elect  necessary  officers  from  ™c7ea<tion0f 
their  number  and  may  employ  such  persons  as  may  be  needed,   commission 
and  as  they  may  be  authorized  to  do.     Such  recreation  com- 
mission shall  have  power  to  adopt  rules  of  procedure  for  the 
conduct  of  its  business. 

Sec.  346     All  expenses  of  maintenance  and  operation  in-  i^9'5ch    245' 
curred  under  the  authority  of  this  act  shall  be  payable  from 
private  gifts  or   from  such  appropriations  as  may  be  made   expenses   of 

J  maintenance 

from  the  current  funds  of  such  city,  borough  or  town.  how  made 

CHAPTER  XXVII 
Powers  of  Selectmen 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  16,  page  152 

Sec.  347     The  selectmen  of  any  town  may  appoint  commit-   ^  S\C9($3 
tees  of  school  districts  and  janitors  of  school  buildings,  and   Sec    184° 
other  persons  on  nomination  by  the  school  visitors  of  the  town 
or  board  of  education  of  an  incorporated  school  district,  special 
constables.     Said  constables  shall  have  power  in  the  town  in  constables 
which  they  reside,  and  in  adjoining  towns  when  offenders  have   |ee  G^S 
escaped  thither,  to  arrest  for  truancy  and  other  causes  named 
in  section  27  and  for  disturbance  of  schools  and  school  meet- 
ings, and  damage  to  school  property,  and  to  serve  criminal 
process  in  all  such  cases. 

Sec.  348     The   selectmen   of   any   town  may   appoint   the   GgS?  *j*  ^ 
janitor  of  any  public  building  in  such  town  to  be  a  special  con-   janitors  of 
stable  to  preserve  the  peace  in  and  about  such  building  and   ings  as  special 

constables 

the  grounds  connected  therewith.    Such  special  constable  shall 

be  duly  sworn  and  shall  have  the  power  which  constables  by 

law  have  to  serve  criminal  process  and  to  make  arrests  for  |eesSec  357 

crimes  committed  in  and  about  such  building  and  upon  the 

grounds   connected   therewith.      Such   appointment1,   when   so 

made,  shall  continue  until  revoked  by  said  selectmen,  and  such 

appointment,  and  the  revocation  thereof,  shall  be  by  a  written 

instrument  signed  by  said  selectmen  and  filed  with  the  town 

clerk  of  the  town  where  such  appointment  is  made. 


134 

CHAPTER  XXVIII 
Mansfield  State  Training  School  and  Hospital 

General    Statutes,    Chapter   89,   page    567 

fpif/ch  I74i?         Sec.  349     Any  court  of  probate  shall  have  power  to  corn- 
Commitments     mit  to  said  institution  any  person  residing  in  its  district  whom 
it  shall  find  to  be  a  feeble-minded  or  an  epileptic  person.     In 
the  case  of  a  pauper,  application  shall  be  made  by  the  selectmen 
of  the  town  in  which  he  resides.    In  all  other  cases  application 
See^Sec    1668  may  be  made  by  any  relative,  or  by  the  selectmen  of  the  town 
in  which  the  alleged  feeble-minded  or  epileptic  person  resides. 
Upon  application  so  being  made  said  court  of  probate  shall  set 
a  time  and  place  for  hearing  the  same  and  shall  appoint  some 
reputable  physician  to  examine  the  person  alleged  to  be  feeble- 
minded or  epileptic  who,  on  or  before  said  hearing,  shall  make 
written  return  under  oath  stating  whether  or  not  in  his  opinion 
such  person  is  feeble-minded  or  epileptic,  and  also  whether  or 
not  such  person  is  violently  insane  or  afflicted  with  any  con- 
tagious disease.     In  case  the  application  is  not  made  by  the 
selectmen,  said  court  shall  also  appoint  a  selectman  of  the  town 
of  alleged  residence  who  shall  investigate  and  report  at  the 
time  of  said  hearing  as  to  the  residence  and  estate  of  the  person 
alleged  to  be  feeble-minded  or  epileptic  and  as  to  the  pecuniary 
responsibility  of  those  responsible  for  his  support.     If  said 
court  after  due  hearing  had,  finds  the  allegations  in  the  appli- 
cation to  be  true  and  that  the  person  alleged  to  be   feeble- 
minded or   epileptic   resides   within   the   jurisdiction   of    said 
court,  and  is  not  violently  insane  or  afflicted  with  any  con- 
tagious disease,  it  may  order  the  person  so  complained  of  to  be 
committed  to  the  Mansfield  State  Training  School  and  Hospi- 
tal, and  in  such  order  of  commitment  said  court  shall  find  and 
state  the  name,  residence,  date  of  birth  of  the  person  com- 
mitted, the  names,  nationality  and  address  of  his  parents,  so  far 
as  the  same  can  be  ascertained,  the  amount  of  his  estate,  and 
the  amount  per  week  which  any  person  liable  for  his  support 
can  afford  to  pay  for  his  maintenance  in  said  institution.     No 
such  commitment  shall  be  valid  until  approved  by  the  governor, 
and  two  copies  of  such  order  of  commitment  shall  be  made,  one 
of  which  shall  be  lodged  in  the  office  of  the  governor,  and  the 
other,  bearing  the  indorsement  of  his  approval,  shall  be  left 


135 

in  the  hands  of  the  superintendent  of  the  institution  by  the 
person  appointed  by  the  court  of  probate  to  serve  the  same  and 
to  deliver  the  person  committed  to  said  institution. 


CHAPTER  XXIX 
Homes  for  Dependent  and  Neglected  Children 

General    Statutes,    Chapter   90,   page    569 

Sec.  350     For  the  better  protection  of  children  between  G  s  sec  1766 
the  ages  of  four  and  eighteen  years,  of  the  classes  hereinafter  SeJ  2788 
described,  to  wit:  Waifs,  strays,  children  in  charge  of  over-  Temporary 

.  county     home; 

seers  of  the  poor,  children  of  prisoners,  drunkards  or  paupers,   for  wha*  chil- 

f  '    dren    intended 

and  others  committed  to  hospitals,  almshouses  or  workhouses, 
and  all  children  within  said  ages,  deserted,  neglected,  cruelly 
treated  or  dependent,  or  living  in  any  disorderly  house,  or 
house  reputed  to  be  a  house  of  ill-fame  or  assignation,  there 
shall  be  provided  in  each  county  one  or  more  places  of  refuge 
to  be  known  as  temporary  homes.  No  such  home  shall  be 
located  within  one-half  mile  of  any  penal  or  pauper  institution, 
and  no  pauper  or  convict  shall  be  permitted  to  live  or  labor 
therein.  No  such  home  shall  be  used  as  a  permanent  residence 
for  any  child,  but  for  its  temporary  protection  for  so  long  a 
time  only  as  shall  be  absolutely  necessary  for  the  placing  of 
the  child  in  a  well  selected  family  home. 

Sec.  351     Whenever  any  child  from  a  county  temporary  G  s  sec  1780 

/  *  f  "       ,      1907,    ch      108 

home  shall  be  placed  by  the  board  of  management  ot   such 

..,.,,  M  ,  .          Temporary 

county  home  in  a  private  family,  the  responsible  person  receiv-  homes;   bmd- 

,  .        ,       ..  ing    out;    con- 

ing  such  child  shall  execute  in  duplicate  a  written  agreement  tract 
with  the  board  of  management  of  the  county  home  concerned, 
substantially  in  the  following  form:     In  consideration  of  re- 
ceiving a  child,  (name)  ,  aged years,  into 

my  family  home  from  the  county  temporary 

home,  I  ,  of  the  city  town  of  , 

do  hereby  agree  with  the  board  of  management  of  said 

county  temporary  home,  that  so  long  as  said  child  shall  be 
within  the  care  of  my  family, 

i.  Said  child  shall  be  given  sufficient  and  suitable  food, 
clothing  and  bed,  and  medical  attendance  when  necessary,  and 
shall  not  be  required  to  perform  an  amount  of  labor  unsuitable 
for  his  age  or  strength. 


136 

2.  Said  child  shall  be  given   full   opportunity  to  attend 
school  during  the  terms  and  hours  prescribed  by  the  laws  of 
the  state  and  the  rules  of  the  state  board  of  education. 

3.  Said  child  shall  be  given   full  opportunity   to   attend 
religious  services  and  receive  instruction  in  the  faith  of  his 
parents,  when  that  is  known. 

4.  Notice  shall  be  given  to  said  county 

temporary  home  of  any  change  of  residence  of  my  family  or  of 
said  child  within  three  days  after  such  change. 

5.  The  name  of  said  child  shall  not  be  changed  except  by 
the  approval  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  county  home  and 
by  application  to  the  superior  court,  as  provided  by  section 
5572  of  the  general  statutes,  and  notice  shall  be  given  to  said 
county   temporary  home   whenever  such  change  of   name   is 
made. 

A.  B. 

(Town  or  city.)  

(District  or  street.)  

(Date.)    . 

One  copy  of  such  agreement  shall  be  retained  by  the  person 
receiving  such  child,  and  the  other  copy  placed  and  kept  on 
file  at  the  county  temporary  home ;  printed  forms  for  the  agree- 
ment provided  for  in  this  section  shall  be  furnished  by  the 
comptroller,  at  the  expense  of  the  state,  to  the  boards  of 
management  of  the  temporary  homes  in  the  several  counties. 

sic    2795  Sec.  352     Any  court  of  probate  of  any  city,  police,  borough 

Rev  \9\8, 167  or  town  court  may,  upon  proceedings  instituted  in  the  manner 

1919  ch82  238  provided  for  the  commitment  of  children  to  the  industrial  or 

Probate,   city,  reform  schools  of  the  state,  or  upon  the  petition  of  the  Con- 

townucourts  necticut  Humane  Society  or  the  State  Board  of  Charities,  com- 

chlfdren™?1*  mit  any  child  belonging  to  the  classes  enumerated  in  section 

homesraon  35o  to  any  temporary  home  that  may  have  been  established, 

Eonnecticut  until  such  child  shall  be  eighteen  years  of  age,  unless  sooner 

soc?eatyeor  discharged  by  the  board  of   management   of   the  temporary 

state  board   of    .  .  .  ...  .        .  .,  ,    .  -^     i         o    •  i 

charities  home  in  the  county  in  which  such  child  is  committed.     Said 

board  may  place  any  such  child  in  any  private  family  or  in  any 
chartered  orphan  asylum  or  children's  home  in  this  state 
wherein  such  child  will  be  accepted  for  the  period  for  which 
such  child  was  committed  to  such  temporary  home  or  for  any 


portion  thereof.  The  authority  committing  any  such  child 
shall,  within  thirty  days  after  such  commitment,  transmit  a 
certified  copy  of  the  items  of  the  costs  of  such  proceedings  to 
the  clerk  of  the  superior  court  for  the  county  in  which  the  trial 
or  hearing  was  had,  and  such  costs  shall  be  paid  as  costs  are 
paid  in  criminal  cases  coming  to  the  superior  court  from  an 
inferior  court.  Said  board  shall  present  to  the  comptroller, 
monthly,  a  bill  at  the  rate  of  three  dollars  and  fifty  cents  per 
week  for  each  child  so  committed,  the  amount  of  which  bill 
shall  be  paid  from  the  state  treasury.1 

Sec.  353     The  necessary  extra  expense  incurred  by  any  G  s  sec  I78S 
town  or  school  district  in  providing  school  accommodations  ife?  280?2 
and    instruction    for   the    inmates    of    any   temporary   homes  ^fpensesc0hf°o1 
located  therein  shall  be  paid  by  the  county  as  provided  in  J°£tn  t°r  £*' 
section  1787  of  the  general  statutes.  ?o'untyy 

Sec.  354     In  case  children  are  placed  by  county  commis-  G  s  sec  1789 
sioners  in  homes  in  towns  other  than  the  town  in  which  the  1913,  ch    132 
county  home  is  located,  the  school  visitors,  town  school  com-  School  ex- 
mittee  or  board  of  education  of  the  town  in  which  said  chil- 


dren  are  placed  shall  ascertain  the  cost  of  maintaining  the 
school  or  schools  in  which  said  children  attend  for  the  year 
ending  the  fourteenth  of  the  preceding  July,  and,  having  de- 
ducted from  this  amount  the  sums  received  by  the  town  for 
said  children  during  said  year  from  the  state  appropriation, 
shall  apportion  the  remainder  of  the  cost  of  said  school  or 
schools  between  the  town  and  the  county  in  proportion  to  the 
number  of  persons  between  the  ages  of  four  and  sixteen  years 
as  ascertained  by  the  enumeration  made  in  the  September  pre- 
ceding and  shall  present  a  copy  of  said  apportionment  to  the 
county  commissioners,  and  the  county  commissioners  shall 
cause  the  proportionate  expense  of  said  children  located  in 
families  to  be  paid  to  the  town  in  which  said  children  are 
placed  ;  and  whenever  the  town  wholly  maintains  the  school  at 
the  county  home  in  any  county,  the  board  of  school  visitors, 
town  school  committee  or  board  of  education  of  said  town 
shall  ascertain  the  expense  of  said  school  at  the  county  home 
as  above  provided  and  shall  certify  the  expense  to  the  county 
commissioners,  who  shall  pay  the  whole  amount  so  certified. 

1  Board   not   bound  to   permit   withdrawal    of  child   under   any   circumstances   61 
Conn,  268 


G  S  sec  1790 
Rev      1902 
Sec    2801 

Managers     of 
home   to   fix 
necessary 
school    ex- 
penses 


G  S  sec  1791 
1905,   ch      50 

Temporary 
homes 

School    books 
and  apparatus 


Sec.  355  The  board  of  managers  of  temporary  homes  in 
any  county  shall  be  the  judge  of  what  are  necessary  extra  ex- 
penses, under  section  353,  for  school  accommodations  and  in- 
struction for  inmates  of  temporary  homes  located  therein,  and 
no  such  expense  shall  be  allowed  or  collected  of  such  county 
unless  it  shall  have  been  incurred  with  the  approval  of  such 
board,  nor  until  the  account  of  the  same  shall  have  been 
audited  and  approved  by  such  board. 

Sec.  356  The  state  board  of  education,  or  a  committee 
appointed  by  said  board,  may  provide  books  and  apparatus  to 
be  used  at  or  in  any  of  the  public  schools  in  charge  of  said 
board  at  county  temporary  homes,  at  an  expense  not  exceeding 
in  any  year  the  amount  hereinafter  authorized ;  and  the  treas- 
urer of  the  state,  upon  the  order  of  the  secretary  of  the  state 
board  of  education,  shall  annually  pay  said  state  board  of  edu- 
cation ten  dollars  for  each  public  school  within  such  temporary 
homes  in  charge  of  said  board,  for  which  such  books  or  appa- 
ratus are  provided,  and  if  the  number  of  scholars  in  any  such 
school  exceeds  one  hundred  the  treasurer  shall  pay  to  said 
board  ten  dollars  for  each  one  hundred  or  fractional  part  of 
one  hundred  scholars  in  actual  attendance  at  said  school. 


G  S  sec  1806 
Rev      1902 
Sec  2823 
1915,  ch  73 

Commit- 
ments 


See   Sees 
1870,    1878 
G   S 


CHAPTER  XXX 
Connecticut  School  for  Boys 

General   Statutes,    Chapter   91,  page   580 

Sec.  357  No  court  or  justice  of  the  peace  shall  commit 
any  child  under  sixteen  years  of  age  as  vicious,  truant  or  in- 
corrigible to  any  jail,  almshouse  or  workhouse.  When  any 
'boy  under  the  age  of  sixteen  years  shall  be  convicted  of  any 
crime  or  misdemeanor  punishable  by  fine  or  imprisonment, 
other  than  imprisonment  for  life,  the  court  or  justice  of  the 
peace,  as  the  case  may  be,  may  commit  him  to  the  Connecticut 
School  for  Boys,  to  remain  until  he  shall  arrive  at  the  age  of 
twenty-one  years  unless  sooner  discharged  by  the  board  of 
trustees.  The  judges  of  the  criminal,  probate  and  police  courts 
of  the  state,  and  justices  of  the  peace,  may  commit  to  the  Con- 
necticut School  for  Boys :  First,  any  boy  under  sixteen  years 


139 

of  age  who  may  be  liable  to  punishment  by  imprisonment  under 
any  provision  of  the  general  statutes ;  second,  with  the  consent 
of  his  parent  or  guardian,  any  boy  under  sixteen  years  of  age, 
against  whom  any  charge  of  committing  any  crime  or  mis- 
demeanor shall  have  been  made  the  punishment  for  which,  on 
conviction,  would  be  confinement  in  jail  or  prison ;  third,  any 
boy  under  sixteen  years  of  age  who  is  destitute  of  a  'suitable 
home  and  adequate  means  of  obtaining  an  honest  living,  and 
who  is  in  danger  of  being  brought  up,  or  is  brought  up,  to  lead 
an  idle  or  vicious  life ;  fourth,  any  boy  under  sixteen  years  of 
age  who  is  incorrigible,  or  habitually  disregards  the  commands 
of  his  father  or  mother  or  guardian,  or  leads  a  vagrant  life,  or 
resorts  to  immoral  places  or  practices,  or  neglects  or  refuses 
to  perform  labor  suitable  to  his  years  and  condition  or  to 
attend  school. 

Sec.  358     No  boy  under  ten  years  of  age  shall  be  com-  G  s  sec  1807 
mitted  to  the  Connecticut  School  for  Boys  except  upon  convic-  seJ  2824°2 
tion  of  an  offense  for  which  the  punishment  is  imprisonment 

,  •  ...  When    boy 

in  the  state  prison  or  in  a  county  jail.  under  ten  to 

be    committed 
to    the    school 

Sec.  359     The  Connecticut  School  for  Boys  may  be  used  g6^.  ™cQ2l8o8 
under  the  authority  of  the  United  States  for  the  confinement  Sec  282S 
of  any  'boy  over  the  age  of  ten  years  and  under  the  age  of  six-  JJ™?sd  ^J*63 
teen  years,  convicted  in  the  United  States  court  for  the  district  commit  b°ys 
of  Connecticut  of  any  crime  or  misdemeanor  punishable  by 
fine  or  imprisonment,  other  than  imprisonment  for  life,  who 
shall  be  committed  to  said  school  until  he  shall  arrive  at  the 
age  of  twenty-one  years,  unless  sooner  discharged  by  the  board 
of  trustees  of  said  school ;  but  the  expense  of  supporting  and 
confining  any  boy  so  committed  shall  be  paid  by  the  United 
States. 

Sec.  360     Every  boy  sent  to  the  Connecticut  School  for  {^fjJJI  l809 
Boys  shall  remain  until  he  is  twenty-one  years  of  age,  unless   Sec    2826 
sooner  discharged  or  bound  as  an  apprentice;  but  no  boy  shall  mam  at 
be  retained  after  the  superintendent  shall  have  reported  him  ?ong° ' 
fully  reformed.  See  Sees  nss 

J  1838    G   S 


Sec     357     Statute  constitutional     Court  may  take  up  the  matter  without  formal 
complaint     51  C  472 


140 

CHAPTER  XXXI 
Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  92,  page   583 

Re^i902rf/p          Sec-  361     The    Connecticut    Industrial    School    for    Girls 
Sec  2836          shall,  so  long  as  it  remains  an  incorporated  institution  of  this 
district*  sch°o1  state  an.d  maintains  a  school  for  the  benefit  of  children  con- 
nected therewith,  be  a  separate  school  district,  with  a  terri- 
torial limit  including  the  grounds  and  buildings  occupied  by 
the  inmates  of  said  institution  as  homes.     All  other  territory 
'belonging  to  said  institution  shall  be  a  part  of  the  district  to 
which  the  same  territory  belonged  before  the  industrial  school 
for  girls  was  established. 

Rev  i90282°  Sec.  362     The    directors    of    the    Connecticut    Industrial 

Sec  2837  School  for  Girls  shall  be  the  school  committee  of  said  district, 
beirJchoo!  com-  anc^  sna^  possess  all  the  powers  and  be  subject  to  all  the 
duties  within  said  district  that  are  possessed  by  the  school 
visitors  in  the  several  towns.  They  may  appoint  an  acting 
school  visitor  in  said  district,  who  shall  possess  within  said 
district  all  the  powers  and  be  subject  to  all  the  duties  of  similar 
officers  appointed  by  school  visitors.  The  authority  of  the 
board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  in  which  said  district  is 
situated  shall  extend  only  to  the  remaining  portion  of  said 
town,  and  their  returns  and  certificates  shall  include  only  the 
children  of  such  remaining  portion. 

Sec5 2838  Sec.  363     The    treasurer    of    the    Connecticut    Industrial 

School  for  Girls  shall  draw  an  order  each  year  in  favor  of 
FoUrbiaidmsTheoyoi  said  district  on  the  treasurer  of  said  town,  for  the  propor- 
tionate amount  to  which  said  district  may  be  entitled  of  all 
moneys  appropriated  by  law  for  the  benefit,  support  and  en- 
couragement of  public  schools,  as  is  provided  in  respect  to 
towns. 

Rev  1902 l822          Sec.  364     The  parent  or  guardian  of  any  girl  between  the 

ages  of  eight  and  sixteen  years,  or  a  selectman  or  grand  juror 

Wnt°t™saidbe    or  otner  informing  officer  of   the  town  where   she  may  be 

found,  may  present  a  written  complaint  to  the  judge  of  the 

court  of  probate  for  the  district  in  which  such  town  is,  or  to 

any  justice  of  the  peace  of  such  town,  or  to  the  judge  of  the 

See  Sees  1870    P°^ce  court  of  any  city  where  she  may  be  found,  alleging  that 

Gen7'sta3t30  °^  s^e  ^as  committed  any  offense  within  the  final  jurisdiction  of 


141 

a  justice  of  the  peace,  or  is  rude,  stubborn  and  unruly,  or  is 
an  habitual  truant  from  school,  or  is  the  child  of  a  person 
who  has  had  town  relief,  and  is  by  such  parent  suffered  to 
misspend  her  time,  and  to  be  without  any  honest  calling,  or  is 
so  ill  provided  for  by  her  parents  as  to  be  exposed  to  want,  or 
is  exposed  to  want  with  none  to  care  for  her,  or  is  leading  an 
idle,  vagrant  or  vicious  life,  or  is  in  manifest  danger- of  falling 
into  habits  of  vice,  and  praying  that  she  may  be  sent  to  the 
Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls;  and  such  judge  or 
justice  of  the  peace  shall  thereupon,  after  notice  to  her  and 
such  other  notice  as  he  may  deem  proper,  inquire  into  said 
•complaint,  and,  on  being  satisfied  of  the  truth  of  the  allegations 
therein,  may  order  her  to  be  committed  to  the  .guardianship 
and  control  of  such  school  until  she  shall  arrive  at  the  age  of 
twenty-one  years,  unless  sooner  lawfully  discharged,  and,  if 
he  finds  that  she  has  committed  an  offense  punishable  by 
imprisonment,  other  than  imprisonment  for  life,  she  may  be 
.sentenced  to  the  Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls,  or 
judgment  may  be  suspended,  on  such  terms  and  for  such 
time  as  he  may  prescribe ;  and  said  authority  may  issue  a  war- 
rant for  the  execution  of  such  sentence;  but  this  chapter  shall 
not  be  construed  to  deprive  any  girl  of  fourteen  years  of  age 
and  upward  of  the  privilege  of  choosing  her  own  guardian 
with  the  approval  of  the  court  of  probate  as  provided  by  law. 


CHAPTER  XXXII 
Connecticut  Reformatory 

General    Statutes,    Chapter   93,   page   587 

Sec.  365     Male  persons  between  the  ages  of  sixteen  and  J909,  ch    162 
twentv-five  years   who   are  convicted   of   offenses   for  which  ipis)  ch    186 

*  J  1917,  ch     132 

they  may  be  punished  by  imprisonment  for  a  shorter  period  |ev  ^918 
than  life,  either  in  the  state  prison  or  in  a  jail,  may  be  com-  ^19^  ch   262 
mitted  to  the  reformatory  if  they  seem  to  the  trial  court  to  Commit. 
be  amenable  to  reformatory  methods.     The  judges  imposing 
a  reformatory  sentence  shall  not  fix  the  term  unless  it  exceeds 
five  years,  but  shall  impose  a  sentence  of  imprisonment  in  the 
reformatory. 


142 

Sec92Ch  262  ^ec*  3'^  ^ny  offender  who  is  sentenced  to  the  reforma- 
Detention  tory  ^y  a  suPeri°r  court  for  any  offense  punishable  by  im- 
wuhnYshab°i?ebye  prisonment  in  the  state  prison  may  be  detained  in  the  reforma- 
n™nrtiscin"  the  torv  not  more  than  five  years,  unless  he  is  sentenced  for  a 
state  prison  longer  term,  in  which  case  he  may  be  held  for  such  longer 

term. 

1919  ch  262  Sec.  267     Any  offender  sentenced  to  the  reformatory  for 

Detention  an  °^ense  ^or  which  the  maximum  punishment  is  a  sentence 
where  penalty  to  a  jaj^  Wjtj1  or  without  a  fine,  may  be  detained  in  the  re- 
sentence  formatory  not  more  than  two  years. 

i9i9^ch    262  Sec.  368     Any  town,  city,  borough,  police,  district  or  corn- 

Certain  courts  mon  pleas  court  may  sentence  offenders  to  the  reformatory. 
tfJJJJJJSSy  Any  offenders  so  sentenced  may  be  detained  in  the  reformatory 
not  more  than  two  years.  The  limit  of  jurisdiction  of  the 
courts  named  in  this  section  shall  be  for  offenses,  the  punish- 
ment for  which  shall  be  a  fine  of  not  more  than  one  thousand 
dollars,  or  imprisonment  in  the  state  prison  for  not  more  than 
five  years,  or  both.  An  appeal  may  be  taken  by  the  accused 
within  forty-eight  hours  from  the  time  of  sentence,  from  a 
judgment  so  imposed  by  a  town,  city,  borough  or  police  court, 
as  is  provided  by  law  in  other  criminal  cases. 

1919  ch    262  Sec.  369     Inmates  of  the  Connecticut  School  for  Boys,  be- 

tween the  ages  of  fourteen  and  twenty-one  years,  whom  the 

Transfer  from  ......  .  r 

Connecticut       trustees  of  said  institution  desire  to  have  transferred  to  the 

School  for 

Boys  reformatory  and  whom  the  directors  of  the  reformatory  are 

willing  to  receive,  may  be  so  transferred.  Offenders  of  this 
class  may  be  detained  at  the  reformatory  for  the  same  period 
for  which,  except  for  their  transference  to  said  reformatory, 
they  could  have  been  held  at  said  school  for  boys. 

SecVh  262  SGC-  370  When  a  person  is  sentenced  to  the  reformatory 
Suppiemen-  ^ or  an  offense  f or  which  a  fine  is  provided  by  law  as  a  supple- 
rnentary  penalty,  the  trial  court  shall  impose  no  such  supple- 
mentary  penalty. 

reformatory 

1919  ch    262          Sec.  371     No    justices    of    the    peace    shall    commit    any 
offender  to  the  state  reformatory. 

Justices  of 
peace  not  to 
commit  to  re- 
formatory 


143 

CHAPTER  XXXIII 
General  Provisions 

General   Statutes,   Chapter   95,  page   595 

Sec.  372     An  appeal  shall  lie  from  any  judgment,  orders  or  %J  iw2l87° 
decree,  committing  any  minor  to  the  Connecticut  School  for  f9Q92th42i2 
Boys,  to  the  Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls,  to  any  Appe'als  from 
county  home  for  dependent  or  neglected  children,  or  to  any  S'SSSFor 
institution  in  this  state  chartered  by  the  general  assembly  for  county  homes 
similar  purposes,  to  the  next  term  of  the  criminal  court  of 
common  pleas  to  be  held  within  and  for  the  county  where 
such  judgment  is  rendered;  but  in  towns  within  the  appellate 
jurisdiction  in  criminal  cases  of  the  district  court  of  Water- 
bury  such  appeal  shall  be  taken  to  the  next  criminal  term  of 
said  district  court ;  and  in  cases  not  in  the  jurisdiction  of  such 
criminal  court  of  common  pleas  or  district  court  to  the  next 
criminal   term  of   the  superior  court.     Such  appeal   may  be 
taken  by  any  parent  or  guardian  of  the  child  so  committed, 
or  by  the  selectmen  of  the  town  in  which  such  judgment  is 
rendered,  within  twenty  days  thereafter;  and  the  appellant 
shall  enter  into  a  recognizance,  with  surety,  to  the  state,  con- 
ditioned to  answer  to  the  complaint  and  abide  the  order  and 
judgment   of   the   court   thereon.     Complaints   in   such   cases 
charging  a  minor  with  crime  shall  on  appeal  be  tried  by  a 
jury,  but  all  other  complaints  shall  be  tried  in  chambers  by 
the  judge  of  the  court  to  which  the  appeal  is  taken,  and  such 
minor  shall  be  produced  in  court  or  chambers,  during  trial  and 
to  receive  final  judgment,  by  the  appellant  or  by  the  person  or 
persons  having  such  minor  in  their  possession  or  control. 

Sec.  373     There  shall  be  allowed  in  each  case  of  commit-  G  s  sec  1871 
ment  to  the  Connecticut  School  for  Boys,  a  temporary  home  or  sic  2355 
the  Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls,  the  same  fees  for  Fees  for 

commitments 

complaint  and  warrant,  or  order,  that  are  allowed  by  law  for  to  schools  and 

.    ,        county    homes 

complaints  and  warrants  in  criminal  cases;  and  there  shall  be 
allowed  to  the  grand  jurors  or  prosecuting  officers  attending 
such  cases  the  same  fees  fqr  travel  and  attendance  as  are 
allowed  by  law  to  grand  jurors  in  criminal  cases. 

Sec.  374     The  authority  committing  any  boy  to  the  Con-  G  s  sec  1872 
necticut  School  for  Boys,  or  committing  any  child  to  the  home   Sec  2856 
for  dependent  and  neglected  children  in  any  county,  or  com-  S^ment"  tS°m' 
mitting  any  girl  to  the  Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls,  county  homes 


144 

shall  transmit  a  certified  copy  of  the  items  of  the  costs  on  the 
complaint  to  the  clerk  of  the  superior  court  for  the  county  in 
which  the  trial  or  hearing  was  had,  within  thirty  days  after 
the  trial  or  hearing,  and  said  costs  shall  be  taxed  and  paid  as 
costs  are  taxed  and  paid  in  criminal  cases  coming  to  the 
superior  court  from  an  inferior  court. 


CHAPTER  XXXIV 
Employment  of  Children  in  Certain  Occupations 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  283,  page  1486 

Re*  1902 530'          Sec.  375     No  minor  under  sixteen  years  of  age  and  no 
1907  4chl25i      woman  shall  be  employed  in  any  manufacturing  or  mechanical 
1913!  c°hh  179°  establishment  more  than  ten  hours  in  any  day,  or  fifty-five 
Employment      hours  in  any  calendar  week.     Every  employer  in  such  estab- 
lishment   shall   post   in   a   conspicuous   place   in   every   room 
where  such  persons  are  employed  a  notice,  the  form  of  which 
shall  be  furnished  by  the  commissioner  of  labor  and  factory 
inspection,   specifically   stating   the   hours    of   work    required 
of  them  on  each  day  of  the  week,  and  the  employment  of  any 
such  person  for  a  longer  time  on  any  day  than  so  stated  shall 
be  a  violation  of  this  section. 
G  s  sec  5302          Sec.  376     No  minor  under  sixteen  years  of  age  and  no 

Rev  1902  ,          ,.  „ 

Sec  4691  woman  shall  be  employed  in  any  bowling  alley  or  mercantile 
1909'  ch  220  establishment,  other  than  manufacturing  or  mechanical,  more 
I9i3|  ch^  179  than  fifty-eight  hours  in  any  calendar  week,  provided,  any 
Em  io  ment  employer  who  shall,  during  each  year,  give  not  less  than  seven 
holiday  s  with  pay,  shall  be  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  this 
secti°n  during  the  period  from  the  seventeenth  to  the  twenty- 
fifth  day  of  December  of  each  year.  Every  employer  in  such 
an  establishment  shall  post  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  every 
room  where  such  persons  are  employed  a  notice,  the  form  of 
which  shall  be  furnished  by  the  commissioner  of  labor  and 
factory  inspection,  stating  specifically  the  hours  of  work  re- 
quired of  such  persons  on  each  day  of -the  week,  and  the 
employment  of  any  such  person  for  a  longer  time  on  any  day 
than  so  stated  shall  be  a  violation  of  this  section. 


145 

CHAPTER  XXXV 

Crimes 
Offenses  against  the  Person 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  327,   page   1715 

Sec.  377     Every  person   who   shall   exhibit,   use,   employ,  %<£  iw6** 
apprentice^  give  away,   let   out  or  otherwise  dispose   of  any  fjis1^3^ 
child  under  the  age  of  sixteen  years,  in  or  for  the  vocation,  unlawful  ex- 
occupation,  service  or  purpose  of  rope  or  wire  walking,  danc-  empVo^ent 
ing,  skating,  bicycling  or  peddling,  or  as  a  gymnast,  contor-  of  chlld 
tionist,  rider  or  acrobat,  in  any  place ;  or  for  or  in  any  obscene, 
indecent  or  immoral  purpose,  exhibition  or  practice ;  or  for 
or  in  any  business,   exhibition  or  vocation,   injurious  to  the 
health,  or  dangerous  to  the  life  or  limb  of  such  child;  or  who 
shall  cause,  procure  or  encourage  any  such  child  to  engage 
therein,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  two  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars  or  imprisoned  not  more  than  one  year  or  both. 

Offenses  Against  Humanity  and  Morality 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  333,  page  1752 

Sec.  378     Any  parent,  guardian  or  other  person  who  shall,  i9Q7se^6469 
by  any  act  or  neglect,  cause,  encourage,  contribute  to  or  be  Causing  de_ 
responsible  for  such  conduct  or  condition  of  any  child  under  l^Sency  °f 
sixteen  years  of  age  as  by  statute  is  made  cause  for  the  com- 
mitment of  such  child  to  the  Connecticut  School  for  Boys,  the 
Connecticut  Industrial  School  for  Girls,  or  a  county  tempo- 
rary home,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars  or 
imprisoned  not  more  than  six  months   or  both.     The  court 
may  impose  conditions  upon  any  person  convicted  under  the 
provisions  of  this  section,  and  so  long  as  such  person  shall 
comply  therewith  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  court  the  sentence 
imposed  may  be  suspended. 

Offenses  Against  Public  Property 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  328,  page  1717 

Sec.  379     Every    person    who    shall    wilfully    injure    any  Q  5-  sec  ^216 
public  building,1  or  who  shall  wilfully  injure  or  carry  away  any  sic  n?9 
stove,  stove-pipe  or  furniture,  in  and  belonging  to  any  such  J^Ki?  build- 
building,  or  who  shall  wilfully  deface  or  injure  a  voting  booth  a"f ' Vf0uting ure 

1  The   words   "  public  buildings "    include   schoolhouses     Gen      Stat      Sec      6721 
10 


146 


G  S  sec  6221 
Rev  1902 
Sec    1174 


or  compartment,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred 
dollars  or  imprisoned  not  more  than  six  months  or  both.1 

Sec.  380     Every  person  who  shall  wilfully  write  upon,  in- 
jure or  destroy  any  book,  plate,  picture,  engraving  or  statue 
wilful  injury    belonging  to  any  library  not  exclusively  owned  by  himself, 

to   property   of 

public  library  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  five  hundred  dollars ;  and  every 
person  who  shall  wilfully  detain  any  book,  paper,,  magazine, 
pamphlet,  manuscript  or  other  property,  belonging  to  any 
town,  city,  law,  university,  college,  school  or  other  public  or 
incorporated  library,  for  thirty  days  after  notice  in  writing 
from  the  librarian  of  such  library,  sent  by  mail  or  otherwise 
to  the  last  known  or  registered  place  of  residence  of  such  per- 
son, after  the  expiration  of  the  time  during  which,  by  the  by- 
laws, rules  or  regulations  of  such  library,  such  book,  paper, 
magazine,  pamphlet,  manuscript  or  other  property  may  be 
kept,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars.  The 
notice  herein  required  shall  bear  upon  its  face  a  copy  of  this 
section. 


G  S  sec  6340 
Rev  1902 
Sec  1281 

Interrupting 
or    disturbing 
schools  or 
meetings 


G  S  sec  6362 
Rev       1902 
Sec  1300 

Disturbance 
of  meetings 


Offenses  Against  Public  Peace  and  Safety 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  331,  page  1740 

Sec.  381  Every  person  who  shall  wilfully  interrupt  or 
disturb  any  school,2  or  any  assembly  of  people  met  for  a  lawful 
purpose,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  seven  dollars  or  impris- 
oned not  more  than  thirty  days  or  both. 

Sec.  382  Every  person  who  shall  prevent  a  lawful  meet- 
ing of  any  community  from  proceeding,  in  an  orderly  and 
peaceable  manner,  to  the  appointment  of  a  moderator,  or  shall 
abuse  him  or  a  presiding  officer  of  an  electors'  meeting,  or  in- 
terrupt either  in  the  discharge  of  his  duty,  or,  after  he  has 
commanded  silence,  shall  speak  in  the  meeting  without  his 
permission,  except  to  ask  reasonable  liberty  to  speak,  shall  be 
fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars. 

1  Complaint  must  set  out  with  particularity  the  "  injury  "  62  C9nn  131  "  Wil- 
fully "  means  in  a  spirit  of  wantonness  or  with  an  evil  intent  or  guilty  purpose  71 
Conn  742 

-  Singing  school  within  terms  of  statute  de  interrupting  "  any  public,  private, 
or  select  school"  26  Conn  607;  see  also  28  Conn  232 


147 
Offenses  Against  Public  Policy 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  334,  page   1757 

Sec.  383     Any    person    owning,    keeping    or    managing,  gej  se\$$s 
wholly  or  in  part,  any  dance  house,  concert  saloon,  roller  skat-  fin"*0  154 
ing  rink,  theater,  moving  picture  show  or  phonograph  hall,  or  Children  pro. 
any  museum  having  entertainments  or  variety  shows  connected  fmCp?oPer0m 
therewith,  who  shall  allow,  at  any  time,  any  child  under  the  amusements 
age  of  fourteen  years,  or,  after  six  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of 
any  day,  any  boy  under  the  age  of  fourteen  or  any  girl  under 
the  age  of  sixteen  years,  to  be  admitted  to  or  remain  in  such 
place,    unless    such    child    is    accompanied   by    its    parent    or 
guardian  or  some  adult  person  authorized  by  such  parent  or 
guardian  to  attend  such  child,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than 
fifty  dollars. 

Sec.  384     Every  person  who  shall  sell,  give  or  deliver  to  g  s  sec  6436 
any  minor  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  tobacco  in  any  form,  fj^1^1  90 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  twenty-five  dollars  for  the  first  c 

bale  ot   to- 

offense,  and  not  less  than  twenty-five  dollars  nor  more  than  ba.cco  to    . 

J  minors  under 

one  hundred  dollars  for  each  subsequent  offense. 

Sec.  385     Every  person  under  sixteen  years  of  age,  who  G  s  fee  6437 
shall  smoke,  or  in  any  way  use,  in  any  public  street,  place  or  Sec  1362 
resort,   tobacco   in  any   form  whatsoever,   shall  be  fined  not  Use  of  to- 

•'  bacco   by 

more  than  seven  dollars  for  each  offense.  minors  under 

sixteen 

Sec.  386     Every    person    who    shall    display    the    flag    or  G^S  sefffi6 
emblem  of  any  foreign  country  upon  the  outside  of  any  state,  Sec  1385 
county,  city  or  town  building,  or  public  schoolhouse,  shall  be  J^g1^  £*  s 
fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars ;  provided,  when  any 
foreigner  shall  become  a  guest  of  the  United  States  or  of  this 
state,  upon  the  proclamation  of  the  governor,  the  flag  of  the 
country  of  such  guest  may  be  displayed  upon  all  public  build- 
ings except  schoolhouses. 

Sec.  387  ....  Any  proprietor  or  keeper  of  a  public  G  s  sec  6479 
billiard  or  pool  room  ....  who  shall,  at  any  time,  per- 
mit any  person  under  eighteen  years  of  age  unaccompanied  by 
parent  or  guardian  to  loiter  in  or  about  such  room,  or  who 
shall  employ  any  person  under  eighteen  years  of  age,  in  or 
about  such  room,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars  or 
imprisoned  not  more  than  thirty  days  or  both. 


G  S  sec  256 
Rev       1902 
Sec  1799 

What  women 
may  vote  for 
school  officers 


G  S  sec  560 
Rev       1902 
Sec  1616 

Separate    list 
of  women  "  to 
be  made  " 


G  S  sec  573 
Rev      1902 
Sec   1629 
1909,  ch     96 

Women  voters 


G  S  sec  574 
Rev      1902 
Sec   1630 
1909,  ch     96 

Women  to 
qualify;  lists; 
penalty 


148 

CHAPTER  XXXVI 
Elections  and  Electors 

General    Statutes,    Chapter    15,    page    144 

Sec.  388  Those  women  whose  names  appear  upon  the 
registry  list  of  women  voters  shall  be  entitled  to  vote  in  any 
meeting  held  for  choosing  school  officers,  or  upon  any  matter 
relating  to  education  or  to  schools. 

.General  Statutes,  Chapter  34,  page  224 

Sec.  389  The  registrars  of  every  town  shall  also  enter 
upon  a  separate  list  under  the  title  "  women's  list,  to  be  made," 
the  names  of  those  women  by  whom  or  in  whose  behalf  the 
claim  is  made  to  either  registrar  that  they  will  be  entitled  to 
vote  for  school  officers  and  on  questions  relating  to  education 
or  to  schools,  and  all  applications  "  to  be  made  "  in  favor  of 
women,  shall  be  at  the  same  times  and  in  the  same  form  and 
set  forth  the  same  information  as  applications  for  men  to  be 
made  electors,  and  such  claims  and  applications  shall  be  re- 
ceived by  said  registrars  and  heard  and  determined  by  the  town 
clerk  and  selectmen  at  the  same  time  that  claims  and  applica- 
tions by  men  to  be  made  electors  are  received,  heard  and 
determined. 

Sec.  390  Every  woman  who  shall  have  attained  the  age 
of  twenty-one  years,  who  shall  be  a  citizen  of  this  state  or  of 
the  United  States,  and  who  will  have  resided  in  the  state  one 
year  and  in  the  town  six  months,  and  can  read  the  English 
language,  shall,  after  having  been  duly  admitted,  have  the  right 
to  vote  for  any  officer  of  schools  and  directors  of  public 
libraries  and  upon  any  question  relating  to  education,  or 
to  schools,  or  to  public  libraries. 

Sec.  391  The  board  of  selectmen  and  town  clerk  shall  at 
any  meeting  held  by  them  for  the  admission  of  electors,  exam- 
ine the  qualifications  of  those  women  by  whom  or  in  whose 
behalf  application  has  been  made  to  be  admitted  as  voters  for 
school  officers  and  for  directors  of  public  libraries  and  upon 
any  question  relating  to  education,  or  to  schools,  or  to  public 
libraries,  and  whose  names  appear  on  the  "  women's  list  — 
to  be  made,"  and  shall  cause  the  person  in  whose  favor  such 
application  is  made  to  testify  under  oath  to  her  qualifications 
to  be  made  such  voter,  and  shall  deliver  to  the  town  clerk  a 


149 

certified  list  in  writing  of  all  women  who  are  found  to  possess 
the  requisite  qualifications  to  be  made  such  voters,  which  said 
list  shall  be  kept  by  said  town  clerk  as  an  official  list ;  and  the 
registrars  may  restore  to  said  list  the  name  of  any  woman, 
subject  to  the  same  restrictions  and  conditions  as  apply  to 
restoration  of  names  to  the  list  of  electors.  Every  woman  who 
shall  testify  falsely  as  to  her  qualifications  to  be  made  a  voter, 
or  knowingly  vote  illegally  at  any  town,  school  or  district 
meeting,  shall  be  fined  not  more  than  fifty  dollars  or  im- 
prisoned not  more  than  thirty  days. 

Sec.  392     Whenever  registry  lists  shall  be  used  by  those  ge^  se{9$5 
voting  in  school  district  meetings,  the  registrars  of  voters  of  Seciesi 
the  town  in  which  such  districts  are  situated,  shall  prepare  f^3^  vot" 
separate  lists  of  the  names  of  those  women  residing  in  such 
school  districts,  or  the  voting  districts  of  any  such  school  dis- 
tricts, that  have  been  admitted  as  voters. 

General  Statutes,   Chapter  35,  page  236 

Sec.  393     The  names  of  candidates  for  all  offices  to  be  §e^j^  597 
voted  for  at  one  and  the  same  election  shall  be  upon  one  Sees  1648 
ballot  as  hereinbefore  prescribed,  excepting  that  at  all  elec-  J^o?,  ch^  187 
tions  at  which  women  are  by  law  entitled  to  vote  the  names  of  officers  on 
all  candidates   for  whom  women  may  legally  vote   shall  be  ^aJSe^oxe 
upon  a  separate  ballot,  which  shall  be  prepared  after  the  same  t>°iloYsomen's 
form  and  description,  and  delivered  in  the  same  manner,  as 
hereinbefore  provided,  and  at  such  elections  separate  boxes, 
distinctly  marked  as  hereinbefore  prescribed,  shall  be  provided, 
in  which  shall  be  deposited  all  ballots  cast  by  women. 

General    Statutes,    Chapter   35,   page   238 

Sec.  394     Whenever    at    any    election    any    vote    for    the  f^s  sec  ^ 
approval  or  disapproval  of  any  constitutional  amendment  sub-  yte  on  con 
mitted  for  ratification  or  any  vote  for  or  against  any  educa- 
tional  purpose  under  the  special  laws  of  this  state  or  any  other 
vote  upon  any  question  shall  be  taken  by  ballot  in  any  town, 
city  or  borough  pursuant  to  any  special  law,  the  ballot  herein- 
before  prescribed,   provided    for   towns,    cities   or   boroughs 
affected  by  any  such  question,  shall,  in  addition  to  the  columns 
hereinbefore   provided   for,   contain   two   additional   columns, 
each  of  which  shall  contain  spaces  of  the  same  general  descrip- 


150 

tion  as  the  spaces  in  the  party  columns,  except  that  such  spaces 
provided  for  each  such  question  may  be  of  sufficient  depth  to 
contain  the  designation  of  such  constitutional  amendment  or 
other  question  submitted,  and  the  word  "  yes  "  or  the  word 
"  no "  printed  thereunder.  At  the  left  of  each  such  space 
shall  be  the  voting  space,  which  shall  be  of  the  same  width  as 
hereinbefore  provided  and  of  the  same  depth  as  the  space 
containing  the  question  to  be  voted  upon.  At  the  head  of  each 
such  column  shall  be  printed  a  circle  as  hereinbefore  described. 
In  the  first  of  the  two  columns  provided  for  in  this  section 
shall  be  printed  in  the  spaces  provided  the  designation  of  each 
such  constitutional  amendment  or  other  special  question  to  be 
voted  upon  and  the  word  "  yes  "  thereunder,  and  in  the  other 
column  provided  for  in  this  section  shall  be  printed  in  the 
spaces  provided  the  designation  of  each  such  constitutional 
amendment  or  other  special  question  to  be  voted  upon  and  the 
word  "  no  "  thereunder.  Any  elector  desiring  to  vote  "  yes  " 
upon  all  such  questions  may  indicate  his  choice  by  placing  a 
cross-mark  "X"  within  the  circle  at  the, head  of  the  column 
containing  the  word  "  yes,"  and  any  elector  desiring  to  vote 
"  no  "  upon  all  of  such  questions  may  indicate  his  choice  by 
placing  a  cross-mark  "  X  "  within  the  circle  at  the  head  of  the 
column  containing  the  word  "  no,"  and  any  elector  desiring  to 
vote  "  yes  "  upon  any  of  such  questions  and  "  no  "  upon  any 
of  the  others  may  indicate  his  choice  by  placing  a  cross-mark 
"  X  "  in  the  voting  space  at  the  left  of  the  space  containing 
such  question.  Any  ballot  marked  in  any  manner  other  than 
as  provided  in  this  chapter,  and  any  ballot  bearing  any  mark 
other  than  the  cross-mark  "  X  "  used  for  the  purpose  of  voting 
will  render  such  ballot  void;  but  this  provision  shall  not  be  so 
construed  as  to  prevent  any  elector  from  writing  the  name  of 
any  candidate  upon  any  ballot  as  hereinbefore  provided. 
Whenever  any  question  provided  for  in  this  section  shall  be 
printed  upon  any  such  ballot,  in  addition  to  the  instructions 
provided  for  in  section  598  of  the  general  statutes  there  shall 
be  printed,  in  the  same  style  of  type,  and  in  the  same  manner, 
such  additional  instructions  concerning  voting  upon  such  ques- 
tion as  the  secretary  may  deem  necesary. 


CHAPTER  XXXVII 

General  Provisions 

Comptroller 

General   Statutes,   Chapter  7,   page   114 

Sec.  395     The  comptroller  shall,  annually,  in  the  month  of   G  s  sec  143 
February,  lodge  with  the  treasurer  a  certified  list,  by  towns,   sic  121 
of  the  enumeration  of  children  by  him  last  perfected.  1909,  ch  22 

To  lodge  list 
of  children 
with  treasurer 

Motor  Vehicles 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  77,  page   509  G  S  sec  1540 

Sec.  396     (a)   Upon  approaching  any  person  walking  or 
riding  in  the  traveled  portion  of  any  highway,  or  a  horse  or   sp^d™  R°uies 
any  other  draft  animal  being  led,  ridden  or  driven  thereon,   Signs3 
or  a  motor  vehicle,  and  in  passing  such  person,  or  such  horse 
or  other  draft  animal  or  motor  vehicle,  the  person  operating  a 
motor  vehicle  shall  reduce  its  speed  when  reasonable  care  re- 

See 

quires.  If  such  horse  or. other  draft  animal,  so  led,  ridden  or  Sees  1475  and 
driven,  shall  appear  to  be  frightened,  and  if  the  person  in  stat 
charge  thereof  shall  signal,  the  person  operating  such  motor 
vehicle  shall  bring  the  same  to  a  stop,  and,  if  traveling  in  the 
opposite  direction,  shall  remain  stationary  as  long  as  may  be 
reasonable  to  allow  such  horse  or  other  draft  animal  to  pass, 
or,  if  traveling  in  the  same  direction,  shall  use  reasonable 
caution  in  passing  such  horse  or  other  animal,  (b)  Upon 
approaching  an  intersecting  highway,  a  curve  or  a  corner  of  a 
highway,  or  a  schoolhouse,  provided,  signs  on  the  highway 
legible  for  a  distance  of  one  hundred  feet,  indicate  such  high- 
way, curve,  corner  or  schoolhouse,  any  person  operating  a 
motor  vehicle  shall  reduce  its  speed  and  give  a  timely  signal 
when  reasonable  care  requires,  and  shall  keep  to  the  right  of 
the  intersection  of  the  center  of  both  highways  when  turning 
to  the  right,  and  pass  to  the  right  of  the  intersection  of  the 
centers  of  such  highways  before  turning  to  the  left,  (c)  Each 
driver  of  a  motor  vehicle  approaching  any  intersecting  street  or 
highway  shall  grant  the  right  of  way  at  such  intersection  to 
any  vehicle  approaching  from  his  right,  provided,  where  traffic 
officers  are  stationed  they  shall  have  power  to  regulate  traffic, 
(d)  The  selectmen  in  each  town  shall  maintain  suitable  signs 
on  the  highway,  legible  from  a  distance  of  one  hundred  feet 


152 

and  located  at  a  distance  of  approximately  five  hundred  feet 
in  each  direction  from  schoolhouses,  bridges,  dangerous  curves 
and  intersecting  highways,  unless  such  signs  have  been  estab- 
lished and  are  maintained  by  the  highway  commissioner  or 
some  other  person. 

Salaries  and  Fees 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  119,  page  703 

Rev  1902 2259  Sec.  397  Acting  school  visitors  shall  receive  two  dollars 
a  day  each  while  actually  employed,  and  a  like  proportion  for 

visitors  sch°  parts  of  days,  and  such  further  compensation  as  their  respec- 
tive towns  may  fix  at  an  annual  meeting. 

Tuberculosis 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  136,  page  802 

f9oVch?2o  Sec.  398     The  commission  shall  take  measures   to  cause 

1913,  ch  183      instruction  in  all  schools  of  the  state  in  rules  of  living  essential 
tiSn°°cow2Sr  to  tne  suppression  of  tuberculosis  and  the  maintenance  of  the 
Sisg  tubercul°"  public  health,  and  to  that  end  may  publish  tracts  and  leaflets 
explaining  the  movement  to  control  tuberculosis,  suitable  for 
distribution  in  schools,  stores,  factories  and  places  of  public 
gatherings,  which  tracts  and  leaflets  may  be  printed  by  the 
commission  at  the  expense  of  the  state.    Said  commission  shall 
also  encourage  the  giving  of  public  addresses  upon  prevention 
and  treatment  of  tuberculosis,  and  shall  encourage  the  forma- 
tion of  local  organizations  to  further  that  end. 

Spitting  in  Public  Places 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  137,  page  806 

f9(J9>  -Jfh  \662  Sec.  399  No  person  shall  spit  on  the  paved  walk  of  any 
Spitting^in  public  street,  park  or  square,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any  hall  or 
penalty  office  in  any  hotel,  restaurant,  apartment  house,  tenement  or 

lodging  house  which  is  used  in  common  by  the  guests  or 
tenants  thereof,  or  upon  the  floor,  platform,  steps  or  stairs  of 
any  public  building,  church,  theater,  railway  station,  store,  fac- 
tory or  street  car  or  other  public  conveyance.  The  term  spit- 
ting as  used  in  this  section  shall  be  defined  as  the  act  of 
expelling  any  secretion  from  the  chest,  throat,  mouth  or  nose. 
Any  person  violating  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be 
fined  not  less  than  one  nor  more  than  five  dollars  or  imprisoned 
not  more  than  thirty  days  or  both. 

Sec  396  Turning  out  to  pass  another;  driving  on  left  side  9f  road  not  for- 
bidden 81  C  492  Statute  of  limitations  applicable  to  action  for  violation  of  rules 
of  road  83  C  503  Imputing  negligence  of  driver  to  guest  riding  with  him  83  C 
219;  89  C  707  See  notes  to  Sees  1538,  1568,  1573  of  General  Statutes 


153 
Use  of  Common  Drinking  Cups 

General    Statutes,    Chapter    137,    page    807 

Sec.  400     The  State  Department  of  Health,  to  prevent  the  G  s  sec  2676 

1911,  ch     96 

spread  of  communicable  diseases,  may,  by  suitable  rules  and 
regulations  adopted  by  said  department,  regulate  or  prohibit  common  drink- 

.,.  *  i    •    i  •  -1          ur      mg  cups 

the  providing  or  use  of  a  common  drinking  cup  in  such  public 
places,  vehicles  or  buildings  as  shall  be  designated  by  said 
rules  and  regulations,  and  shall  cause  such  rules  and  regula- 
tions to  be  printed  in  at  least  one  newspaper  published  in  each 
county  and  a  copy  thereof  to  be  sent'to  each  county,  town,  city 
and  borough  health  officer,  and  thereupon  said  rules  and  regu- 
lations shall  become  effective.  Any  person  violating  any  of 
the  provisions  of  said  rules  and  regulations  shall  be  fined  not 
more  than  twenty-five  dollars  for  each  offense. 


Powers  and  Duties  of  County  Commissioners 

General   Statutes,   Chapter   142,   page  827 

Sec.  401     Licenses  for  the  sale  of  spirituous  and  intoxicat-  ^ ^22741 
ing  liquors  in  cities  shall  be  confined  to  the  efficiently  policed  s^726^  200 
parts  thereof ;  and  no  license,  except  the  renewal  or  the  trans-  ^is,  ch  232 
fer  of  a  license  which  does  not  change  the  location  thereof,  Ljcenws^o  be 
at  the  discretion  of  the  county  commissioners  as  to  the  suita-  certain  places 
bility   of   person   and  place,  and   subject  to   appeal,   shall  be 
granted  in  the  purely  residential  or  manufacturing  parts  of  a 
town  or  within  two  hundred  feet  in  a  direct  line  from  any 
church  edifice  or  public  or  parochial  schoolhouse,  or  the  prem- 
ises pertaining  thereto,  except  to  a  well-established  hotel  of 
good  reputation  j1  nor  shall  one  be  granted  in  such  proximity  to 

1  No  place  can,  with  propriety,  be  deemed  "  suitable  "  for  the  sale  of  intox- 
icating liquor,  under  public  acts  of  1907,  chapter  200,  which  is  so  near  to  a  public 
or  parochial  schoolhouse  as  to  be  detrimental  to  the  interests  of  the  school  81 
Conn  276 

In  the  present  case  the  applicant's  saloon,  for  which  he  sought  a  renewal 
license,  was  about  seventy-five  feet  from  a  parochial  school  building,  recently 
erected  and  attended  by  eight  hundred  children,  and  the  county  commissioners 
refused  to  renew  the  license  on  the  ground  that  the  place  had  become  an  unsuit- 
able one  for  a  saloon  Held  that  the  fair  implication  in  support  of  this  finding  was 
that  the  continuance  of  a  saloon  at  that  place  would  be  detrimental  to  the  in- 
terests of  the  school  Ib 

The  fact  that  the  schoolhouse  site  was  bought  long  after  the  establishment  of 
the  applicant's  saloon,  in  close  proximity  to  it,  and  after  he  had  become  the 
owner  of  the  saloon  property,  is  of  no  legal  consequence;  nor  does  it  matter 
whether  such  property  is  worth  much  or  little  Ib 

All  property  in  this  country  is  held  under  the  implied  obligation  that  the 
owner's  use  of  it  shall  not  be  injurious  to  the  community  Ib 

Proof  in  the  superior  court  that  the  county  commissioners  had  renewed  a 
license  to  some  other  applicant  to  sell  liquor  at  some  other  place  near  a  church 
or  schoolhouse  is  immaterial,  since  each  application  stands  by  itself,  unfettered 
by  any  action  of  the  commissioners  taken  in  other  cases  Ib 


154 


G  S  sec  5132 
Rev  1902 
Sec  4070 
Use  of  barbed 
wire  pro- 
hibited 


G  S  sec  5180 
Rev  1902 
Sees  4111, 
4114 

Taking  land 
for  school 
purposes 
Exception 


G  S  sec  5186 
Rev  1902 
Sees     1961, 
1962,  4103, 
4104,  4106, 
4107,  4108, 
4110,  4112, 
4113 

1907,  ch  84 
1915,  ch  311 
1917,  ch  159 

Mode  of  con- 
demning    land 
for   certain 
purposes 


a  charitable  institution,  whether  supported  'by  public  or  private 
funds,  as  may  be  detrimental  to  the  same;  nor  shall  a  license 
be  granted  in  those  parts  of  a  license  town  where  it  is  apparent 
that  the  party  applying  for  it  is  seeking  to  obtain  patronage 
from  an  adjoining  no-license  town;  and  in  such  cases  persons 
in  the  adjoining  town  shall  have  the  right  to  remonstrate 
against  the  granting  of  such  license,  and  the  county  commis- 
sioners hearing  such  complaint  shall  give  the  same  considera- 
tion to  such  remonstrance  as  if  made  by  persons  residing  in 
the  town  wherein  such  license  is  asked  for.  This  section  shall 
not  apply  to  the  licensing  of  druggists. 

Fences 

General  Statutes,  Chapter  274,  page  1440 

Sec.  402  No  barbed  wire  shall  be  used  in  the  construction 
of  fences,  or  retained  upon  existing  fences,  connected  with  or 
enclosing  the  grounds  of  any  public  school  or  public  building. 
Every  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  section 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 

Eminent  Domain 

General   Statutes,  Chapter  277,  page  1450 

Sec.  403  Any  school  district  may  take  land  which  has 
been  fixed  upon  as  a  site,  or  addition  to  a  site,  of  a  public 
schoolhouse,  and  which  is  necessary  for  such  purpose  or  for 
outbuildings  or  convenient  accommodations  for  its  schools, 
upon  paying  to  the  owner  just  compensation.  But  no  school 
district,  society,  city  or  town  shall  take  for  school  purposes  the 
land  of  any  ecclesiastical  society,  upon  any  part  of  which  a 
church  building  has  already  been  erected,  without  the  consent 
of  such  ecclesiastical  society,  or  any  land  devoted  to  or  used 
for  cemetery  or  burial  purposes. 

Sec.  404  The  procedure  for  condemning  land  or  other 
property  for  any  of  the  purposes  specified  in  sections  5177, 
5178,  5179,  5180,  5181  and  5187  of  the  General  Statutes,  in 
case  those  desiring  to  take  said  property  cannot  agree  with  the 
owner  upon  the  amount  to  be  paid  him  for  any  property  thus 
taken,  shall  be  as  follows: 

The  armory  commission  in  the  name  of  the  state,  county 
commissioners  in  the  name  of  the  county,  any  town,  school  dis- 
trict, or  trustees  or  directors  of  any  state  institution  in  the  narrie 


of  the  state,  may  prefer  a  petition  to  the  superior  court  in  the 
county  in  which  the  property  lies,  or,  to  a  judge  of  said  court, 
if  said  court  is  not  in  session,  praying  that  such  compensation 
may  be  determined,  and,  if  said  petition  is  brought  under  sec- 
tion 5187,  that  a  site  be  fixed;  which  petition  shall  be  accom- 
panied by  a  summons  signed  by  competent  authority,  to  be 
served  as  process  in  civil  actions  before  said  court,  notifying 
the  owner  of  the  property  to  be  taken,  and  all  persons  inter- 
ested in  such  property,  to  appear  before  said  court  or  judge; 
said  court  or  judge  shall  thereupon  appoint  a  committee  of 
three  disinterested  persons,  who,  after  being  duly  sworn  and 
giving  reasonable  notice  to  the  parties,  shall  view  the  property 
in  question,  hear  the  evidence,  ascertain  the  value,  assess  just 
damages  to  the  owner  or  parties  interested  in  the  property  so 
proposed  to  be  taken,  and  report  their  doings  to  said  court  or 
judge.  In  the  case  of  a  school  district  said  committee  may, 
if  they  do  not  approve  the  site,  fix  another  site  on  land  of  the 
same  owner,  and  proceed  as  aforesaid.  Said  court  or  judge 
may  accept  .said  report  or  may  reject  it  for  irregular  or  im- 
proper conduct  by  the  committee  in  the  performance  of  its 
duties.  If  the  report  be  rejected,  the  court  or  judge  shall 
appoint  another  committee,  who  shall  proceed  in  the  same 
manner  as  the  first  committee  were  required  to  proceed.  If 
said  report  is  accepted,  such  acceptance  shall  have  the  effect  of 
a  judgment  in  favor  of  the  owner  of  the  property  against  the 
petitioner,  for  the  amount  of  the  assessment  made  by  the  com- 
mittee, and  except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law,  execution  may 
issue  therefor.  Said  court  or  judge  shall  make  any  order 
necessary  to  protect  the  rights  of  all  parties  interested.  Said 
property  shall  not  be  used  or  inclosed  by  the  petitioner  until  the 
amount  of  said  judgment  has  been  paid  to  the  party  to  whom 
it  is  due,  or  deposited  for  his  use  with  the  treasurer  of  the 
county  in  which  the  property  lies,  and  upon  such  payment  or 
deposit,  said  property  shall  become  the  property  of  the  peti- 
tioner. The  expenses  and  costs  of  said  hearing,  including  a 
reasonable  compensation  for  the  members  of  the  committee, 
shall,  in  the  case  of  the  armory  commission  be  audited,  allowed 
and  paid  by  said  commission ;  in  the  case  of  a  state  institution 
by  said  trustees  or  directors;  and  in  all  other  cases  shall  be 


156 

taxed  by  the  court  or  judge,  and  paid  by  the  town,  school  dis- 
trict or  county,  as  the  case  may  be. 

Sec  404  Power  of  legislature  to  delegate  determination  of  necessity  to 
subordinate  bodies  86  C  157  Necessity  means  a  reasonable  necessity  86  C  361 
When  application  may  be  made  to  judge  85  C  602  Notice  of  application;  should 
describe  property  with  certainty  86  C  361  Prayer  for  relief  87  C  199  When 
motion  to  dismiss  application  lies  72  C  692  Appeal  from  appointment  of  ap- 
praisers 75  C  237;  id  325;  78  C  1 ;  85  C  663  Necessity  of  finding  a  failure 
to  agree  69  C  438;  72  C  492;  80  C  38;  85  C  604;  see  86  C  658  Proceedings 
before  appraisers  and  on  report  74  C  452;  75  C  237;  76  C  565;  79  C  526;  id  606; 
80  C  38;  82  C  460  Just  compensation  75  C  239;  76  C  435;  82  C  378;  id  460 
Interest  on  award  72  C  277;  75  C  239;  82  C  51;  id,  379;  see  84  C  122;  85  C 
552  Judgment  accepting  report  not  to  direct  payment  of  damages  when  75  C  239 
Injunction  to  restrain  taking  of  land  till  compensation  is  made  70  C  616;  see 
82  C  157  See  notes  to  Const  Conn,  Art  I,  Sec  11;  Sec  3682;  Chap  197 


CHAPTER  XXXVIII 

State  Board  of  Education 

Appointed  by  the  Governor: 

FREDERICK  S.  JONES  of  New  Haven 
WILLIAM  A.  SHAN  KLIN  of  Middletown 
CHARLES  L.  AMES  of  Hartford 

to  serve  until  July  1,   1921. 

WALTER  D.  HOOD  of  Winchester 
JOHN  G.  TALCOTT  of  Vernon 
CHARLES  L.  TORREY  of  Putnam 

to  serve  until  July  1,  1923. 

JULIAN  W.  CURTIS  of  Greenwich 
HENRY  A.  TIRRELL  of  Norwich 
FREDERICK  M.  ADLER  of  New  Haven 

to    serve    until    uly    1,    1925. 


157 

CHAPTER  XXXIX 
Special  acts  relating  to  towns  or  districts 

ANSONIA 
Special  act  441,  1901,  page  1046,  as  amended  by  special  act  302,  1905, 

page  737 

§  50  The  territorial  limits  of  said  city  as  therein  described  shall 
hereafter  be,  as  they  now  are,  one  school  district. 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Ansonia 

Special  acts  of  1919,  page  123 

§  51  Section  fifty-one  of  an  act  revising  the  charter  of  the  city  of 
Ansonia,  approved  June  13,  1901,  is  amended  to  read  as  follows: 
There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  education  which  shall 
have  the  care,  management  and  control  of  all  the  schools  located 
in  said  city,  except  The  Charles  H.  Pine  Manual  Training  School. 

§  2  There  shall  be  a  commission  in  said  city  which  shall  have 
charge  and  management  of  The  Charles  H.  Pine  Manual  Training 
School,  which  commission  shall  be  a  special  branch  of  the  board  of 
education  whose  powers  and  duties  shall  be  especially  limited  to 
matters  pertaining  to  The  Charles  H.  Pine  Manual  Training  School. 

§  3  Said  commission  shall  be  composed  of  nine  members,  who 
shall  be  residents  of  Ansonia,  and  shall  be  known  as  The  Charles  H. 
Pine  Manual  Training  School  commission;  one  of  said  members  shall 
be  appointed  by  the  trustee  of  the  trust  fund  of  two  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  dollars  created  by  the  will  of  Charles  H.  Pine,  deceased,  which 
provides  for  building  and  maintaining  said  school;  the  superintendent 
of  the  public  schools  shall  be  ex  officio  a  member  of  said  commission 
and  there  shall  be  nominated  by  the  mayor  and  confirmed  by  the  board 
of  aldermen  as  provided  by  the  charter  three  members  of  the  board  of 
education;  two  officials  or  managers  of  industrial  concerns;  and  two 
employees  of  industrial  concerns,  skilled  in  some  classified  trade  taught 
in  the  trade  school.  Said  member  appointed  by  said  trustee  and  said 
members  nominated  by  the  mayor  and  confirmed  by  the  board  of  alder- 
men shall  hold  office  for  the  term  of  three  years  from  the  first  day  of 
January  succeeding  their  appointment  and  until  their  successors  are 
duly  elected  and  qualified. 

§  4  Said  appointments  shall  be  made  in  such  manner  as  to  divide 
said  commission  as  nearly  as  possible  equally  between  the  two  leading 
political  parties. 

§  5  The  members  of  said  commission  shall  receive  no  compensation 
for  their  services,  except  the  clerk  who  shall  receive  such  compensation 
as  said  commission  may  determine. 

§  6  Said  commission  shall  hold  regular  meetings  every  month,  and 
such  special  meetings  from  time  to  time  as  it  may  appoint  or  the  mayor 
may  call.  Said  meetings  shall  be  open  to,  the  public. 


158 

§  7  Said  commission  shall,  at  the  first  meeting  after  its  appoint- 
ment and  annually  thereafter,  elect  from  its  number  a  president,  who 
shall  preside  at  all  meetings  of  said  commission,  except  when  the  mayor 
shall  be  present.  It  shall  also  appoint  from  its  number  a  clerk,  who 
shall  keep  a  record  in  a  book  for  that  purpose  of  all  votes  and  acts  and 
transactions  of  said  commission,  and  shall  perform  any  and  all  other 
duties  imposed  upon  him  by  said  commission. 

§  8  Said  commission  shall  appoint  a  superintendent  of  said  manual 
training  school,  and  such  number  of  assistants  and  teachers  as  it  may 
decide  to  be  necessary  from  time  to  time,  and  it  shall  fix  their  salaries, 
prescribe  the  term  of  their  office,  and  their  duties  in  each  case. 

§  9  Said  commission  shall  have  charge  and  management  of  con- 
ducting said  manual  training  school  in  accordance  with  the  terms  and 
intent  of  said  trust,  and  shall  have  full  power  and  authority  to  act  for 
and  in  behalf  of  said  city  of  Ansonia  in  co-operating  and  advising  with 
said  trustee  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  procuring  of  a  site  for 
said  manual  training  school;  the  erection  of  a  building  or  buildings 
thereon,  and  the  furnishing  of  such  building  or  buildings  with  proper 
and  sufficient  equipment  for  the  proper  use  and  conduct  of  said  manual 
training  school;  and  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  be  subject  to  all  the 
general  duties  of  school  committees  and  school  visitors  in  this  state  so 
far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  act  and  so  far 
as  the  same  may  be  applicable  to  manual  training  schools.  It  shall 
make  its  own  by-laws,  define  the  duties  of  its  officers  and  committees 
and  prescribe  such  rules  and  regulations  for  discipline  in  said  manual 
training  school  as  are  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  this  state. 

§  10  At  all  meetings  of  said  commission  five  members  shall  con- 
stitute a  quorum  and  the  concurrence  of  five  votes  shall  be  necessary 
for  the  transaction  of  business. 

§  ii  Said  commission  shall,  annually  at  the  end  of  each  fiscal  year, 
transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of  its  proceedings  during  said  year, 
together  with  a  statement  showing  the  total  amount  of  money  received 
and  expended  for  conducting  and  maintaining  said  manual,  training 
school. 

§  52  Said  department  shall  be  under  the  control  of  nine  members, 
who  shall  be  known  as  the  board  of  education,  and  who  shall  be 
nominated  by  the  mayor  and  confirmed  by  the  board  of  aldermen  as 
provided  for  in  section  three  of  this  act. 

§  53  The  members  of  said  board  shall  receive  no  compensation  for 
their  services,  except  the  clerk  thereof,  who  shall  receive  such  com- 
pensation as  said  board  may  determine. 

§  54  Said  board  shall  hold  regular  meetings  every  month,  and 
such  special  meetings  from  time  to  time  as  it  may  appoint  or  the  mayor 
may  call. 

§  55  Said  board  shall,  at  its  first  meeting  after  its  appointment 
and  annually  thereafter,  elect  from  its  number  a  president,  who  shall 
preside  at  all  meetings  of  said  board,  except  when  the  mayor  shall  be 
present.  It  shall  also  appoint*  from  its  number  a  clerk,  who  shall  keep  a 


159 

record  in  a  book  for  that  purpose  of  all  votes,  acts  and  transactions  of 
said  board,  and  shall  perform  any  and  all  other  duties  imposed  upon 
him  by  said  board  or  by  the  provisions  of  this  act.  Said  board  shall 
elect  one  or  more  suitable  persons  truant  officers,  to  act  as  such  in 
enforcing  the  general  statutes  regarding  school  attendance. 

§  56  Said  board  of  education  shall  appoint  a  superintendent  of 
schools  and  such  number  of  assistants,  principals,  and  teachers  as  it 
may  decide  to  be  necessary  from  time  to  time,  and  it  shall  fix  their 
salaries,  prescribe  the  terms  of  their  office,  and  their  duties,  in  each 
case.  The  superintendent  and  teachers  and  other  persons  employed 
by  the  present  board  of  education  of  said  city  shall  retain  their  respec- 
tive positions  until  their  successors  shall  be  chosen  and  duly  qualified, 
and  the  rules  and  regulations  now  in  force  shall  remain  in  full  force 
until  repealed  or  otherwise  changed. 

§  57  Said  board  of  education  shall  have  the  entire  charge  and 
direction  of  all  the  public  schools  in  said  city  and  of  the  expenditure 
of  all  moneys  appropriated  for  the  support  of  the  same,  and  shall  keep 
all  the  school  buildings  and  apparatus  used  therein  in  good  condition 
and  repair,  and  shall  have  and  possess  all  the  powers  and  be  subject 
to  all  the  general  duties  of  boards  of  education,  school  committees,  and 
school  visitors  in  this  state,  so  far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with  the 
provisions  of  this  act.  It  shall  make  its  own  by-laws,  define  the  duties 
of  its  officers  and  committees,  and  prescribe  such  rules  and  regulations 
for  discipline  in  said  public  schools  as  are  not  inconsistent  with  the 
laws  of  this  state  or  this  act. 

§  58  Said  board  of  education  shall,  during  the  month  of  September 
in  each  year,  submit  to  the  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city  a  detailed 
estimate  of  the  expenses  for  the  support  of  said  schools  during  the 
ensuing  year  for  which  appropriation  shall  be  made,  specifying  so  far 
as  possible  the  items  of  such  expense. 

§  59  Said  board  of  education  shall,  annually,  at  the  end  of  each 
fiscal  year,  transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of  its  proceedings  during 
said  year,  together  with  a  statement  showing  the  total  amount  of  money 
received  and  expended  for  the  support  of  said  schools. 

§  60  Said  board  of  education  shall  monthly  send  to  the  city  clerk 
a  detailed  statement  of  the  expenses  incurred  during  the  preceding 
month,  and  thereupon  said  clerk  shall  draw  an  order  upon  the  city 
treasurer  to  pay  the  amount  of  such  expenses. 

LIBRARY 
Special  acts  of  1911  page  102 

Section  seventy-eight  of  an  act  revising  the  charter  of  the  city  of 
Ansonia,  approved  June  13,  1901,  as  amended  by  section  twenty- three 
of  an  act  amending  the  charter  of  said  city,  approved  June  13,  1905, 
is  hereby  amended  by  striking  out  all  of  said  section,  commencing  with 
the  words  "The  remaining"  in  line  fourteen,  and  ending  with  the 


i6o 

words  "  Caroline  Phelps  Stokes "  in  line  twenty,  and  inserting  in  lieu 
thereof  the  following :  "  The  remaining  three  of  said  directors  may 
be  non-residents,  and  shall  be  appointed  in  the  month  'of  December, 
1911,  and  in  the  month  of  December  triennially  thereafter,  by  Olivia 
E.  P.  Stokes  of  New  York  city  and  Anson  Phelps  Stokes,  Jr.,  of  New 
Haven,  and  by  the  survivor  of  them;  and  said  Olivia  E.  P.  Stokes  or 
Anson  Phelps  Stokes,  Jr.,  or  both,  may,  in  their  discretion,  act  as  such 
directors;  and  upon  the  death  of  said  survivor,  said  appointments  shall 
thereafter  be  made,  in  perpetuity,  by  the  president  or  acting  president  of 
Yale  University  of  New  Haven.  Said  three  directors  so  appointed 
shall  hold  office  for  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  January  next 
following  their  appointment,  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed; 
and  in  the  case  of  a  vacancy,  including  any  vacancy  in  the  group  of 
three  directors  originally  provided  to  be  appointed  under  the  provisions 
of  the  deed  of  gift  of  Caroline  Phelps  Stokes,  and  any  vacancy  arising 
by  failure  to  exercise  said  appointing  power  in  the  month  of  December, 
as  above  provided,  said  appointing  power  may,  at  any  time,  fill  the 
vacancy  for  the  unexpired  term.  Such  appointment  shall  be  in  writing, 
lodged  with  the  city  clerk  of  the  city  of  Ansonia  " ;  by  striking  out,  in 
lines  twenty-four,  twenty-five,  and  twenty-six,  of  said  section  the  words 
"  and  shall  approve  and  appoint  one  of  said  group  of  three  directors, 
which  latter  shall  be  selected  as  provided  by  said  deed  of  gift ",  by 
striking  out,  in  line  twenty-seven,  the  word  "  board  "  and  inserting  in 
lieu  thereof  the  words  "  group  of  six  directors  ",  and  by  striking  out  the 
figures  "  1905 "  in  line  twenty-one  and  inserting  in  lieu  thereof  the 
figures  "1911",  so  that  said  section  as  amended  shall  read  as  follows: 
There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  the  public  library,  which 
shall  be  under  the  management  and  control  of  a  board  of  nine  library 
directors,  who  shall  serve  without  pay.  Said  board  of  directors  shall 
have  charge  of  all  property  of  said  city  used  for  the  purposes  of  said 
library,  and  shall  direct  the  expenditures  of  all  money  placed  at  its 
disposal  by  the  city,  from  whatever  source  derived,  and  of  all  money 
and  property  which  may  be  donated  by  private  individuals  to  said 
library.  The  members  of  the  board  of  library  directors,  holding  office 
by  appointment  under  the  provisions  of  the  deed  of  gift  from  Caroline 
Phelps  Stokes,  wheri  this  act  takes  effect,  shall  continue  to  hold  their 
respective  offices  until  their  successors  are  appointed  in  accordance  with 
the  provisions  of  this  act.  Six  of  said  nine  directors  shall  be  electors 
of  said  city  and  shall  be  appointed  by  the  mayor  as  hereinafter  pro- 
vided. The  remaining  three  of  said  directors  may  be  non-residents,  and 
shall  be  appointed  in  the  month  of  December,  1911,  and  in  the  month 
of  December  triennially  thereafter,  by  Olivia  E.  P.  Stokes  of  New 
York  city,  and  Anson  Phelps  Stokes,  Jr.,  of  New  Haven,  and  by  the 
survivor  of  them,  and  said  Olivia  E.  P.  Stokes  or  Anson  Phelps  Stokes, 
Jr.,  or  both,  may,  in  their  discretion,  act  as  such  directors;  and  upon 
the  death  of  said  survivor,  said  appointments  shall  thereafter  be  made, 
in  perpetuity,  by  the  president  or  acting  president  of  Yale  University 
of  New  Haven.  Said  three  directors  so  appointed  shall  hold  office 


for  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  January  next  following  their 
appointment  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed;  and  in  the  case 
of  a  vacancy,  including  any  vacancy  in  the  group  of  three  directors 
originally  provided  to  be  appointed  under  the  provisions  of  the  deed 
of  gift  of  Caroline  Phelps  Stokes,  and  any  vacancy  arising  by  failure 
to  exercise  said  appointing  power  in  the  month  of  December,  as  above 
provided,  said  appointing  power  may,  at  any  time,  fill  the  vacancy  for 
the  unexpired  term.  Such  appointment  shall  be  in  writing,  lodged  with 
the  city  clerk  of  the  city  of  Ansonia.  In  the  month  of  December,  1911, 
and  annually  thereafter  in  the  month  of  December,  the  mayor  shall 
appoint  two  directors  to  hold  office  for  three  years  from  the  first  day 
of  January  next  following  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed  and 
confirmed  as  provided  for  in  section  nine  of  this  charter,  who  shall 
belong  to  said  group  of  six  directors.  The  mayor  shall  fill  any  vacancy 
in  said  group  of  six  directors  caused  by  death,  resignation,  removal, 
or  otherwise,  for  the  unexpired  term,  as  provided  for  in  section  nine 
of  this  charter. 

BRAN  FORD 

Special  acts  of  1919,  page  307 
An  act  creating  a  department  of  finance  in  the  town  of  Branford. 

BETHEL 

An  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  in  the  town  of  Bethel. 
Special  acts  of  1917,  page  813 

BRIDGEPORT 

LIBRARY 

Public  acts  of  1909  chapter  67 

§  i  Section  4639  of  the  general  statutes  is  hereby  amended  by 
adding  at  the  end  of  said  section  the  following :  "  In  the  city  of  Bridge- 
port the  present  directors  of  the  public  library  and  reading  room  shall 
hold  office  for  the  respective  terms  for  which  they  wfere  appointed  and 
until  their  successors  shall  be  appointed  and  qualified.  The  directors 
of  said  public  library  and  reading  room  shall  have  power,  by  a  ma- 
jority vote,  to  appoint  suitable  persons,  selected  with  reference  to 
their  fitness  for  said  office,  to  fill  all  vacancies  which  may  arise  in  their 
number  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  office,  or  any  other  cause. 
When  the  vacancy  arises  or  is  to  arise  from  expiration  of  term  of 
office,  the  appointment  shall  be  made  in  the  month  of  June  and  shall  be 
for  the  term  of  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  July  next  succeeding 
their  appointment ;"  when  the  vacancy  arises  from  any  cause  other  than 
the  expiration  of  the  term  of  office,  the  appointment  shall  be  for  the 
unexpired  term.  Every  director  appointed  shall  hold  his  office  until  his 
successor  is  appointed  and  qualified,  but  every  appointment  made  by 
11 


162 

the  directors  shall  be  with  the  approval  of  the  common  council  of  said 
city  of  Bridgeport.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  secretary  of  the  board 
of  directors  ta  give  written  notice  to  the  common  council  of  said  city 
of  such  appointments.  The  public  library  and  reading  room  of  said 
Bridgeport  shall  continue  to  be  known  as  the  Bridgeport  Public  Library 
and  Reading  Room,"  so  that  said  section  as  amended  shall  read  as 
follows :  When  any  city  council  shall  have  decided  to  establish  and 
maintain  a  public  library  and  reading  room  under  the  authority  granted 
by  section  4638,  the  mayor  of  such  city  shall,  with  the  approval  of 
said  council,  appoint  a  board  of  nine  directors  for  the  same,  chosen 
with  reference  to  their  fitness  for  such  office;  and  not  more  than  one 
member  of  the  city  council  shall  be  a  member  of  said  board.  In  the 
city  of  Bridgeport  the  present  directors  of  the  public  library  and  read- 
ing room  shall  hold  office  for  the  respective  terms  for  which  they  were 
appointed  and  until  their  successors  shall  be  appointed  and  qualified. 
The  directors  of  said  public  library  and  reading  room  shall  have  power, 
by  a  majority  vote,  to  appoint  suitable  persons,  selected  with  reference 
to  their  fitness  for  said  office,  to  fill  all  vacancies  which  may  arise  in 
their  number  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term  of  office,  or  any  other 
cause.  When  the  vacancy  arises  or  is  to  arise  from  expiration  of 
term  of  office,  the  appointment  shall  be  made  in  the  month  of  June 
and  shall  be  for  the  term  of  three  years  from  the  first  day  of  July 
next  succeeding  their  appointment;  when  the  vacancy  arises  from  any 
other  cause  than  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  office,  the  appointment 
shall  be  for  the  unexpired  term.  Every  director  appointed  shall  hold 
his  office  until  his  successor  is  appointed  and  qualified,  but  every 
appointment  made  by  the  directors  shall  be  with  the  approval  of  the 
common  council  of  said  city  of  Bridgeport.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of 
the  secretary  of  the  board  of  directors  to  give  written  notice  to  the 
common  council  af  said  city  of  such  appointments.  The  public  library 
and  reading  room  of  said  Bridgeport  shall  continue  to  be  known  as 
the  Bridgeport  Public  Library  and  Reading  Room. 


SCHOOLS 
Special  acts  of  1907  pages  495  500  and  527 

§  4  All  burdens  and  all  expenses  imposed  by  law  upon  the  town 
of  Bridgeport  for  the  support  of  schools  and  for  the  construction  and 
maintenance  of  schoolhouses  shall  hereafter  be  borne  by  said  city  and 
shall  be  defrayed  out  of  the  treasury  of  said  city  and  said  city  shall 
hereafter  perform  all  the  duties  and  have  and  exercise  all  the  rights, 
powers,  and  privileges  of  and  relative  to  said  purposes  and  matters 
by  law  conferred  upon  said  town,  and  all  laws  of  the  state  imposing 
such  duties,  burdens,  and  expenses,  and  conferring  such  rights,  powers, 
and  privileges  upon  said  towns,  are  hereby  amended  so  as  to  be  here- 
after applicable  to  and  operative  upon  said  city,  except  as  is  herein 
otherwise  provided. 


i63 

§  13  At  the  city  meeting  in  November,  1907,  and  annually  there- 
after, there  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  from  the  city  at  large  four  mem- 
bers of  the  board  of  education,  who  shall  be  officers  of  the  city,  and 
who  shall  hold  their  respective  offices  for  the  term  of  three  years  from 
the  Monday  next  succeeding  their  election. 

§  15  At  every  election  for  members  of  the  board  of  education,  a 
plurality  of  votes  shall  elect,  but  no  voter  shall  vote  for  more  than 
two  of  such  officers  to  be  elected.  In  case  at  any  such  election  there 
shall  fail  to  be  a  choice  of  any  such  officer,  then  such  meeting  shall 
stand  adjourned  to  the  next  following  Monday,  at  the  same  hour  of 
the  day  when  first  held,  and  the  election  of  such  officers  shall  be  pro- 
ceeded with  in  the  same  manner  and  determined  by  the  same  rule  as 
the  election  on  said  first  day.  Should  any  vacancy  occur  before  the 
expiration  of  the  term  of  office  of  any  member  of  said  board,  the  re- 
maining members  of  said  board  may  appoint  some  person  belonging 
to  the  same  political  party  to  fill  such  vacancy  for  the  remainder  of 
such  term. 

§  83  The  city  shall  continue  to  be  a  consolidated  school  district; 
and  it  shall  be  in  place  of  the  town  of  Bridgeport  in  all  duties,  powers, 
obligations,  and  other  matters  required  by  law  of-  or  by  the  town  in 
all  matters  concerning  education ;  and  it  shall  act  instead  of  the  town. 
All  the  powers,  obligations,  duties,  rights,  and  property  of  the  town, 
whether  as  a  town  or  as  a  consolidated  school  district,  shall  continue  to 
be  vested  in  and  belong  to  the  city. 

§  84  There  shall  continue  to  be  a  board  of  education  composed  of 
twelve  members  elected  as  herein  provided.  The  board  of  education 
shall  have  all  the  powers  now  or  hereafter  vested  in  and  shall  perform 
all  the  duties  now  or  hereafter  imposed  by  law  on  the  school  com- 
mittee and  selectmen  of  towns  relative  to  school  and  educational 
matters;  and  said  board  shall  have  the  superintendence,  manage- 
ment, and  control  of  all  matters  concerning  education,  schools,  and 
school  property,  and  the  power  of  fixing  or  changing  the  sites  of 
schoolhouses.  Said  board  shall  audit  and  approve,  semi-monthly,  all 
bills  for  the  ordinary  current  expenses  of  its  department,  and  report 
the  same  to  the  city  auditor,  who  shall  thereupon  certify  whether  or 
not  the  appropriation  is  sufficient  for  the  payment  thereof,  and  if 
sufficient  he  shall  so  certify  to  the  city  treasurer,  and  thereupon  the 
same  shall  become  due  and  payable.  The  president  and  secretary  of 
the  board  of  education  may  draw  upon  said  treasurer  in  favor  of 
the  persons  entitled  to  payment  thereof.  The  police  commissioners  shall 
assign  one  or  more  patrolmen  to  act  as  truant  officers  in  enforcing  the 
statutes  in  such  case  made  and  provided. 

§  85  The  board  of  apportionment  and  taxation  shall  appropriate 
a  sufficient  sum  annually  to  enable  the  board  of  education  to  supply 
the  public  schools  of  said  Bridgeport  below  the  high  school  grade  with 
free  text-books  and  supplies,  which  sum  shall  not  be  less  than  one 
and  one-quarter  dollars  per  pupil  in  average  daily  attendance  for  the 
school  year  ending  July  first  next  preceding,  according  to  the  records 


i64 

of  the  board  of  education  of  said  Bridgeport.  Nothing  in  this  reso- 
lution shall  be  construed  to  prevent  any  child,  parent,  or  guardian  from 
purchasing,  at  his  own  expense,  text-books  for  use  of  pupils  in  the 
public  schools,  which  text-books  shall  be  provided  at  cost  by  the  board 
of  education  of  Bridgeport. 

Authorizing  the  city  of  Bridgeport  to  issue  school  bonds 
Special  acts  1911,  page  427 

An  act  authorizing  the  city  of  Bridgeport  to  borrow  money  on  serial 

notes 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  955 

§  4  The  board  of  education  of  said  city  is  hereby  authorized  in 
legal  meeting  assembled,  by  vote  of  a  majority  of  all  the  members  of 
said  body,  to  borrow,  on  the  credit  of  said  city,  an  amount  not  exceed- 
ing two  hundred  thousand  dollars  for  school  buildings,  and  to  issue 
notes  therefor  in  the  name  of  the  city.  Such  money  shall  be  used  for 
the  erection  of  new  school  buildings,  as  said  board  of  education  may 
determine.  Said  notes  shall  be  so  made  and  issued  that  the  money  so 
borrowed  shall  be  paid  by  the  city  within  fifteen  years  from  the  date 
of  the  issue  of  the  first  note,  in  equal  annual  payments.  Said  notes 
shall  bear  interest  at  such  rate,  not  exceeding  four  and  one-half  per 
centum  per  annum,  payable  semi-annually,  as  may  be  determined  by 
said  board  of  education,  and  shall  be  signed  by  the  president  of  the 
board  of  education,  and  the  treasurer  and  auditor  of  the  city.  The 
provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  authorize  said  city  to  issue  more  than 
one  series  of  notes  for  school  buildings,  and  the  total  amount  thereof 
shall  not  exceed  two  hundred  thousand  dollars. 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Bridgeport 

BOARD     OF     APPORTIONMENT     AND     TAXATION 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  177 

Whenever  an  appropriation  is  made  by  said  board,  in  the  manner 
hereinbefore  provided,  for  the  construction  of  schoolhouses,  equipment 
of  schoolhouses,  and  purchase  of  land  for  school  purposes  or  for  the 
construction  of  bridges,  the  sums  so  appropriated  and  such  sums  as 
have  been  appropriated  for  either  of  said  purposes  and  not  expended 
shall  be  placed  to  credit  of  accounts  to  be  called  school  account  and 
bridge  account,  respectively,  and  may,  from  time  to  time,  be  expended 
for  the  purposes  for  which  such  appropriations  were  made,  except  when 
transferred  or  rescinded  as^  hereinafter  provided.  The  unexpended 
appropriations  for  the  construction  of  schoolhouses,  equipment  of 
schoolhouses,  purchase  of  land  for  school  purposes,  and  construction  of 
bridges  shall  not  be  covered  back  into  the  treasury  at  the  expiration  of 
the  fiscal  year,  but  shall  be  retained  to  the  credit  of  said  accounts  for 
said  purposes. 


An  act  authorizing  the  Purchase  of  Certain  Property  for  the 

Bridgeport  Trade  School 
Special  acts,   1915,  page  267 

Whenever  The  Bridgeport  Trade  Association,  a  corporation  organ- 
ized under  the  laws  of  this  state,  shall,  by  good  and  sufficient  bill 
of  sale,  convey  and  deliver  to  the  state  all  the  machinery,  fixtures,  and 
other  personal  property  owned  by  said  The  Bridgeport  Trade  Asso- 
ciation and  located  and  contained  in  the  premises  occupied  by  the  state 
trade  school  in  Bridgeport,  the  state  board  of  education  is  hereby 
authorized  to  pay  to  said  The  Bridgeport  Trade  Association,  out  of 
the  funds  provided  by  law  for  support  of  trade  schools,  the  sum  of 
five  thousand  dollars,  in  payment  for  said  machinery,  fixtures,  and 
property. 

An  act  authorizing  the  City  of  Bridgeport  to  Issue  Bonds  and  other 

Evidences  of  Indebtedness 

Special  acts  1917,  page  923 

CHATHAM 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Chatham  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts,  1913,  page  835 

DANBURY 
Special  acts  of   1905,  page   1070,  as  amended  by  special  acts   of   1907, 

page  249  as  amended  by  special  acts  1911,  pages  302-304. 
On  the  first  Tuesday  of  September  in  each  year  the  board  of  finance 
shall  hold  a  meeting,  and  at  said  meeting  the  town  school  committee 
shall  submit  estimates  of  the  moneys  necessary  to  be  appropriated  for 
the  maintenance  of  the  schools  of  said  town  of  Danbury  for  the  year 
next  ensuing,  beginning  the  fifteenth  day  of  September  in  each  year,  and 
shall  at  the  same  time  submit  to  said  board  of  finance  a  statement  of 
the  expenditures  of  said  town  school  committee  for  the  preceding 
year,  and  the  board  of  selectmen  at  said  meeting  shall  submit  esti- 
mates of  the  moneys  necessary  to  be  appropriated  for  all  other  expenses 
in  said  town  of  Danbury  for  the  year  next  ensuing,  beginning  the  fif- 
teenth day  of  September  in  each  year;  said  estimates  shall  be  pub- 
lished once  in  a  newspaper  published  in  said  town  of  Danbury,  at  least 
five  days  before  said  meeting.  Said  board  of  finance  may  adjourn  said 
meeting  from  time  to  time,  and  at  said  meeting,  or  any  adjournment 
thereof,  shall  make  appropriations  for  the  expenses  of  sa*id  town  of 
Danbury  as  aforesaid,  for  the  year  next  ensuing,  beginning  the  fifteenth 
day  of  September  in  each  year;  and  said  board,  at  its  discretion,  may 
make  appropriations  for  paying  off  any  part  of  the  debt  of  said  town, 
and  also  to  provide  a  fund  for  any  public  improvement,  and  shall 
classify  said  appropriations  under  proper  heads.  At  said  meeting  and 


i66 

at  all  adjournments  thereof  said  board  of  finance  shall  hear  all  parties 
who  may  desire  to  be  heard  relative  to  any  of  said  estimates.  Said 
appropriations  made  by  said  board  shall  be  filed  in  the  town  clerk's 
office  in  the  town  of  Danbury  on  or  before  the  last  Monday  of  Septem- 
ber next  ensuing,  and  shall  be  published  once  in  a  newspaper  published 
in  said  town,  on  or  before  said  last  Monday  of  September,  but  said 
appropriations  made  by  said  board  shall  be  submitted  by  the  board  of 
selectmen  to  the  annual  town  meeting  next  to  be  held  in  said  town  of 
Danbury,  or  to  a  special  town  meeting  to  be  called  by  the  selectmen 
during  the  month  of  October  in  any  year  when  there  shall  be  no  annual 
town  meeting.  Said  annual  or  special  town  meeting  as  aforesaid,  shall 
have  power  to  decrease  the  appropriations  or  any  item  thereof,  but  in 
no  case  shall  it  have  power  ta  increase  the  appropriations  or  any  item 
thereof.  The  appropriations  so  recommended  shall  be  the  appropria- 
tions of  the  town  of  Danbury  for  the  ensuing  year  beginning  September 
fifteenth  as  aforesaid,  unless  said  appropriations  be  decreased  by  said 
annual  or  .special  town  meeting  as  aforesaid,  in  which  case  the  action 
of  said  town  meeting  shall  be  final.  On  or  before  the  second  Saturday 
of  March  next  ensuing,  said  board  of  finance  shall  determine  the  tax 
rate,  which  shall  be  laid  on  the  grand  list  of  said  town  then  last  com- 
pleted, which  with  the  other  estimated  income  of  the  town  shall  be 
sufficient  to  meet  the  appropriations  of  the  town  for  the  year  beginning 
September  fifteenth  as  aforesaid,  and  may  fix  the  time  when  such  tax 
shall  become  due  and  payable.  Said  rate  of  taxation  fixed  by  said 
board  shall  be  filed  in  the  town  clerk's  office  in  the  town  of  Danbury 
on  or  before  said  second  Saturday  of  March,  and  shall  be  published, 
together  with  the  appropriations  made  by  ,said  board,  once  in  a  news- 
paper published  in  said  town,  on  or  before  said  second  Saturday  of 
March.  The  rate  of  taxation  so  determined,  shall  be  submitted  by 
the  board  of  selectmen,  to  a  special  town  meeting  which  shall  be  called 
by  the  selectmen,  and  shall  be  held  on  the  third  Saturday  of  March 
next  ensuing.  Said  special  town  meeting,  called  as  aforesaid,  shall 
have  power  to  decrease  the  rate  of  taxation  fixed  by  said  board  of 
finance,  but  in  no  case  shall  it  have  power  to  increase  the  rate  of  taxa- 
tion, or  to  decrease  the  rate  of  taxation  so  as  to  create  a  deficiency. 
The  rate  of  taxation  reported  by  said  board  shall  be  final  for  the 
ensuing  year  beginning  September  fifteenth  as  aforesaid,  unless  said  • 
rate  of  taxation  be  decreased  by  said  special  town  meeting,  in  which 
case  the  action  of  said  special  town  meeting  shall  be  final.  The  total 
amount  of  appropriations  for  any  one  year  shall  not  exceed  the  esti- 
mated income  for  that  year,  nor  shall  any  board  of  selectmen,  or  town 
school  committee  of  said  town,  nor  the  town,  in  any  special  meeting, 
vote  to  incur  any  liability  or  expense,  by  contract  or  otherwise,  for 
which  said  town  shall  be  responsible,  in  excess  of  the  appropriations 
estimated  by  said  board. 


i67 

LIBRARY 
Special  acts  1911,  page  434 

That  section  two  of  the  resolution  incorporating  a  public  library 
in  the  borough  of  Danbury,  approved  June  5,  1869,  is  hereby  amended 
by  striking  out  all  of  said  section  and  inserting  in  lieu  thereof  the 
following:  "Charles  H.  Merritt,  John  Tweedy,  Alfred  N.  Wildman, 
Howard  B.  Scott,  George  W.  Merritt,  Harry  C.  Meserve,  Charles  H. 
Merritt,  Jr.,  and  J.  Moss  Ives,  all  of  Danbury,  and  Granville  M.  White 
and  Edmund  Tweedy  of  New  York,  are  hereby  appointed  and  con- 
firmed as  trustees  of  said  Danbury  library;  and  in  a  case  of  a  vacancy 
hereafter  occurring  by  reason  of  the  death,  resignation,  or  removal  of 
any  of  said  trustees,  the  surviving  or  remaining  trustees  may  fill  such 
vacancy,  except  that  the  first  three  vacancies  occurring  shall  not  be 
filled,  so  that  the  board  of  trustees  shall  thereafter  consist  of  seven 
members  and  the  four  additional  members  hereinafter  provided  for. 
The  mayor  of  the  city  of  Danbury,  the  first  selectman  of  the  town  of 
Danbury,  the  superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of  Danbury,  and 
the  principal  of  the  state  normal  school  in  Danbury  shall,  at  all  times, 
be,  ex  officio,  members  of  said  board  of  trustees." 

,  X 

Special  acts  1911,  page  608 

That  the  town  of  Danbury  and  the  city  of  Danbury  are  hereby 
authorized  to  appropriate  money  for  the  support  and  maintenance  of 
the  Danbury  Public  Library. 

DARIEN 
Special  acts,  1911,  pages  109-112 

%  BOARD  OF  FINANCE 

An  act  authorizing  the  Town  of  Darien  to  Issue  School  Bonds 
Special  acts  1917,  page  796 

DERBY 

Special  acts  of  1909,  pages  998-1001;  sections  28-33 

Special  acts  of  1917,  page  911 

§  28  The  city  of  Derby  may  maintain  a  public  library  with  a 
reading  room  and  an  audience  room  connected  therewith,  with  such 
kindred  and  incidental  conveniences  as  it  may  deem  proper,  the  use 
of  which  under  proper  regulations  shall  be  free  to  its  inhabitants. 
There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  the  public  library  which 
shall  be  under  the  management  and  control  of  a  board  of  nine  library 
directors  who  shall  serve  without  pay.  No  person  shall  be  ineligible 
by  reason  of  sex  to  serve  on  said  board.  Said  board  of  directors 


1 68 

shall  have  charge  of  all  the  property  of  said  city  used  for  the  pur- 
poses of  said  library  and  shall  direct  the  expenditure  of  all  money 
placed  at  its  disposal  by  the  city  from  whatever  source  derived  and 
of  all  money  and  property  which  may  be  donated  by  private  individuals 
to  said  library.  The  members  of  the  board  of  library  directors,  hold- 
ing office  by  appointment  under  the  provisions  of  the  general  statutes, 
when  this  act  takes  effect,  shall  continue  to  hold  their  respective  offices 
until  their  successors  are  appointed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions 
of  this  act.  Six  of  said  nine  directors  shall  be  residents  of  said  city 
and  shall  be  appointed  by  the  mayor  as  hereinafter  provided.  The  re- 
maining three  of  said  directors  may  be  nonresidents  of  said  city  and 
shall  be  appointed  by  the  mayor  in  accordance  with  any  agreement 
therefor  which  shall  have  been  approved  by  the  mayor  and  board  of 
aldermen  of  said  city,  and  said  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen  are 
authorized  to  enter  into  any  such  agreement  with  reference  to  the 
appointment  of  said  three  directors,  and  for  such  length  of  time 
whether  determinable  or  in  perpetuity,  as  they  may  deem  advisable.  In 
the  absence  of  any  such  agreement  or  upon  the  expiration  of  same,  the 
mayor  shall  appoint  such  three  directors,  and  may  in  his  discretion 
appoint  residents  or  nonresidents  of  said  city.  The  present  board  of 
directors  shall  hold  their  offices  for  the  terms  to  which  they  have  been 
appointed  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed.  In  April,  1911,  and 
biennially  thereafter,  in  the  month  of  April,  the  mayor  shall  appoint 
three  directors  to  hold  office  for  six  years  from  the  first  Monday  of 
May  next  following  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed,  two  of 
whom  shall  belong  to  said  group  of  six  directors,  and  one  to  said 
group  of  three  directors.  The  mayor  shall  fill  any  vacancy  in  said 
board  caused  by  death,  resignation,  removal,  or  otherwise,  for  the 
unexpired  term.  « 

§  29  Said  board  of  directors  shall  make  and  enforce  such  by-laws,. 
rules,  and  regulations  as  it  may  deem  proper  for  the  management, 
protection,  and  preservation  of  the  property  of  said  library  and  the 
management  and  use  of  the  rooms  thereof,  and  shall  have  all  the  rights 
and  powers  and  be  liable  to  the  performance  of  all  the  duties  and  obli- 
gations belonging  by  statute  to  directors  of  public  libraries  in  cities  of 
this  state  and  not  inconsistent  with  this  act.  They  shall  have  power, 
with  the  consent  of  the  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen,  to  make  a  con- 
tract or  contracts  on  behalf  of  and  in  the  name  of  said  city  with  the 
Derby  Neck  Library  Association  for  the  use  and  occupation  of  any 
property  of  said  Derby  Neck  Library  Association  in  furtherance  of 
the  purpose  of  a  free  public  library.  Said  board  of  directors  may  also 
from  time  to  time  make  such  arrangements  with  reference  to  the  use 
of  books  with  the  free  public  library  of  Ansonia  and  the  free  public 
library  of  Shelton  as  may  be  agreed  upon  and  may  be  deemed  advisable 
in  furtherance  of  the  purposes  of  a  free  public  library;  but  no  such 
arrangement  involving  the  expenditure  of  additional  money  shall  be 
made  unless  the  same  is  approved  by  the  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen 
of  said  city  of  Derby.  Said  board  of  library  directors  shall  annually 


169 

report  in  writing  to  the  mayor  of  said  city  the  condition  of  said  library, 
the  circulation  of  books,  and  generally  the  operation  of  said  library 
for  the  preceding  year. 

§  30  Said  board  shall,  by  ballot,  biennially,  at  such  time  and  place 
as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  by-laws,  elect  one  of  its  number,  who 
shall  be  a  resident  of  said  city,  to  be  president,  who  shall  hold  office 
until  his  successor  is  elected ;  and  said  board  shall  elect  a  secretary, 
treasurer,  and  such  other  officers  as  it  may  deem  necessary,  all  of 
whom  shall  serve  without  pay,  and  shall  appoint  and  remove  such 
librarian  or  librarians  and  other  employees  as  it  may  deem  necessary 
for  the  proper  management  of  said  library  and  reading  room  and 
shall  fix  the  duties  and  compensation  of  such  librarian  and  employees. 
The  offices  of  secretary  and  treasurer  may  be  held  by  the  same  person. 

§  31  The  board  of  apportionment  and  taxation  of  the  city  of 
Derby  shall  annually  appropriate  a  sum  of  money  not  less  than  three 
thousand  dollars  for  the  care,  maintenance,  and  support  of  said  public 
library,  and  may  from  time  to  time  appropriate  in  addition  thereto 
sums  of  money  for  building  purposes,  repairs,  books,  or  improvements 
in  real  estate  and  fixtures,  not  exceeding  two  thousand  dollars  in  any 
five  years.  All  moneys  which  have  been  or  shall  be  appropriated  by 
said  city  for  library  purposes  shall  by  the  treasurer  of  said  city  be  paid 
over  to  the  treasurer  appointed  by  the  board  of  library  directors  on  the 
first  Monday  in  May  in  each  year.  No  payment  shall  be  made  by  said 
treasurer  appointed  by  said  board  of  library  directors  except  upon  bills 
or  orders  approved  in  such  manner  as  may  be  provided  in  the  by-laws, 
and  all  bills  and  vouchers  for  expenses  incurred  shall  be  kept  on  file 
as  may  be  provided  in  the  by-laws  and  shall  be  subject  to  inspection 
by  the  mayor,  the  city  treasurer,  the  corporation  council,  and  any  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  directors  of  said  library.  The  board  of  directors 
of  said  library  shall  not,  on  account  of  city  appropriations  or  as  charge- 
able thereto,  expend  any  money  in  excess  of  the  money  therefor  ap- 
propriated by  said  board  of  apportionment  and  taxation  for  the  use 
of  said  library,  except,  however,  that  any  funds  not  derived  from  such 
city  appropriation  may  be  expended  to  such  an  amount  and  for  such 
purposes  as  said  board  of  directors  shall  deem  that  the  interests  of 
said  library  may  require. 

§  32  Said  board  of  directors  may  make  rules,  under  such  con- 
ditions as  it  may  deem  best,  extending  all  the  privileges  of  said  library 
to  any  or  all  of  the  following  classes  of  persons,  vis :  First,  to  nonresi-. 
dents  attending  school  within  the  limits  of  the  city  of  Derby;  second, 
to  nonresidents  doing  business  in  said  city  of  Derby  who  pay  taxes 
therein;  third,  to  all  nonresidents  on  the  payment  of  such  sums  as  may 
be  fixed  by  the  board  of  directors.  The  audience  room  and  any  other 
available  room  of  said  library  may  be  used  for  all  such  scientific, 
literary,  and  other  educational  purposes,  lectures,  and  meetings  as  may 
be  approved  by  the  directors,  and  for  such  other  purposes  and  meetings 
as  the  directors  may  deem  to  be- expedient,  and  for  the  use  of  said 
rooms  said  directors  may  charge  such  reasonable  price  as  they  shall 


170 

deem  proper,  except  that  when  said  room  shall  be  used  far  scientific, 
literary,  historical,  or  other  educational  lectures,  any  charges  therefor 
shall  be  at  the  discretion  of  said  directors,  but  shall  in  no  case  exceed 
the  reasonable  expense  attendant  upon  such  use.  Any  fees  received  for 
the  use  of  said  rooms  as  aforesaid  shall  be  applied  to  the  general  pur- 
poses of  said  library.  The  mayor  and  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city 
are  authorized  and  empowered  in  the  name  and  in  behalf  of  said  city  to 
accept  any  real  estate  which  may  be  donated  to  said  city  for  any  of  the 
purposes  mentioned  in  this  act  under  such  terms,  conditions,  agree- 
ments, and  stipulations  with  reference  thereto  and  the  management 
thereof  and  the  name  of  said  library  as  they  may  deem  to  be  to  the  ad- 
vantage of  said  city  and  not  inconsistent  with  this  act.  All  money, 
books,  and  other  personal  property  donated  to  said  city  for  library 
purposes,  or  to  said  library,  may  be  accepted  by  said  board  of  direc- 
tors under  such  conditions,  restrictions,  and  stipulations  as  they  shall 
deem  advantageous  to  said  library  and  said  city. 

§  33  The  board  of  sinking  fund  commissioners  of  said  city  shall 
be  a  board  of  trustees  of  any  permanent  fund  or  any  trust  for  said 
public  library,  and  shall  receive,  hold,  manage,  invest,  and  re-invest, 
in  the  manner  provided  by  law  with  reference  to  the  investment  of 
trust  funds  in  this  state,  any  money  or  other  property  which  by  devise, 
bequest,  or  donation  shall  be  given  for  the  establishment  of  any  per- 
manent fund,  or  in  trust  for  the  benefit  of  said  public  library.  Such 
fund  shall  be  kept  as  a  separate  fund,  and  said  commissioners  shall 
annually  report  in  writing  the  condition  of  such  fund,  its  disposition, 
and  the  manner  of  its  investment,  to  the  mayor  of  said  city.  The  in- 
come of  said  fund  shall  semi-annually  be  turned  over  to  said  board 
of  directors  for  the  use  of  said  library,  or  as  specified  in  the  terms  of 
any  devise,  bequest,  or  donation.  Should  any  income  of  said  fund 
not  be  expended  in  any  one  year,  such  unexpended  income  shall  be 
subject  at  any  time  to  the  order  of  said  board  of  directors.  Any  and 
all  absolute  donations  of  money  or  other  personal  property,  whether 
by  gift,  bequest,  or  devise,  shall  be  held,  managed,  and  used  as  said 
board  of  directors  may  deem  expedient.  The  board  of  apportionment 
and  taxation  shall  annually  appropriate  a  sum  of  money  not  less  than 
five  hundred  dollars  toward  defraying  the  expenses  of  the  Derby  Neck 
Library  Association. 

Special  acts  of  1909,  pages   1009-1011;   sections  51-56 

§  51  Said  city  shall  be  a  consolidated  school  district,  and  shall 
be  substituted  for  and  take  the  place  of  the  town  of  Derby  in  all  meet- 
ings, matters,  duties,  powers,  obligations,  and  proceedings  required  by 
law  of  or  by  the  town  of  Derby  in  all  matters  concerning  education, 
and  shall  act  instead  of  said  town;  and  all  the  powers,  obligations, 
duties,  rights,  and  property  of  the  several  school  districts  and  said 
town  shall,  with  reference  to  education,  be  vested  in  and  belong  to 
said  city,  which  shall  be  and  act  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  such 
consolidated  school  district. 


§  52  There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  board  of  education,  consisting 
of  seven  electors.  One  member  of  said  board,  to  be  known  as  the 
chairman  of  the  board  of  education,  shall  be  elected  upon  the  general 
ticket  with  the  mayor,  and  two  members  of  said  board  shall  be  elected 
from  each  ward.  The  chairman  of  said  board  shall  hold  office  for  two 
years  from  the  first  Monday  of  January  succeeding  his  election  and 
until  his  successor  is  duly  elected  and  qualified.  Each  political  party  in 
each  ward  shall  nominate  and  place  upon  its  ticket  half  as  many  candi- 
dates for  the  office  of  member  of  the  board  of  education  as  there  shall 
be  members  of  said  board  to  be  elected  in  such  ward.  The  secretary 
of  the  meeting  of  each  political  party  nominating  candidates  for  alder- 
men shall  file  in  the  office  of  the  city  clerk  a  list,  by  him  attested  and 
signed,  of  the  members  of  the  board  of  education  from  such  ward 
nominated  by  said  party,  at  least  thirty-six  hours  before  the  opening  of 
the  polls  on  election  day.  Any  number  of  voters  associated  together 
and  nominating  candidates  for  members  of  the  board  of  education  in 
any  ward,  either  directly  or  through  a  convention  to  which  delegates 
shall  be  chosen,  shall  be  a  political  party  within  the  meaning  of  this 
act;  but  nothing  contained  herein  shall  be  construed  so  as  to  prevent 
any  voter  from  inserting  in  the  place  provided  by  law,  the  name  of 
any  person  not  nominated  for  such  office. 

§  53  The  two  members  of  said  board  elected  from  the  second  and 
third  wards  at  the  city  election  held  on  the  Tuesday  after  the  first 
Monday  of  November,  1912,  shall  be  elected  for  four  years,  and  quad- 
rennially thereafter  two  members  of  said  board  shall  be  elected  from 
each  of  said  wards  for  the  term  of  four  years.  The  two  members  of 
said  board  elected  from  the  first  ward  at  the  city  election  held  on  the 
Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  of  November,  1914,  shall  be  elected 
for  four  years,  and  two  members  of  said  board  shall  be  elected  from 
said  first  ward  quadrennially  thereafter  for  the  term  of  four  years. 

§  54  Vacancies  in  said  board  shall  be  filled  by  the  remaining  mem- 
bers of  said  board  of  the  political  party  in  which  the  vacancy  occurs 
until  the  same  shall  be  filled  by  the  voters  of  the  ward  in  which  such 
vacancy  occurs,  and  in  case  it  is  filled  by  the  voters  of  said  ward  it 
shall  only  be  for  the  unexpired  term.  Vacancies  shall  be  filled  from 
the  same  political  party  and  from  the  same  ward  in  which  the  vacancy 
exists.  Said  board  of  education  shall  have  all  the  powers  now  or 
hereafter  vested  in  and  shall  perform  all  the  duties  now  or  hereafter 
imposed  by  law  on  town  school  committees,  selectmen,  and  boards 
of  school  visitors,  relative  to  schools  and  educational  matters,  and 
such  board  shall  have  the  superintendence  management  and  control 
of  all  matters  concerning  education,  schools,  and  school  property  in 
said  city. 

§  55  The  police  commissioner  of  said  city  shall  assign  one  or  more 
policemen  to  act  as  truant  officers  in  enforcing  the  statutes  of  this  state 
in  such  cases  provided.  Said  board  of  education  shall  audit  and  ap- 
prove all  bills  for  the  ordinary  current  expenses  of  its  department, 
and  the  said  clerk  shall  thereupon  certify  whether  or  not  the  appro- 


1 72 

priation  is  sufficient  for  the  payment  thereof,  and,  if  sufficient,  he 
shall  draw  his  order  for  the  same  upon  the  city  treasurer  in  favor  of 
the  persons  entitled  to  payment  thereof.  Said  board  of  education  shall 
submit  to  the  mayor,  on  or  before  the  first  Monday  of  October  in 
each  year,  an  estimate  of  the  amount  required  for  the  support  and 
maintenance  of  the  public  schools  of  said  city  for  the  ensuing  fiscal 
year. 

§  56  All  the  property  of  the  town  of  Derby,  the  borough  of  Bir- 
mingham, and  the  several  school  districts  of  said  town,  and  all  rights 
of  action  and  all  securities  of  said  municipalities  and  liens  therefor, 
including  liens  for  taxes  or  assessments  due  the  town  of  Derby,  the 
borough  of  Birmingham,  and  the  several  school  districts  in  said  town 
are  hereby  transferred  to  and  vested  in  said  city  of  Derby,  and  the 
city  of  Derby  is  hereby  made  liable  for  all  the  debts,  dues,  bonds,  and 
obligations  of  every  kind  and  nature  of  the  town  of  Derby,  the  bor- 
ough of  Birmingham,  and  the  several  school  districts  of  said  town  that 
are  now  due  or  may  hereafter  become  due,  and  shall  execute,  abide 
by,  and  perform  all  the  duties  and  obligations  and  have  and  exercise 
all  the  rights  of  said  town  of  Derby,  borough  of  Birmingham,  and 
the  several  school  districts  of  said  town,  and  any  creditor  or  person 
whomsoever  having  any  claim  or  right  of  action  arising  out  of  any 
contract  or  obligation,  or  otherwise,  against  said  town,  said  borough, 
or  said  school  districts  may  enforce  the  same  against  said  city  of 
Derby  in  the  same  manner  a.s  if  said  claim,  right,  or  obligation  had 
originally  accrued  against  said  city  of  Derby. 

EAST  HARTFORD 
An  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  in  the  town  of  East  Hartford 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  855 

EAST  HAVEN 

An  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  and  increasing  the  powers  of  the 

board  of  selectmen  of  the  town  of  East  Haven 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  99 

GREENWICH 

An   act  amending  an  act  changing  the   form   of  government   for   the 
town  of  Greenwich 

Special  acts,  1911,  page  264 

Creates  a  board  of  estimate  and  taxation  and  prescribes  the  duties 
of  the  board  of  school  visitors  and  high  school  committee,  sections  5, 
6,  7,  8,  10,  12,  16. 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Greenwich  to  issue  bonds  for  school 

improvements 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  782 


173 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Greenwich  to  issue  bonds  for  refund- 
ing school  debts 

Special  acts,   1913,  page  800 

GROTON 

Authorizing  the  fifth   school  district  of  the  town   of  Groton  to  issue 

bonds 

Special    acts    1911,    page    286 

GUILFORD 

An  act  creating  a  board  of  estimate  and  apportionment  in  the  town  of 

Guilford 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  1098 

An  act  amending  an  act  creating  a  board  of  estimate  and  apportionment 
for  the  town  of  Guilford 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  334 

HAMDEN 

An  act  amending  an  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  in  the  town  of 
Hamden  and  increasing  the  powers  of  the  selectmen 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  1010 
Special  acts,  1917,  page  768 

HARTFORD 

Amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Hartford  by  providing  for  a 
juvenile  commission 

Special  acts  1909,  page  636 

§  i  There  shall  be  in  the  city  of  Hartford  a  commission  on 
juvenile  affairs  which  shall  consist  of  six  citizens  resident  in  said  city. 

§  2  The  necessary  expenses  of  said  commission,  not  exceeding  such 
amount  as  the  court  of  common  council  of  said  city  shall  appropriate 
for  such  purpose,  shall  be  paid  by  said  city,  but  no  member  of  said 
commission  shall  receive  any  compensation  for  his  services. 

§  3  In  April,  1909,  the  mayor  of  said  city  shall  appoint  the  mem- 
bers of  said  commission,  two  for  the  term  of  three  years,  two  for  the 
term  of  two  years,  and  two  for  the  term  of  one  year  from  and  after 
May  i,  1909,  and  the  mayor  shall  appoint  two  members  in  the  month 
of  April  of  each  year  thereafter  for  the  term  of  three  years  from  the 
first  day  of  May  next  thereafter.  All  appointments  to  said  commission 
shall  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  court  of  common  council  of 


174 

said  city.    The  members  of  said  commission  shall  hold  office  until  their 
respective  successors  are  appointed  and  qualified. 

§  4  Said  commission  shall  have  power  to  investigate  and  inquire 
into  all  questions  relating  to  the  welfare  of  the  children  of  the  city, 
to  collect  and  compile  statistics  or  other  information  relating  to  child 
life  within  the  city,  and  to  recommend  legislation  in  the  interests  of 
children.  Said  commission  shall  make  an  annual  report  to  the  court 
of  common  council  containing  a  summary  of  its  investigations  and 
recommendations. 

Concerning  an  expression  by  the  voters  of  the  town  and  city  of  Hart- 
ford of  their  choice  between  a  resolution  establishing  a  board  of 
education  for  the  City  of  Hartford  and  a  resolution  concerning 
equalization  of-  school  district  taxes  within  the  City  of  Hartford. 

Special  acts  1911,  page  609  et  seq 

§  i  That  the  proper  authorities  of  the  town  and  city  of  Hartford 
are  hereby  instructed  and  directed  to  insert  in  the  calls  for  the  annual 
meeting  of  said  town  and  city  to  be  holden  at  Hartford  in  April,  1912, 
notice  that  at  said  meeting  two  resolutions,  substitute  for  Senate  Joint 
Resolution  No.  30,  establishing  a  board  of  education  for  the  city  of 
Hartford,  and  substitute  for  Senate  Joint  Resolution  No.  168,  amend- 
ing the  charter  of  the  city  of  Hartford  concerning  taxation  for  school 
purposes,  copies  of  which  resolutions  are  hereto  annexed  and  made 
part  of  this  resolution,  will  be  presented  to  the  voters,  to  determine 
the  choice  of  the  electors  of  said  town  and  city,  including  among  such 
electors  women  who  are  authorized  to  vote  for  the  choice  of  school 
officers  within  said  town  and  city,  between  such  resolutions  as  appli- 
cable to  the  school  districts  of  said  city  and  to  said  city. 

§  2  The  proper  authorities  of  said  town  and  city  are  hereby  di- 
rected to  cause  proper  ballot  boxes  and  printed  ballots  to  be  provided 
at  said  meeting  for  the  use  of  the  electors  of  said  town  and  city,  in- 
cluding women  as  aforesaid,  in  voting  as  to  which  of  said  two  resolu- 
tions they  and  each  of  them  favor. 

§  3  Said  Ballots  shall  read,  respectively,  "  Consolidation "  and 
"  Equilization."  Ballots  bearing  the  word  "  Consolidation,"  cast  in 
said  ballot  boxes,  shall  be  taken  as  cast  and  shall  be  counted  by  the 
proper  officers  in  favor  of  said  substitute  for  Senate  Joint  Resolution 
No.  30;  ballots  bearing  the  word  "Equalization,"  cast  in  said  ballot 
boxes,  shall  be  taken  as  cast  and  shall  be  counted  by  the  proper  officers 
in  favor  of  said  substitute  for  Senate  Joint  Resolution  No.  168. 

§  4  No  elector  or  woman  qualified  to  vote  at  said  meeting,  as 
aforesaid,  shall  cast  or  be  permitted  to  cast  more  than  one  ballot,  at 
said  meeting,  as  to  the  matter  hereby  submitted  to  such  voters  for  an 
expression  of  their  opinion. 

§  5  Unless  at  least  fifty  per  centum  of  the  registered  voters  of 
said  town  and  city  cast  their  ballots,  at  said  meeting  of  said  town  and 
city,  in  pursuance  of  the  authority  and  direction  of  this  resolution, 
the  result  of  such  vote  shall  not  be  regarded  as  a  final  expression  of 


175 

the  opinion  of  the  voters  of  said  town  and  city  on  the  questions  hereby 
submitted. 

Substitute  for  joint  resolution  No.  30 

§  i  That  on  July  first  of  the  year  following  the  acceptance  of  this 
resolution  by  vote  at  a  city  meeting  duly  called  to  consider  and  act 
thereon,  the  property  and  assets  of  all  the  school  districts  having  local 
limits  within  the  city  of  Hartford  shall  pass  to  and  be  vested  in  said 
city,  and  on  said  date  said  city  shall  assume  the  payment  of  all  indebt- 
edness, of  every  name  and  nature,  of  such  districts.  On  and  after  said 
July  first  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Hartford  then  in 
office  shall  become  and  be  constituted  a  board  of  education  of  said  city 
of  Hartford,  and  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  perform  all  the  duties 
of  district  committees  of  school  districts  within  said  town  and  city,  of 
the  high  school  committee  of  the  town  of  Hartford,  and  of  the  board 
of  school  visitors  of  said  town,  until  the  election  and  qualification  of 
a  board  of  education  as  hereinafter  set  forth. 

§  2  No  power  of  school  districts  or  any  officer  thereof,  nor  of 
members  of  the  board  of  school  visitors,  nor  of  members  of  the  high 
school  committee,  except  such  as  are  reserved  or  given  by  this  resolu- 
tion, shall  be  exercised  by  them  after  said  July  first,  but  every  school 
district  within  the  city  of  Hartford  then  existing  may  preserve  its 
organization  and  necessary  powers  for  the  purpose  of  closing  an'd 
settling  up  its  affairs.  Nothing  herein  shall  be  construed  as  barring 
the  collection  of  school  district  taxes  due  on  said  July  first. 

§  3  Immediately  after  said  July  first  said  board  of  school  visitors 
then  in  office  shall  organize  as  a  board  of  education  of  the  city  of 
Hartford,  shall  elect  a  chairman  from  their  own  number,  and  shall 
appoint  a  secretary,  which  chairman  and  secretary  shall,  respectively, 
perform  the  duties  and  exercise  the  powers  now  pertaining  to  the 
offices  of  chairman  and  secretary  of  boards  of  school  visitors.  Said 
board  shall  appoint  one  or  more  acting  visitors,  or  a  superintendent, 
to  exercise,  under  its  direction,  supervision  over  the  schools.  It  shall 
have  the  care  and  management  of  lands,  buildings,  and  other  apparatus 
used  for  school  purposes ;  it  shall  determine  the  number  and  qualifica- 
tions of  the  scholars  to  be  admitted  into  each  school;  it  shall  employ 
a  requisite  number  of  qualified  teachers;  it  shall  designate  the  schools 
which  shall  be  attended  by  the  various  children  resident  within  the  city 
of  Hartford,  and  shall  make  such  provisions  as  will  enable  every  child 
of  school  age  residing  in  the  city  who  is  of  proper  mental  and  physical 
condition,  to  attend  some  public  school  for  the  period  required  by  law; 
it  may  provide  for  transportation  of  children  whenever  such  trans- 
portation may  seem  fit  and  desirable ;  it  may  arrange,  if  it  sees  fit,  with 
the  school  committee  or  board  of  education  of  any  adjoining  town  for 
the  instruction  therein  of  such  children  as  can  attend  school  in  such 
adjoining  town  more  conveniently;  and  it  shall  perform  all  lawful  acts 
necessary  to  carry  into  effect  the  powers  granted  and  duties  imposed 
by  this  resolution. 


176 

§  4  The  court  of  common  council  of  the  city  of  Hartford  may,  by 
ordinance,  fix  the  compensation,  if  any,  of  the  members  of  such  board 
of  education,  but  the  secretary  of  said  board  shall  receive  an  annual 
salary  of  at  least  the  sum  of  three  thousand  dollars.  He  shall  be  the 
business  executive  of  said  board.  Said  board  of  education  may  employ, 
from  time  to  time,  such  agents  and  employees  as  it  may  deem  neces- 
sary, and  may  fix  their  duties  and  the  compensation  to  be  paid  to  them 
by  the  city  of  Hartford.  In  no  case  shall  said  board  employ  any  per- 
son to  perform  any  duty  in  connection  with  the  schools  under  contract 
for  a  longer  period  than  one  year,  except  as  superintendent  of  schools, 
who  in  no  case  shall  be  appointed  for  a  term  of  office  exceeding  four 
years,  and  except  for  construction  or  repair  of  school  property. 

§  5  The  board  of  school  visitors  shall  pass  out  of  office  as  a  board 
of  education  on  July  first  of  the  year  following  their  organization  as  a 
board  of  education,  and  at  the  annual"  town  and  city  meeting  held  on 
the  first  day  of  April  of  said  year  there  shall  be  elected  nine  persons 
residents  of  the  city  of  Hartford,  to  serve  as  a  board  of  education  for 
said  city,  and  who  shall,  on  the  first  day  of  July  next  following  their 
election,  and  until  their  respective  successors  are  chosen  and  qualified, 
constitute  a  board  of  education  for  the  city  of  Hartford,  with  the 
powers  and  duties  hereinbefore  specified.  Said  board  of  education 
shall  be  nominated  and  elected  in  classes,  three  members  to  hold  office 
for  one  year,  three  members  for  two  years,  and  three  members  for 
three. years,  from  the  first  day  of  July  next  following  their  election  and 
until  their  respective  successors  are  elected  and  qualified,  and  no  per- 
son shall  vote  for  more  than  two  members  of  each  class.  Said  mem- 
bers so  elected  shall  constitute  a  board  of  education  for  the  city  of 
Hartford,  with  the  powers  and  duties  hereinbefore  specified.  At  each 
annual  town  and  city  meeting  thereafter  there  shall  be  nominated  and 
elected  three  members  of  said  board  of  education  to  hold  office  for 
three  years  from  the  first  day  of  July  next  following  their  election, 
and  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two  of  such  members. 
Substitute  for  senate  joint  resolution  No.  168 

§  i  That  section  five  of  a  resolution  amending  the  charter  of  the 
city  of  Hartford  creating  a  board  of  finance,  approved  April  5,  1905, 
being  section  eighty-five  of  the  compiled  charter  of  the  city  of  Hart- 
ford, is  hereby  amended  so  that  the  fourth  sentence  thereof  shall  read 
as  follows:  In  the  preparation  of  said  estimates,  said  board  shall  give 
notice  to  each  board  and  department  and  to  the  chairman  of  each  school 
district  committee  of  a  definite  time  when  and  place  where  it  will  meet 
to  consider  the  needs  of  such  board,  department,  or  school  district; 
and  said  board  of  finance  shall  recommend  such  tax  upon  the  polls 
and  ratable  estates  within  the  limits  of  said  city  as  it  shall  deem 
necessary  to  meet  such  expenses. 

§  2  Each  school  district  committee  of  the  city  of  Hartford  shall 
annually  submit  to  the  board  of  finance  of  said  city,  in  such  form  and 
at  such  time  as  said  board  shall  require,  its  report  showing  the  detailed 


177 

expenses  of  the  district  for  its  fiscal  year  last  past,  and,  on  or  before 
February  first  in  each  year,  shall  submit  to  said  board  of  finance  a 
detailed  statement  of  the  estimated  expenses  of  the  district  for  the 
next  ensuing  fiscal  year. 

§  3  For  the  first  year  of  the  operation  of  this  amendment,  said 
board  of  finance  shall  recommend  to  the  court  of  common  council  the 
levy  of  a  tax  of  five  mills  upon  the  city's  grand  list,  and  the  appro- 
priation of  the  proceeds  thereof  for  the  purposes  of  school  maintenance 
in  the  various  districts,  and  said  board  of  finance  shall  apportion  to 
each  district  such  proportion  of  the  proceeds  of  said  tax  as  the  total 
number  of  pupils  registered  in  each  district  during  the  fall  term  imme- 
diately preceding  February  first  bears  to  the  total  number  of  pupils 
registered  in  all  the  school  districts  during  said  fall  term. 

§  4  For  the  second  year  of  the  operation  of  this  amendment  and 
for  the  year  succeeding,  said  board  of  finance,  after  consultation  with 
the  several  school  district  committees  of  said  city,  shall  annually 
recommend  to  the  court  of  common  council  of  said  city  the  levy  and 
appropriation  for  the  purposes  of  the  several  school  districts  of  such 
tax  as  it  may  deem  necessary  for  the  maintenance  of  the  schools  in 
said  districts,  said  tax  to  be  levied  upon  the  city's  grand  list  and  appor- 
tioned to  the  several  districts  in  accordance  with  the  method  prescribed 
in  section  three  of  this  resolution. 

§  5  For  the  purposes  of  the  distribution  to  the  school  districts  of 
the  tax  on  the  shares  of  stock  of  certain  corporations,  as  provided  by 
section  2333  of  the  general  statutes,  the  district  rate  in  all  the  school 
districts  shall  be  the  rate  determined  under  the  provisions  of  this 
resolution,  and  the  amount  of  such  tax  shall  be  distributed  to  said 
school  districts  in  accordance  with  the  number  of  registered  pupils  as 
hereinbefore  provided. 

§  6  This  resolution,  unless  amended  or  repealed  by  the  general 
assembly,  shall  remain  in  force  for  not  less  than  five  years  from  July 
fifteenth  of  the  year  in  which  it  is  put  in  operation,  and  no  vote  for 
the  consolidation  of  school  districts  in  said  city  shall  be  taken  during 
said  period  of  five  years. 

§  7  An  act  concerning  school  taxes  in  the  city  of  Hartford,  ap- 
proved May  19,  1905,  being  sections  eighty-seven,  eighty-eight,  eighty- 
nine,  and  ninety  of  the  compiled  charter  of  said  city,  is  hereby 
repealed. 

Authorizing  the  West  middle  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts  1911,  page  107 

Authorizing    the    West    middle    school    district    of    Hartford    to    issue 
refunding  bonds 

Special  acts  1911,  page  107 

An  act  concerning  the  equalization  of  school  district  taxes  within  the 
city  of  Hartford 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  703 

12 


178 

§  i  Section  five  of  a  resolution  amending  the  charter  of  the  city 
of  Hartford  creating  a  board  of  finance,  approved  April  5,  1905, 
being  section  eighty-five  of  the  compiled  charter  of  the  city  of  Hart- 
ford, is  hereby  amended  so  that  the  fourth  sentence  thereof  shall  read 
as  follows:  In  the  preparation  of  said  estimates,  said  board  shall  give 
notice  to  each  board  and  department  and  to  the  chairmen  of  each 
school  district  committee  of  a  definite  time  when  and  place  where  it 
will  meet  to  consider  the  needs  of  such  board,  department,  or  school 
district;  and  said  board  of  finance  shall  recommend  such  tax  upon 
the  polls  and  ratable  estates  within  the  limits  of  said  city  as  it  shall 
deem  necessary  to  meet  such  expenses. 

§  2  Each  school  district  committee  of  the  city  of  Hartford  shall 
annually  submit  to  the  board  of  finance  of  said  city,  in  such 
form  and  at  such  time  as  said  board  shall  require,  its  report  showing 
the  detailed  expenses  of  the  district  for  its  fiscal  year  last  past,  and, 
on  or  before  February  first  in  each  year,  shall  submit  to  said  board 
of  finance  a  detailed  statement  of  the  estimated  expenses  of  the  district 
for  the  next  ensuing  fiscal  year. 

§  3  For  the  first  year  of  the  operation  of  this  act  said  board 
of  finance  shall  recommend  to  the  court  of  common  council  the  levy 
of  a  tax  of  five  mills  upon  the  city's  grand  list,  and  the  appropriation 
of  the  proceeds  thereof  for  the  purposes  of  school  maintenance  in  the 
various  districts,  and  said  board  of  finance  shall  apportion  to  each 
district  such  proportion  of  the  proceeds  of  said  tax  as  the  total  number 
of  pupils  registered  in  each  district  during  the  fall  term  immediately 
preceding  February  first  bears  to  the  total  number  of  pupils  registered 
in  all  the  school  districts  during  said  fall  term. 

§  4  For  the  second  year  of  the  operation  of  this  amendment  and 
for  the  years  succeeding,  said  board  of  finance,  after  consultation 
with  the  several  school  district  committees  of  said  city,  shall  annually 
recommend  to  the  court  of  common  council  .of  said  city  the  levy  and 
appropriation  for  the  purposes  of  the  several  school  districts  of  such 
tax  as  it  may  deem  necessary  for  the  maintenance  of  the  schools  in 
said  districts  said  tax  to  be  levied  upon  the  city's  grand  list  and  appor- 
tioned to  the  several  districts  in  accordance  with  the  method  prescribed 
in  section  three  of  this  act. 

§  5  For  the  purposes  of  the  distribution  to  the  school  districts  of 
the  tax  on  the  shares  of  stock  of  certain  corporations,  as  provided  by 
section  2333  of  the  general  statutes,  the  district  rate  in  all  the  school 
districts  shall  be  the  rate  determined  under  the  provisions  of  this  act, 
and  the  amount  of  such  tax  shall  be  distributed  to  said  school  districts 
in  accordance  with  the  number  of  registered  pupils  as  hereinbefore 
provided. 

§  6  This  act  shall  remain  in  force  for  not  less  than  three  years 
from  April  i,  1913,  and  no  vote  for  consolidation  of  school  districts 
in  said  city  shall  be"  taken  at  the  annual  city  and  town  meetings  to 
be  held  in  said  city  on  the  first  Tuesdays  in  April,  1913,  1914,  and 
1915.  If  said  town  and  city  of  Hartford  shall  hereafter  vote  in  favor 


179 

of  consolidation  of  school  districts  within  its  limits,  said  consolidation 
shall  be  established  under  a  certain  plan  fully  described  and  set  forth 
in  a  resolution  approved  September  12,  1911,  a  sub-title  whereof  is 
"  Substitute  for  Senate  Joint  Resolution  No.  30,  Resolution  establish- 
ing a  Board  of  Education  for  the  City  of  Hartford."  If  at  annual 
city  or  town  meetings  of  Hartford  to  be  holden  on  the  first  Tuesday 
of  April,  1916,  or  subsequent  years,  a  majority  of  the  voters  at  said 
meetings  shall  vote  in  favor  of  consolidation  of  school  districts,  then 
consolidation  shall  be  put  into  effect  on  the  first  day  of  July  following 
such  vote  under  the  provisions  of  said  substitute  for  senate  joint 
resolution  No.  30,  entitled  "  Resolution  establishing  a  Board  of  Educa- 
tion for  the  City  of  Hartford."  Such  resolution,  in  case  of  such  vote 
by  the  city  or  town  meeting  in  favor  of  consolidation  shall  become  an 
amendment  forthwith  to  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Hartford. 

§  7  An  act  concerning  school  taxes  in  the  city  of  Hartford,  ap- 
proved May  19,  1905,  being  sections  eighty-seven,  eighty-eight,  eighty- 
nine,  and  ninety  of  the  compiled  charter  of  said  city,  is  hereby 
repealed. 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Hartford 
Special  acts,  1913,  page  793 

§  i  Nothing  contained  in  the  resolution  amending  the  charter  of 
the  city  of  Hartford  approved  July  9,  1895,  or  in  any  other  resolution 
or  act  affecting  the  power  of  the  city  of  Hartford  to  lay  or  levy  a 
tax  upon  certain  land  or  property  within  its  limits  shall  prevent  said 
city  from  laying  or  levying  a  tax  in  excess  of  six  mills  on  a  dollar  of 
its  grand  list,  provided  the  proceeds  of  such  excess  taxes  above  said  six 
mills  levied  upon  property  described  in  section  fifteen  of  the  resolu- 
tion consolidating  the  governments  of  the  city  and  town  of  Hartford, 
approved  July  9,  1895,  shall  be  expended  or  distributed  by  said  city 
toward  or  for  the  support  of  public  schools  located  within  the  limits 
of  the  city  of  Hartford. 

§  2  All  proceedings  at  law  for  collecting  within  the  town  and 
city  of  Hartford  a  personal  tax  laid  under  chapter  260  of  the^public 
acts  of  1909  as  amended  by  chapter  295  of  the  public  acts  of  1911,  may 
be  brought  to  the  city  police  court  established  and  holden  within  and 
for  said  city. 

An  act  concerning  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  Hartford 
Special  acts,  1913,  page  845 

§  i  The  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Hartford  may 
institute  and  operate  at  the  expense  of  the  city,  vacation,  invalid,  and 
other  schools  in  and  for  said  city,  provided  said  board  of  school  visitors 
shall  not  expend  for  such  purposes  any  sum  or  sums  in  excess  of  the 
appropriations  therefor  made  annually  by  the  court  of  common  council. 

§  2     Said  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Hartford  shall 


i8o 

comply  in  all  respects  with  the  charter  and  ordinances  of  the  city  of 
Hartford  in  reference  to  its  printing,  its  purchases,  and  its  contracts. 
The  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Hartford  is  hereby  de- 
clared to  constitute  a  department  of  the  city  of  Hartford,  within  the 
scope  of  a  resolution  amending  a  resolution  establishing  a  board  of 
contract  and  supply  in  the  city  of  Hartford,  approved  July  18,  1905. 

High  school  bond  issue 
Special  acts,   1913,  page  810 

An  act  concerning  the  rate  of  interest  on  bonds  of  the  second  north 
school  district  of  the  town  of  Hartford 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  802 

The  bonds  or  other  obligations  which  may  be  issued  by  the  second 
north  school  district  of  the  town  of  Hartford  under  authority  of  a 
resolution  authorizing  the  second  north  school  district  of  the  town  of 
Hartford  to  issue  bonds,  approved  March  18,  1903,  may  bear  interest 
at  a  rate  not  greater  than  four  and  one-half  per  centum  per  annum, 
payable  semi-annually. 

An  act  authorizing  the  northeast  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue 

bonds 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  836 

An  act  changing  the  territorial  limits  of  the  northwest  school  district 
of  the  town  of  Hartford 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  1126 

§  i  On  and  after  July  15,  1915,  the  territorial  limits  of  the  north- 
west school  district  of  the  town  of  Hartford  shall  not  include  any  land 
or  property  lying  in  the  town  of  Bloomfield. 

§  2  For  a  period  of  two  years  from  July  15,  1913,  the  town  of 
Bloomfield  shall  pay  to  the  northwest  school  district  of  the  town  of 
Hartford  annually,  the  sum  of  twenty-five  dollars  per  capita  for  all 
persons  within  school  age  living  in  the  town  of  Bloomfield  and  within 
the  present  limits  of  the  northwest  school  district,  in  full  payment  of 
all  legal  obligations  of  the  town  of  Bloomfield  to  the  support  of  the 
schools  of  the  town  of  Hartford. 

§  3  '  After  July  15,  1915,  the  town  of  Bloomfield  shall  provide 
educational  facilities  for  all  that  portion  of  said  town  at  present  in- 
cluded within  the  territorial  limits  of  the  northwest  school  district  of 
the  town  of  Hartford  and  excluded  from  said  district  by  this  act  in 
the  same  manner  as  said  town  of  Bloomfield  now  provides  educational 
facilities  for  the  remainder  of  said  town. 

§  4  All  property  of  said  northwest  school  district  lying  within  the 
limits  of  the  town  of  Hartford  shall,  after  July  15,  1915,  belong  to  said 


northwest  school  district,  and  said  district  shall  assume  and  bear  all 
obligations  incurred  by  said  district. 

§  5     This  act  shall  take  effect  July  15,  1913. 

An  act  authorizing  the  southwest  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue 

bonds 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  833 

v 

An  act  concerning  the  consolidation  of  school  districts  in  the 
city  of  Hartford 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  603 

If,  at  the  annual  city  or  town  meeting  of  the  city  or  town  of  Hart- 
ford to  be  held  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  April,  1916,  or  any  subsequent 
year,  the  voters  thereof  shall  vote  on  the  question  of  consolidating  the 
school  districts  therein  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  section  six  of  an 
act  concerning  the  equalization  of  school  district  taxes  wthin  the  city 
of  Hartford,  approved  April  3,  1913,  no  such  proposal  shall  be  subse- 
quently submitted  to  said  electors  within  a  period  of  five  years  from 
the  date  of  such  vote. 

An  act  changing  the  name  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  city 
of  Hartford  to  the  board  of  education  of  the  city  of  Hartford 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  7 

The  name  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  city  of  Hartford 
is  hereby  changed  to  the  board  of  education  of  the  city  of  Hartford. 

An  act  authorizing  the  northwest  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue 

bonds 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  28 

An  act  annexing  a  part  of  the  territory  of  the  southwest  school  district, 
in    Hartford,    to    the    Hartford    south    school    district 

Special  acts,  1915,  page   139 

So  much  of  the  territory  belonging  to  the  Southwest  school  district, 
in  Hartford,  as  lies  west  of  Franklin  avenue  and  east  of  Goodwin 
park,  and  east  of  a  line  parallel  with  the  east  line  of  Maple  avenue 
and  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  distant  therefrom,  is  hereby  separated 
from  said  Southwest  school  district  and  made  a  part  of  the  Hartford 
South  school  district,  in  said  Hartford. 

An  act  authorizing  the  first  school  district  of  the  city  of  Hartford  to 

issue  bonds 
Special  acts,  1915,  page  215 


182 

An  act  changing  the  title  of  the  presiding  officer  of  the  board  of 
education  of  the  city  of  Hartford 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  327 

The  title  of  the  chairman  of  the  board  of  education  of  the  city  of 
Hartford  is  hereby  changed  to  the  president  of  the  board  of  education 
of  the  city  of  Hartford. 

An   act   authorizing  the   Washington   school   district   of   the  town  of 
Hartford  to  issue  bonds 

Special  acts  1917,  page  960 

An  act  authorizing  the  first  school  district  of  the  town  of  Hartford 
to  issue  bonds 

Special  acts  of  1917,  page  1052 

An  act  authorizing  the  Arsenal  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue 

bonds 

Special  acts,  1917,  page  1054 
Special  acts  1919,  page  181 

An  act  authorizing  the  first  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts  1919,  page  220 

An  act  authorizing  the  Northeast  school  district  of  Hartford  to  issue 

bonds 

HUNTINGTON 

Creating  a  department  of  finance  in  the  town  of  Huntington 
Special  acts  1911,  pages  265-268 

An  act  amending  an  act  creating  a  department  of  finance  in  the  town 

of  Huntington 

Special  acts  of  1913,  page  1201 

An  act  incorporating  the  city  of  Shelton 
Special  acts,   1915,  page  657 

§  27  The  city  of  Shelton  may  maintain  a  public  library  with  a 
reading  room  and  such  incidental  conveniences  as  may  be  proper,  the 
use  of  which,  under  proper  regulations,  shall  be  free.  There  shall  be 
in  said  city  a  department  of  the  public  library  which  shall  be  under  the 
management  and  control  of  a  board  of  six  library  directors,  who  shall 
serve  without  pay,  and  not  more  than  three  members  shall  be  of  the 
same  political  party.  No  person  shall  be  ineligible  by  reason  of  sex  to 


serve  on  said  board.  Said  board  of  directors  shall  have  charge  of  all 
the  property  of  said  city  used  for  the  purposes  of  said  library  and  shall 
direct  the  expenditure  of  all  money  placed  at  its  disposal  by  the  city 
and  all  money  and  property  which  may  be  donated  to  said  library. 
The  members  of  the  board  of  library  directors  holding  office  under  the 
provisions  of  the  general  statutes,  when  this  act  takes  effect,  shall  con- 
tinvie  to  hold  their  respective  offices  until  their  successors  are  elected  in 
accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  act.  At  the  city  election  held 
on  the  Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  of  November,  1916,  there  shall 
be  elected  six  library  directors,  two  of  whom  shall  be  elected  for  two 
years,  two  for  four  years,  and  two  for  six  years,  from  the  first  Monday 
of  January  next  succeding,  and  biennially  thereafter  two  library 
directors  shall  be  elected  for  the  term  of  six  years.  The  board  of 
library  directors  shall  hold  their  offices  for  the  terms  for  which  they 
are  elected,  and  until  their  successors  are  duly  elected  and  qualified. 
All  vacancies  in  said  board  shall  be  filled  for  the  unexpired  term  from 
the  political  party  in  which  the  vacancy  occurs,  by  the  remaining  mem- 
bers of  said  board. 

Special  acts,  1915,  pages  666  and  667 

§  49  Said  city  shall  be  a  consolidated  school  district,  and  shall 
be  substituted  for  and  take  the  place  of  the  town  of  Huntington  in 
all  meetings,  duties,  powers,  obligations,  and  proceedings  required  by 
law  of  or  by  the  town  of  Huntington  in  all  matters  concerning  educa- 
tion, and  shall  act  instead  of  said  town;  and  all  the  powers,  obligations, 
duties,  rights,  and  property  of  the  several  school  districts  and  said  town 
shall,  with  reference  to  education,  be  vested  in  and  belong  to  said  city, 
which  shall  be  to  all  intents  and  purposes  such  consolidated  school  dis- 
trict. 

§  50  There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  board  of  education  consisting 
of  eight  electors  who  shall  be  elected  upon  the  general  ticket  with  the 
mayor,  and  not  more  than  four  members  shall  be  of  the  same  political 
party.  At  the  city  election  held  on  the  Tuesday  after  the  first 
Monday  of  November,  1916,  there  shall  be  elected  eight  members  of 
said  board  of  education,  four  of  whom  shall  be  elected  for  two  years 
and  four  for  four  years,  from  the  first  Monday  of  January  next  suc- 
ceeding, and  biennially  thereafter  four  members  of  the  board  of  educa- 
tion shall  be  elected  for  the  term  of  four  years.  The  members  of  the 
board  of  education  shall  hold  their  offices  until  their  successors  are 
elected  and  qualified. 

§  51  Vacancies  in  said  board  shall  be  filled  by  the  remaining 
members  of  said  board  of  the  political  party  in  which  the  vacancy 
occurs  until  the  same  shall  be  filled  by  the  voters  of  the  ward  in  which 
such  vacancy  occurs,  and  in  case  it  is  filled  by  the  voters  of  said  ward 
it  shall  only  be  for  the  unexpired  term.  Vacancies  shall  be  filled  from 
the  same  political  party  in  which  the  vacancy  exists.  Said  board  of 
education  shall  have  all  the  powers  vested  in  and  shall  perform  all  the 


184 

duties  imposed  by  law  on  town  school  committees,  selectmen,  and 
boards  of  school  visitors,  relative  to  schools  and  educational  matters, 
and  said  board  shall  have  the  superintendence,  management,  and  con- 
trol of  all  matters  concerning  education,  schools,  and  school  property  in 
said  city. 

§  52  The  police  commissioner  of  said  city  shall  assign  one  or  more 
policemen  to  act  as  truant  officers.  Said  board  of  education  shall 
audit  and  approve  all  bills  for  the  current  expenses  of  its  department, 
and  said  clerk  shall  thereupon  certify  whether  or  not  the  appropria- 
tion is  sufficient  for  the  payment  thereof,  and,  if  sufficient,  he  shall 
draw  his  order  for  the  same  upon  the  city  treasurer  in  favor  of  the 
persons  entitled  to  payment  thereof.  Said  board  of  education  shall 
submit  to  the  mayor,  on  or  before  the  first  Monday  of  April  in  each 
year,  an  estimate  of  the  amount  required  for  the  support  and  main- 
tenance of  the  public  schools  of  said  city  for  the  ensuing  fiscal  year. 

§  53  All  the  property  of  the  town  of  Huntington,  the  borough  of 
Shelton,  and  the  several  school  districts  of  said  town,  and  all  rights 
of  action  and  all  securities  of  said  municipalities  and  liens  therefor, 
including  liens  for  taxes  or  assessments  due  the  town  of  Huntington, 
the  borough  of  Shelton,  and  the  several  school  districts  in  said  town, 
are  hereby  transferred  to  and  vested  in  said  city  of  Shelton,  and  the 
city  of  Shelton  is  hereby  made  liable  for  all  the  debts,  dues,  bonds,  and 
obligations  of  the  town  of  Huntington,  the  borough  of  Shelton,  and  the 
several  school  districts  of  said  town  that  are  now  due  or  may  hereafter 
become  due,  and  shall  execute,  abide  by,  and  perform  all  the  duties 
and  obligations  and  have  and  exercise  all  the  rights  of  said  town  of 
Huntington,  borough  of  Shelton,  and  the  several  school  districts  of  said 
town,  but  the  debts  and  obligations  of  the  borough  of  Shelton  shall  be  a 
charge  upon  the  property  lying  within  the  second  taxing  district,  and 
upon  said  property  only. 

MANCHESTER 

Special  acts  of  1895,  page  408 

Special  acts  of  1907,  page  291 

Special  acts  of  1913,  page  1123 
Special  acts  of  1915,  page      75 

§  i  The  territory  and  inhabitants  within  the  limits  of  the  ninth 
school  district  of  Manchester  bounded  by  a  line  commencing  at  a  point 
in  the  center  line  of  middle  turnpike  opposite  the  dividing  line  between 
the  lands  of  R.  O.  Cheney  and  E.  C.  Hilliard,  thence  running  southerly 
to  a  point  where  said  line  intersects  the  north  line  of  the  land  of  E. 
L.  G.  Hohenthal,  thence  west  on  said  north  line  about  four  hundred 
and  five  feet  to  the  northwest  corner  of  said  land,  thence  south  on 
the  west  line  of  said  Hohenthal's  land  about  six  hundred  and  fifty  feet 
to  the  intersection  with  the  center  line  of  Olcott  street,  thence  westerly 


185 

on  the  center  line  of  Olcott  street  to  the  east  line  of  the  land  of  the 
Charles  Case  property  at  a  point  five  hundred  and  twenty-six  feet 
easterly  of  the  center  line  of  McKee  street,  thence  south  on  the  east 
line  of  said  Case  property  to  the  center  line  of  Center  street,  thence 
west  on  the  center  line  of  Center  street  to  the  center  line  of  McKee 
street,  thence  .south  on  the  center  line  of  McKee  street  to  Hartford 
road,  thence  south  on  the  line  of  the  old  highway  now  discontinued  to 
the  dividing  line  between  land  formerly  of  Edna  McKee  and  land  of 
Cheney  Brothers,  thence  easterly  in  a  straight  line  to  the  south  end 
of  the  bridge  south  of  the  house  of  the  late  George  Gould  on  South 
Main  street,  thence  south  along  the  center  of  the  highway  to  the  divid- 
ing line  between  land  formerly  of  Richard  Joslyn  and  land  formerly 
of  Abel  Lewis,  thence  easterly  in  a  straight  line  to  a  point  where  the 
west,  line  of  the  third  district  crosses  Wyllis  brook  on  Gardner 
street,  thence  north  on  Gardner  street  in  a  straight  line  to  Highland 
street,  thence  east  about  fifty-two  feet  to  the  center  line  of  Autumn 
street,  thence  north  on  the  center  line  of  Autumn  street  to  the  divid- 
ing line  between  land  of  C.  W.  Cowles  and  land  of  H.  G.  and 
R.  Cheney,  thence  west  on  said  line  to  the  west  line  of  the  old 
cemetery,  thence  north  on  said  line  to  the  center  of  East  Center 
street,  thence  easterly  on  the  center  line  of  East  Center  street  to  the 
east  line  of  the  property  of  Martha  Durkins  and  Mary  Digney,  thence 
north  on  said  line  to  Middle  turnpike,  thence  westerly  along  Middle 
turnpike  to  the  point  of  beginning;  are  hereby  made  a  body  politic 
and  corporate  by  the  name  of  the  Ninth  school  district  of  Manchester, 
and  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  privileges  of  school  districts  under 
the  laws  of  this  state. 

§  2  The  first  meeting  of  said  district  shall  i>e  held  in  June,  1895, 
and  shall  be  called  by  the  present  district  committee.  At  said  meeting 
shall  be  elected  by  ballot  a  committee  consisting  of  fiv£  persons  whose 
terms  of  office  shall  begin  July  fifteenth,  1895.  One  of  this  number 
shall  be  elected  to  hold  office  until  the  next  annual  meetirtg,  two  until 
the  second  annual  meeting,  and  the  remaining  two  until  the  third 
annual  meeting  thereafter.  At  each  annual  meeting  of  said  district, 
which  shall  be  held  in  June,  so  many  members  of  said  committee  shall 
be  elected  by  ballot  to  hold  office  for  three  years  as,  together  with 
those  previously  elected  to  hold  office  beyond  said  annual  meeting, 
will  make  the  whole  number  five;  and  all  members  of  said  committee 
shall  be  residents  of  said  district.  In  case  of  vacancy  caused  by 
resignation,  death,  or  removal  from  the  district,  the  remaining  members 
of  the  committee  shall  fill  the  vacancy  until  the  next  annual  meeting 
of  said  district,  when  a  member  shall  be  elected  for  the  unexpired  term. 
The  district  committee,  or  a  majority  thereof,  shall  give  notice  of  all 
meetings  of  said  district,  and  mav  call  a  special  meeting  thereof  at 
any  time,  and  shall  call  one  on  the^w^ritten  request  of  twenty  legal 
voters  of  the  district.  (  ^ 

§  3  Said  committee  shall  examine,  employ,  and  dismiss  teachers, 
shall  determine  the  number  and  qualifications  of  the  scholars  to  be 


i86 

admitted  into  each  school,  provided  that  all  children  of  school  age 
within  said  district  shall  be  admitted  to  some  one  of  the  schools  main- 
tained by  said  district,  may  prescribe  the  course  of  study  to  be  followed 
in  the  schools,  and  shall  exercise  all  the  powers  and  perform  all  the 
duties  of  district  committees  and  school  visitors.  The  authority  of 
the  school  visitors  of  the  town  in  which  said  district  is  situated  shall 
extend  only  to  the  remaining  portion  of  said  town. 

§  4  In  the  town  of  Manchester,  in  each  year,  before  the  third 
Tuesday  of  June,  the  school  visitors  shall  elect  three  of  their  number, 
and  the  committee  chosen  under  the  provisions  of  this  resolution  shall 
also  elect  three  of  its  number,  and  the  board  of  selectmen  shall  elect 
three  of  its  members,  and  the  nine  persons  shall  be  the  joint  board  of 
the  town  of  Manchester  in  lieu  of  that  provided  for  in  section  2234 
of  the  general  statutes,  and  shall  have  the  rights  and  perform  the 
duties  of  said  joint  board  prescribed  in  sections  2234,  2236  and  2237 
of  the  general  statutes. 

Special  acts  of   1913,  pages   1124-1125 

§  2  Said  district  may  establish  public  day  and  evening  schools  for 
instruction  in  the  principles  and  practice  of  such  trades  and  useful 
occupations  as  may  be  designated  by  the  committee  of  said  district. 
Said  committee  shall  have  the  power  to  purchase  such  materials  as 
may  be  necessary  for  the  proper  conduct  of  said  schools  and  may 
dispose  of  the  products  of  said  schools  and  of  the  income  from  such 
products  either  for  prizes  to  the  pupils  for  proficiency  in  work  or  for 
maintenance  of  .said  schools. 

§  3  Said  district  may  equip  and  maintain  gymnasiums,  baths,  and 
recreation  grounds,  with  all  necessary  buildings  and  paraphernalia, 
for  the  use  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Manchester  as  the 
recreation  committee  may  designate,  and  is  authorized  to  raise  money 
by  taxation  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  this  act. 
Said  district  shall  have  all  the  rights  and  powers  for  the  acquirement 
of  land  for  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  which  it  has  for  the 
acquirement  of  land  for  school  purposes. 

§  4  Said  recreation  grounds,  gymnasiums,  and  baths  shall  be 
under  the  supervision  of  a  committee  of  five  residents  of  said  district 
who  shall  be  known  as  the  recreation  committee  of  the  ninth  school 
district.  Two  of  said  committee  shall  be  appointed  annually  by  the 
district  committee  from  its  members.  At  the  annual  meeting  of  said 
district  in  1913  said  district  shall  elect  one  member  of  said  committee 
to  hold  office  for  one  year  from  July  15,  1913,  one  member  to  hold 
office  for  two  years  from  said  date,  and  one  member  to  hold  office  for 
three  years  from  said  date.  At  each  annual  meeting  thereafter  said 
district  shall  elect  one  member  of  said  committee  who  shall  hold  office 
for  three  years  from  July  fifteenth  succeeding  his  election.  In  case 
of  a  vacancy  among  the  elected  members  of  said  recreation  committee 
the  remaining  members  of  said  committee  shall  elect  some  person  to 
fill  the  vacancy  until  the  next  annual  meeting.  In  case  of  a  vacancy 


i87 

among  the  members  appointed  by  the  school  committee  said  school 
committee  shall  appoint  some  person  for  the  balance  of  the  unexpired 
term.  The  recreation  committee  shall  have  charge  of  the  baths,  recrea- 
tion grounds,  and  gymnasiums  maintained  by  the  district,  and  shall 
make  rules  and  regulations  for  their  management,  use,  and  rental,  and 
may  employ  such  attendants  and  assistants  as  may  be  necessary  to 
properly  supervise  and  maintain  them., 

§  5  Whenever  said  district  shall  vote  to  purchase  land  for  any 
of  the  purposes  of  said  district,  or  to  purchase,  erect,  or  equip  any 
building  for  any  of  said  purposes,  or  to  enlarge  any  such  building, 
and  the  estimated  expense  thereof  is  more  than  ten  thousand  dollars, 
and  an  appropriation  is  made  for  the  purpose  of  meeting  such  expense, 
said  district  may,  at  a  meeting  duly  warned  for  that  purpose,  vote 
to  issue  bonds  of  said  district  to  defray  such  expenses,  provided  said 
district  shall  not  issue  bonds  exceeding  in  the  aggregate  of  all  issues 
five  per  centum  of  the  grand  list  of  said  district.  Said  meeting  shall 
fix  the  rate  of  interest  on  said  bonds,  the  time  and  place  of  payment 
of  principal  and  interest  thereon,  the  amount  and  kind  of  bonds,  the 
manner  in  which  they  shall  be  issued  and  sold,  and  the  person  or 
persons  by  whom  the  same  shall  be  signed  on  behalf  of  said  district. 
A  certain  part  of  said  bonds  shall  become  due  each  year.  Said  district 
shall  make  provision  for  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds. 
The  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  such  bonds  shall  be  paid  into  the  district 
treasury  and  no  portion  of  the  money  so  raised  shall  be  used  for  any 
purpose  other  than  that  for  which  said  bonds  were  issued.  Any 
balance  remaining  after  completing  such  payment  shall  be  used  only 
for  the  purchase  of  land  or  the  purchase  or  construction  of  buildings 
or  their  enlargement  or  equipment. 

An   act   concerning   the   Ninth   school   district   of   Manchester 
Special  acts,   1915,  page  3 

An  act  authorizing  the  Middletown  City  school  district  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts,  1913,  page  786 

An  act  concerning  reimbursement  by  the  state  of  high  school  tuition 
to  the  town  of  Middletown 

Public  acts,  1915,  chapter  327,  page  2194 

§  r  The  town  of  Middletown  shall  pay  the  whole  or  any  part  of 
the  tuition  fee  of  any  child  who  resides  with  his  parents  or  guardians  in 
that  part  of  said  town  of  Middletown  which  is  not  included  in  the  city 
district  of  said  town  and  who,  with  the  written  consent  of  the  school 
visitors,  attends  a  high  school,  provided  the  high  school  shall  be  ap- 
proved by  the  state  board  of  education.  Such  tuition  fee  shall  be  paid 
annually  by  the  town  treasurer  of  Middletown  upon  the  order  of  the 
chairman  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  said  town. 


i88 

§  2  The  town  of  Middletown  shall,  annually,  in  July,  receive  from 
the  treasurer  of  the  state  an  amount  equal  to  two-thirds  of  the  aggre- 
gate of  the  sums  which  have  been  paid  by  the  town  for  tuition  fees 
under  the  provisions  of  section  one  of  this  act,  provided  not  more  than 
thirty  dollars  shall  be  paid  by  the  state  for  each  scholar  so  attending 
from  said  part  of  the  town  of  Middletown. 

§  3  The  number  and  names  of  the  children  so  attending  high 
schools  and  the  high  schools  which  they  shall  attend,  shall,  on  or 
before  the  first  of  July  in  each  year,  be  certified  under  oath  by  the 
secretary  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Middletown  to 
the  state  board  of  education.  The  comptroller  shall,  on  application  of 
said  board,  draw  an  order  on  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  the  town  for  the 
amount  provided  for  in  section  two  of  this  act. 

An  act  authorizing  the  Middletown  City  school  district  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts,   1915,  page  80 

MONTVILLE 

An  act  incorporating  the  Palmer  memorial  association 
Special  acts,  1915,  page   11.3 

NAUGATUCK 
Special  acts  of  1895,  page  221 

§  6  All  burdens  and  all  expenses  imposed  by  law  upon  the  town  of 
Naugatuck,  for  the  support  of  schools,  shall  hereafter  be  borne  by 
said  borough;  and  said  borough  shall  hereafter  perform  all  the  duties, 
and  have  and  exercise  all  the  rights,  powers,  and  privileges  of  and 
relative  to  said  purposes  and  matters  by  law  conferred  upon  said  town; 
and  all  laws  of  the  state  imposing  such  duties,  burdens,  and  expenses, 
and  conferring  such  rights,  powers,  and  privileges  upon  said  town,  are 
hereby  amended,  so  as  to  be  hereafter  applicable  to,  and  operative  upon, 
said  borough,  except  as  is  herein  otherwise  provided. 

§  23  There  shall  be  in  said  borough  a  board  of  education,  consist- 
ing of  six  electors  of  said  borough.  Of  the  members  elected  at  the 
annual  elector's  meeting  of  said  borough  in  May,  1895,  two  shall  be 
elected  for  the  term  of  three  years,  two  for  the  term  of  two  years,  and 
two  for  the  term  of  one  year,  respectively,  and  at  said  election  in  May, 
1895,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  one  person  for  each  of  the 
respective  terms  last  above  named.  At  the  borough  election  held  on 
the  first  Monday  of  May,  1896,  and  annually  thereafter,  two  members 
of  said  board  of  education  shall  be  elected  for  the  term  of  three  years, 
but  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  one  member  of  said  board  at 
any  election  after  May,  1895,  except  for  persons  to  fill  vacancies. 
Vacancies  in  said  board  may  be  filled  by  the  remaining  members  of 
said  board  until  the  same  be  filled  by  the  voters  thereof,  but  only 
for  the  unexpired  term.  Said  board  of  education  shall  have  all  the 


powers  now  or  hereafter  vested  in,  and  shall  perform  all  the  duties 
now  or  hereafter  imposed  by  law  on  the  sqhool  visitors  of  the  several 
towns  in  this  state.  The  board  of  education  and  the  warden  and 
burgesses  of  said  borough  shall  meet  as  a  joint  board  on  the  second 
Tuesday  in  June  in  each  year,  and  prepare  a  statement  showing  the 
estimated  cost  of  each  and  all  the  public  schools  in  the  borough  for 
the  succeeding  school  year,  and  shall  immediately  thereafter  notify  the 
committees  of  the  respective  school  districts  of  the  several  amounts 
so  estimated;  and  said  board  of  education  shall  present,  at  the  annual 
borough  meeting, 'a  written  or  printed  statement  of  the  total  cost  of 
each  and  all  of  the  public  schools  in  said  borough  for  the  school  year 
next  preceding,  and  shall  present  an  estimate  of  the  cost  of  such  schools 
for  the  current  school  year,  at  a  meeting  of  the  freemen  of  the  borough 
held  in  July  in  each  year;  and  said  joint  board  shall  hereafter  do 
and  perform  all  other  acts  and  things  that  the  school  visitors  and  the 
selectmen  of  said  town  of  Naugatuck  have  heretofore  done  and  per- 
formed, and  as  may  be  hereafter  required  by  law  to  be  done  and 
performed,  in  the  several  towns  by  the  board  of  school  visitors  and 
selectmen. 

An  act  incorporating  the  Naugatuck  high  school  scholarship  fund 
Special  acts  of  1919,  page  147 

§  i  Harris  Whittemore,  William  T.  Rodenbach  and  Frank  W. 
Eaton,  all  of  the  borough  of  Naugatuck,  and  such  other  persons  as  they 
shall  associate  with  them,  and  their  successors,  are  constituted  a  body 
politic  and  corporate  by  the  name  of  The  Naugatuck  High  School 
Scholarship  Fund. 

§  2  Said  corporation  is  formed  for  the  purpose  of  receiving,  hold- 
ing and  managing  both  real  and  personal  property  and  of  providing 
from  the  income  thereof  cash  scholarships  for  graduates  of  the  Nauga- 
tuck high  school. 

§  3  Said  corporation  may  sue  and  be  sued  and  prosecute  and 
defend  suits  in  all  courts  in  this  state;  may  have  and  use  a  common 
seal  and  alter  the  same;  may  make  by-laws  for  the  management  of  its 
affairs,  and  elect  such  officers  as  its  by-laws  may ~ prescribe;  may  re- 
ceive, hold  and  possess  any  estate,  real  or  personal,  by  subscription, 
gift,  grant,  purchase,  bequest  or  devise,  either  in  trust  or  otherwise, 
and  may  grant,  alien,  sell,  invest  and  dispose  of  the  same  and  the 
income  thereof  for  the  purpose  herein  set  forth. 

§  4  Any  vacancy  which  may  occur  among  the  members  of  said 
corporation  shall  be  filled  by  the  remaining  members  at  a  meeting  of 
such  members,  reasonable  notice  of  which  shall  be  given. 

§  5  Said  corporation  and  all  property  and  funds  held  by  it  shall 
be  exempt  from  taxation. 

§  6  Said  corporation  shall  make  report  annually  to  the  board  of 
education  of  Naugatuck. 


190 

NEW  BRITAIN 

Special  acts  of  1905,  page  932 

Special  acts  of  1913.  page  1023 

Special  acts  of  1915,  pages  411  and  1028 

SCHOOLS 

§  36  Said  city  shall  be  a  consolidated  school  district  and  it  shall 
be  in  place  of  the  town  of  New  Britain  in  all  the  duties,  obligations, 
and  other  matters  required  by  law  of  or  by  the  town  concerning  edu- 
cation, and  it  shall  act  in  such  matters  instead  of  the  town.  All  the 
powers,  obligations,  rights,  and  property  of  the  town,  whether  as  a 
town  or  as  a  consolidated  school  district,  shall  be  vested  in  and  belong 
to  said  city. 

§  37  There  shall  be  a  school  committee  of  said  city,  with  all  the 
rights,  duties,  or  powers  concerning  schools  and  educational  matters 
now  or  hereafter  vested  in  committees  of  consolidated  school  districts 
and  selectmen  of  towns  by  the  laws  of  this  state.  Said  committee  shall 
serve  without  compensation,  except  as  hereinafter  provided,  and  the 
present  school  committee  of  the  consolidated  school  district  of  the 
town  of  New  Britain  shall  continue  to  be  the  committee  of  the  con- 
solidated school  district  of  the  city  of  New  Britain  until  the  successors 
of  the  present  members  of  said  committee  shall  be  elected  and  qualified 
as  herein  provided. 

§  38  Said  committee  may  fix  and  determine  the  compensation  to 
be  paid  to  its  officers. 

§  39  Said  committee  shall  audit  and  approve  monthly  all  bills  for 
all  current  expenses  of  their  department  and  report  the  same  to  the 
city  comptroller,  provided,  in  all  cases  whenever  a  discount  for  cash 
can  be  procured  from  the  price  of  any  goods  purchased,  the  finance 
committee  of  the  school  committee  shall  have  power  to  pay  any  such 
bill  in  order  to  take  advantage  of  the  discount  for  the  benefit  of  the 
school  district,  and  may  draw  an  order  upon  the  treasurer  therefor  in 
favor  of  the  person  entitled  to  payment  of  the  bill  discounted,  but  all 
such  bills  so  discounted  shall  be  afterwards  ratified  and  approved  by 
the  school  committee  at  the  next  regular  meeting  thereof.  The  city 
comptroller  shall  certify  to  the  city  treasurer  whether  or  not  the  appro- 
priation available  is  sufficient  for  the  payment  of  the  bills  audited  and 
approved,  and,  if  sufficient,  said  committee,  by  its  duly  authorized  of- 
ficial, shall  draw  upon  the  treasurer  in  favor  of  the  person  entitled  to 
the  payment  of  any  such  bill,  and  the  comptroller  shall  keep  a  list  of 
all  bills  approved  and  filed  with  said  committee. 

§  40  All  business  relative  to  the  schools  of  said  consolidated  school 
district  of  the  city  of  New  Britain  heretofore  transacted  in  town 
meetings  shall  hereafter  be  transacted  in  city  meetings. 

§  41  Said  committee  may  make,  change,  amend,  or  alter  any  rules, 
regulations,  or  by-laws  which  they  may  deem  necessary  relative  to  the 
manner  of  conducting  the  meetings  and  business  of  the  committee,  to 


the  conduct  and  government  of  schools,  and  to  the  duties,  terms  of 
office,  mode  of  election,  and  compensation  of  all  persons  employed 
by  said  committee  and  its  officers;  and  said  committee  may  at  any 
time  remove  any  officer  thereof  or  any  person  employed  by  them. 

§  42  Said  committee  shall  make  such  estimates  of  its  expenses  for 
each  year  and  keep  such  accounts  of  its  expenditures  as  shall  be 
prescribed  by  the  ordinances  of  said  city,  and  shall  make  a  report  of 
its  doings  annually  in  each  year  to  the  common  council  at  the  close 
of  each  school  year. 

§  43  Whenever  upon  estimates  of  the  board  of  finance  and  taxa- 
tion the  common  council  shall  make  an  appropriation  exceeding  five 
thousand  dollars  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  any  school  building,  or 
enlarging  any  existing  school  building,  or  buying  or  securing  land 
therefor  or  for  equipment  thereof,  said  common  council  may,  in  lieu 
of  voting  to  lay  a  tax  to  meet  said  appropriation,  refer  the  same  to  a 
city  meeting,  which  city  meeting,  if  warned  for  that  purpose,  may  vote 
to  issue  the  bonds  of  said  city  for  the  purpose  of  raising  money  to 
defray  the  expenses  thereof  instead  of  levying  a  tax  to  meet  the  same. 
Said  city  meeting  shall  fix  the  rate  of  interest  on  said  bonds,  the  time 
and  place  of  payment  of  principal  and  interest  thereon,  the  amount  and 
kind  of  bonds,  the  manner  in  which  they  shall  be  issued  and  sold,  and 
the  person  or  persons  empowered  to  sign  the  same  on  behalf  of  said 
city ;  and  may  provide  that  a  certain  part  of  said  bonds  may  become  due 
and  payable  in  each  year,  and  may  provide  a  sinking  fund  for  the  pay- 
ment of  such  bonds.  The  avails  of  such  bonds  shall  be  paid  into  the 
city  treasury  and  credited  to  said  school  committee  on  the  books  of  the 
treasurer  to  the  account  of  new  school  buildings  and  no  portion  of  the 
money  raised  by  the  sale  of  bonds  shall  be  used  for  any  purpose  or 
paid  out  of  the  treasury  except  for  obtaining  land  for  or  for  defraying 
the  expense  of  the  construction  or  enlargement  of  such  new  school 
buildings  and  for  furnishing  and  equipping  such  new  buildings  or 
extensions,  and  any  balance  remaining  after  payment  of  such  bills  shall 
be  available  only  for  the  purpose  of  the  construction  of  new  or  the 
extension  or  enlargement  of  existing  school  buildings  or  the  purchase 
of  land  for  school  buildings. 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  1028 

There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  commission  of  public  amusement,  ap- 
pointed by  the  mayor,  consisting  of  four  members,  each  of  whom  shall 
hold  office  for  a  term  of  three  years  and  until  his  successor  is  ap- 
pointed and  qualified.  Such  appointments  shall  be  so  made  that  not 
more  than  two  of  said  commissioners  shall  belong  to  the  same  political 
party.  On  or  before  the  first  day  of  August,  1911,  the  mayor  shall 
appoint  two  members  of  said  commission  to  hold  office  until  May  I, 
1912,  and  two  to  hold  office  until  May  i,  1915,  and  as  the  terms  of  said 
commissioners  expire,  reappointments  shall  be  made  on  or  before  the 
first  day  of  May  for  a  term  of  three  years  from  said  first  day  of  May. 
Said  commission  shall  serve  without  compensation.  Said  commission 


1 92 

shall  have  supervision  of  public  playgrounds  and  the  management  and 
expenditure  of  moneys  appropriated  or  received  by  said  city  for  the 
purpose  of  public  amusements.  Nothing  herein  shall  give  said  com- 
mission any  powers  over  public  parks  or  school  grounds  except  by 
consent,  from  time  to  time  obtained,  of  the  park  commissioners  or  the 
school  committee.  Said  city  may  appropriate  money  to  be  expended 
under  the  direction  of  said  commission  for  public  playgrounds  and 
amusements. 

Special  acts  of  1919,  page  218,  sec.   16 

Act   authorizing  the  city  of   New   Britain  to   issue  bonds 

Creating  a  board  of  finance  in  the  town  of  New  Canaan 

Special  acts  1911,  pages  160-163 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  New  Canaan  reading-room  and 
circulating  library  corporation  by  changing  its  name  to  New 
Canaan  library 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  243 

§  i  The  charter  of  the  New  Canaan  reading-room  and  circulating 
library  corporation,  approved  March  13,  1885,  is  hereby  amended  by 
changing  the  name  of  said  corporation  to  New  Canaan  library. 

§  2  This  act  shall  take  effect  without  acceptance  by  said  corpora- 
tion. 

NEW  HAVEN 

Special  acts  of  1899,  page  419 
Department  of  education 

§  104  There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  education,  which 
shall  have  the  care  and  management  of  all  the  affairs  of  the  New 
Haven  city  school  district.  After  this  act  takes  effect  no  meeting  of 
the  New  Haven  city  school  district  shall  be  held  for  any  purpose 
whatever. 

§  105  Said  department  shall  be  under  the  control  of  a  board  of 
education  of  seven  members  who  shall  serve  without  compensation. 
The  members  of  the  board  of  education  in  office  at  the  time  this  act 
takes  effect  shall  hold  their  respective  offices  during  the  terms  for  which 
they  were  appointed  unless  sooner  removed  for  cause  according  to  the 
provisions  of  this  act.  On*  or  before  the  first  day  of  September,  1899, 
the  mayor  shall  appoint  two  members  of  said  board  to  serve  four 
years  from  the  third  Monday  in  September  next  following;  on  or 
before  the  first  day  of  September,  1900,  the  mayor  shall  appoint  two 
members  of  said  board  to  serve  four  years  from  the  third  Monday  of 
September  next  following  on  or  before  the  first  .day  of  September,  1901, 
he  shall  appoint  two  members  of  said  board  to  serve  for  four  years 
from  the  third  Monday  of  September  next  following;  and  on  or  before 
the  first  day  of  September,  1902,  said  mayor  shall  appoint  one  member 


193 

of  said  board  to  serve  for  a  period  of  four  years  from  the  third  Mon- 
day of  September  next  following.  And  on  or  before  the  first  day  of 
September  in  every  year  thereafter  the  mayor  shall  fill  the  vacancies 
about  to  occur  in  said  board  by  appointing  one  or  two  members,  as  the 
case  may  be,  to  serve  for  four  years  from  the  third  Monday  in  Sep- 
tember following  their  appointment.  Not  more  than  four  members  of 
the  same  political  party  shall  at  any  one  time  be  members  of  said  board. 
The  mayor  shall  fill  all  vacancies  caused  by  death,  resignation,  or  other- 
wise, by  appointment,  for  the  unexpired  term.  If  the  mayor  shall 
refuse,  fail,  or  neglect  for  thirty  days  to  make  an  appointment  to  fill 
any  vacancy  that  may  occur  in  said  board,  either  by  death,  resignation, 
removal,  or  otherwise,  then  the  remaining  members  of  said  board  may 
elect  a  suitable  person  to  fill  such  vacancy. 

§  106  The  board  of  education  shall  appoint  a  superintendent  of 
schools,  and  shall  decide  the  number  of  principals,  assistants,  and 
teachers  to  be  employed.  It  may  appoint  or  employ  a  secretary,  an 
inspector  of  buildings,  and  such  other  officers  and  employees  as  may  be 
necessary  for  the  proper  conduct  of  its  business.  It  shall  fix  their  terms 
of  office  and  their  salaries  and  prescribe  their  duties  in  each  case,  ex- 
cept as  hereinafter  provided.  The  officers  and  employees  of  the  New 
Haven  city  school  district,  at  the  time  of  the  taking  effect  of  this  act, 
shall  retain  their  respective  offices  until  their  successors  shall  be  chosen, 
and  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  board  of  education  then  in  exist- 
ence, not  inconsistent  with  this  act,  shall  remain  in  full  force  until  re- 
pealed. Said  board  shall  have  the  entire  charge  and  direction  of  all  the 
public  schools  of  said  district,  and  of  the  expenditure  of  all  moneys 
appropriated  for  the  support  of  the  same,  and  shall  have  charge  of  the 
construction,  management,  and  repair  of  all  school  buildings,  and  shall 
possess  all  other  powers  and  be  subject  to  all  of  the  general  duties  of 
boards  of  education,  school  committees,  and  school  visitors  in  this 
state,  so  far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with  the  terms  of  this  act.  It 
shall  annually  choose  a  president  from  among  its  own  members,  make 
its  own  by-laws,  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceedings,  define  the  duties  of 
its  officers  and  committees,  and  prescribe  such  rules  and  regulations  for 
discipline  in  said  public  schools  as  are  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws 
of  the  state. 

§  107  The  superintendent  of  schools,  if  he  has  not  held  the  office 
before,  shall  be  appointed  for  one  year,  and  if  continued  in  office  there- 
after may  be  appointed  for  a  term  of  five  years,  and  his  salary  shall  not 
be  reduced  before  the  expiration  of  said  term  of  five  years.  He  shall 
not  be  removed  during  said  term  except  by  the  vote  of  five  members  of 
the  board  of  education.  He  shall  appoint  from  those  eligible  under  the 
rules  of  the  board  all  principals,  assistants,  and  teachers  necessary  to 
fill  positions  authorized  by  the  board.  He  shall  assign  all  principals, 
assistants,  and  teachers  to  their  respective  positions  and  reassign  them 
or  dismiss  them  from  office  at  his  discretion.  He  shall  report  at  each 
meeting  of  the  board  all  appointments,  reassignments,  and  dismissals 
made  by  him  since  the  previous  meeting.  Any  appointment  by  the 

13 


194 

superintendent  may  be  rejected  by  a  vote  of  five  members  of  the  board. 
Any  dismissal  by  the  superintendent  shall  be  final  unless  reversed  by  a 
vote  of  five  members  of  the  board  at  the  meeting  when  such  dismissal 
is  reported.  Notice  of  dismissal  on  the  part  of  the  superintendent  shall 
be  given  to  the  principal,  assistant,  or  teacher,  by  the  superintendent  in 
writing  at  least  one  week  before  the  meeting  of  the  board  when  the 
superintendent  reports  such  dismissal.  He  shall,  with  the  approval  of 
the  board  of  education,  prescribe  the  courses  of  study  in  all  the  schools, 
but  the  text-books  to  be  used  in  said  courses  shall  be  designated  by  the 
board.  The  superintendent  shall  annually,  at  a  date  to  be  fixed  by  the 
board,  submit  to  the  board  a  full  report  of  the  work  and  condition  of 
the  schools  during  the  previous  year,  with  recommendations  for  the 
ensuing  year,  which  report,  when  accepted  by  the  board,  shall  form 
part  of  its  report  to  the  mayor.  He  shall  also  report,  each  month  dur- 
ing the  school  year,  to  the  board  in  writing,  any  changes  made  in  the 
several  courses  of  study,  and  what  principals,  assistants,  and  teachers 
he  has  assigned,  reassigned,  or  dismissed,  and  shall  furnish  such  addi- 
tional information  regarding  the  condition  of  the  schools  and  the  effi- 
ciency of  the  teaching  force  as  may  be  required  by  the  board.  Said 
monthly  reports  shall  be  entered  in  a  suitable  book  provided  for  the 
purpose,  and  shall  be  kept  as  a  part  of  the  records  of  the  department. 

§  108  The  treasurer  of  the  city  shall  receive  the  amount  of  school 
money  to  which  the  district  is  entitled  from  the  school  moneys  of  the 
state,  from  the  town  of  New  Haven,  from  state  appropriations  for 
school  purposes,  from  gifts,  and  from  the  tax  laid  within  the  district 
for  school  purposes,  which  moneys  shall  be  subject  to  the  order  of  the 
board  of  education  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  board  of 
finance  may  from  time  to  time  establish. 

§  109  The  board  of  education  shall  submit  to  the  board  of  finance 
of  the  city,  at  the  time  fixed  by  law  for  the  submission  of  the  estimates 
of  the  other  departments  of  said  city,  a  detailed  estimate  of  its  expenses 
for  the  next  year  for  which  the  appropriations  for  city  purposes  are 
by  law  required  to  be  made,  specifying  separately  the  sums  needed  for 
current  and  special  expenses. 

§  no  Said  board  of  finance  shall  annually  appropriate  for  the  pur- 
poses of  said  district  such  amount  as  it  may  deem  necessary  for  such 
purposes.  Appropriations  made  for  school  sites  and  the  building  and 
furnishing  of  new  schoolhouses  or  additions  to  old  ones  shall  be  known 
as  the  special  school  fund,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  board  of 
education  to  cause  accurate  accounts  to  be  kept  of  its  receipts  and 
expenditures,  distinguishing  between  those  of  a  general  and  those  of  a 
special  character.  The  board  of  finance  shall  levy,  for  school  purposes, 
a  tax  upon  all  property  within  said  district  as  now  or  hereafter 
constituted. 

§  in  The  board  of  education  shall  have  power  to  maintain  one  or 
two  high  schools,  as  it  may  deem  advisable,  and  a  manual  training 
school,  and  it  shall  determine  the  number  and  location  of  primary  and 
grammar  schools,  but  no  expenditure  involving  any  expense  to  the  city 


195 

of  New  Haven  or  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  for  the  purchase 
of  ground  or  the  erection  of  schoolhouses  shall  be  made  until  a  special 
appropriation  for  that  purpose  shall  have  been  made. 

§  112  Said  board  shall  annually,  at  a  date  to  be  fixed  by  the  mayor, 
transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of  its  proceedings  during  the  pre- 
vious year,  together  with  a  statement  of  its  receipts  and  expenditures, 
specifying  those  on  account  of  current  expenses,  and  special  expenses 
for  land  and  buildings  respectively,  with  such  other  details  as  the  mayor 
may  from  time  to  time  require. 

§  113  Said  board  shall  have  power  to  divide  the  school  district  into 
as  many  sub-districts  as  it  may  deem  advisable  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  limits  within  which  children  may  attend  each  school. 

§  114  The  city  of  New  Haven,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
board  of  education,  shall  have  power  to  take  sites  for  schoolhouses,  or 
for  the  enlargement  of  sites  already  acquired,  in  the  manner  provided 
by  law  for  the  taking  of  land  for  public  parks. 

§  115  The  title  to  all  property,  legal  or  equitable,  owned  by  such 
district,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  acquired  for  school  purposes  in  said 
district,  is  hereby  vested  in  the  board  of  education,  as  trustee  for  said 
New  Haven  city  school  district. 

§  116  The  Westville  school  district  and  the  South  school  district 
are  excepted  from  the  provisions  hereof.  Whenever  the  electors  of 
either  the  Westville  school  district  or  the  South  school  district  in  the 
town  and  city  of  New  Haven  shall,  by  a  majority  vote  in  district  meet- 
ing, in  the  manner  provided  for  the  admission  of  the  different  wards 
in  section  218  of  this  act,  express  their  desire  to  have  their  district 
annexed  to  the  New  Haven  city  school  district,  said  vote  shall  be 
certified  to  the  board  of  education  of  the  New  Haven  city  school 
district,  and  said  board  shall  then,  by  a  proper  vote,  declare  the  district 
in  question  to  be  a  part  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district,  and  it 
shall  thereafter  be  included  in  said  New  Haven  city  school  district,  and 
be  governed  by  all  the  provisions  of  this  act  relating  to  said  district. 

Teachers'   retirement  fund 
Special  acts  1911,  pages  323-328 

§  i  There  shall  be  a  fund  to  be  known  as  the  "  Teachers'  Retire- 
ment Fund"  for  the  benefit  of  teachers  of  the  public  day  schools  of 
the  New  Haven  city  school  district,  which  shall  consist  of  moneys  re- 
ceived from  the  following  sources:  (i)  All  appropriations,  gifts,  or 
bequests  made  to  the  fund  from  public  or  private  sources,  for  the 
purposes  for  which  said  retirement  fund  is  established:  (2)  An 
assessment  of  one  per  centum  of  the  annual  salaries  of  all  teachers  who 
have  taught  for  a  period  of  ten  years  or  less,  and  of  two  per  centum 
of  the  annual  salaries  of  all  teachers  who  have  taught  for  more  than 
ten  years,  which  assessment  shall,  during  the  school  year,  be  retained 
from  the  salaries  of  such  teachers  in  equal  monthly  amounts^  pro- 
vided that  the  amount  deducted  from  any  salary  shall  not  exceed 


196 

thirty-two  dollars  in  any  year:  (3)  Such  part  of  the  salary  of  any 
teacher  as  shall  not  have  been  paid  to  such  teacher  by  reason  of  the 
resignation,  illness,  or  absence  of  such  teacher,  or  from  any  other 
cause,  which  shall  be  transferred  by  the  board  of  education,  at  the 
end  of  each  fiscal  year,  to  said  retirement  fund;  provided,  that  if  the 
amount  so  transferred,  during  any  fiscal  year,  shall  not  equal  the 
amount  raised  under  the  provisions  of  subdivision  (2)  of  this  section, 
the  difference  between  said  amounts  shall  be  made  up  the  following 
year  by  the  board  of  finance  by  making  an  appropriation  therefor. 

§  2  The  board  of  finance  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  in  making 
the  appropriations  for  said  district,  shall  appropriate  for  the  salaries  of 
the  day  school  teachers  of  said  city,  an  amount  sufficient  to  pay  the 
full  yearly  salary  to  each  day  school  teacher  employed  by  said  board 
of  education  for  the  ensuing  fiscal  year. 

§  3  (i)  The  city  treasurer  shall  be  treasurer  of  said  fund.  The 
board  of  education  of  the  city  of  New  Haven  sha^l  be  trustee  of  said 
retirement  fund  and  may  invest  and  reinvest  the  same  in  accordance 
with  the  laws  relating  to  the  investment  of  trust  funds.  (2)  All  orders 
on  said  fund  shall  be  signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by 
the  president  of  the  board  of  education.  The  unexpended  yearly  bal- 
ance af  said  fund,  if  any,  shall  be  set  apart  by  said  trustee  and  con- 
stitute a  permanent  fund  to  be  invested,  as  aforesaid,  by  the  trustee, 
and  only  the  income  from  said  permanent  fund  shall  be  used  in  carry- 
ing out  the  provisions  of  this  act.  (3)  Whenever  the  permanent  fund 
amounts  to  a  sum  the  income  from  which,  in  the  judgment  of  the 
board  of  trustees  and  board  of  finance  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  will 
be  sufficient  to  pay  the  annuities  provided  for  in  this  act,  then  no 
transfer  of  the  sums  under  subdivision  (3)  of  section  one  shall  be 
made  by  the  board  of  education,  but  said  sums  shall  revert  to  the  city 
treasury.  (4)  The  trustee  of  the  retirement  fund  shall  have  power, 
in  its  discretion,  to  authorize  the  expenditure  from  the  general  fund 
jf  such  a  sum  as  it  may  deem  necessary  for  clerical  and  other  expenses 
incident  to  the  administration  of  said  fund,  payment  therefrom  to  be 
made  on  vouchers  prepared  and  audited  in  the  same  manner  as  pay- 
ments from  other  funds  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  board  of  educa- 
tion. 

§  4  Two  members  of  the  board  of  education,  to  be  chosen  annually 
by  said  board,  one  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  to  be  elected  by 
the  board  of  Aldermen,  the  treasurer  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  and  a 
teacher  chosen  by  the  teachers  of  the  public  schools  of  New  Haven 
shall  constitute  a  board  of  retirement.  The  member  of  said  board 
representing  the  teachers  shall  first  be  chosen  by  said  teachers  for  one 
year  and  thereafter  for  two  years ;  the  first  election  for  the  selection  of 
said  members  shall  be  conducted  by  said  board  of  education,  and 
each  subsequent  election  shall  be  conducted  by  a  committee  appointed 
by  the  board  of  retirement,  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  said 
committee  shall  determine.  Said  committee  shall  have  power  to  con- 
duct special  elections  to  fill  any  vacancy  occurring  in  the  teachers' 
representation  on  said  board. 


1 97 

§  5  (i)  Upon  a  majority  vote  of  the  board  of  retirement  and  a 
majority  vote  of  the  board  of  education,  any  teacher  who  has  taught  in 
public  day  schools  for  a  period  of  thirty  years,  of  which  period  the  last 
twenty  years  shall  have  been  in  said  public  day  schools  of  the  New 
Haven  city  school  district,  shall  be  placed  on  the  retired  list.  (2)  Any 
teacher  of  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  dis- 
trict who  has  reached  the  age  of  sixty-five  years  or  over,  and  who  has 
taught  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  thirty  years,  of  which  period  the 
last  twenty  shall  have  been  in  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven 
city  school  district,  shall  have  the  right  to  apply  to  the  board  of 
retirement  to  be  placed  on  the  retired  list.  If  said  application  shall  be. 
approved  by  a  majority  vote  of  said  board  of  retirement  and  a  like 
vote  of  said  board  of  education,  the  applicant  shall  be  placed  on  the 
retired  list.  (3)  Any  teacher  who  has  taught  in  the  public  day 
schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  for  a  period  of  forty 
years  previous  to  the  date  when  this  act  becomes  operative  shall,  upon 
recommendation  by  a  majority  vote  of  the  board  of  retirement  and 
a  majority  vote  of  the  board  of  education,  be  placed  upon  the  retired 
list. 

§  6  (i)  The  board  of  retirement  shall  annually  appoint  three 
physicians  or  surgeons  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  of  at  least  ten  years 
active  practice,  who  shall  be  known  as  the  board  of  examiners,  who 
shall  serve  without  pay,  and  who  shall,  upon  request  of  the  board  of 
education  or  the  board  of  retirement,  make  such  examinations  as  may 
be  called  for  under  the  terms  of  this  section  and  report  their  findings, 
in  writing,  to  the  board  making  such  request.  (2)  On  the  recom- 
mendation of  a  majority  vote  of  said  board  of  retirement,  said  board 
of  education  shall  have  power,  by  a  majority  vote  of  all  of  its  mem- 
bers, to  place  on  the  disability  list  for  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life, 
or  any  part  thereof,  any  teacher  of  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New 
Haven  city  school  district  who  is  found  by  said  board  of  examiners 
to  be  mentally  or  physically  incapacitated  for  the  performance  of  duty, 
and  who  has  been  engaged  in  the  work  of  teaching  for  a  period  of  at 
least  fifteen  years,  the  last  ten  of  which  shall  have  been  in  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district.  In  no  case  shall 
a  teacher  be  placed  on  the  disability  list  until  said  board  of  examiners 
shall  have  filed  a  report,  in  writing,  within  thirty  days  from  the  date 
of  examination,  to  the  effect  that  said  teacher  has  refused  to  submit  to 
an  examination  or,  after  examination,  is  found  by  the  board  of  exam- 
iners to  be  physically  or  mentally  unfitted  for  further  service  in  the 
day  schools  of  New  Haven.  (3)  Any  teacher  of  the  public  day  schools 
of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  who  has  been  engaged  in 
teaching  for  a  period  of  at  least  fifteen  years,  the  last  ten  of  which 
shall  have  been  in  said  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city 
school  district,  shall  have  the  right  to  apply  to  the  board  of  retire- 
ment to  be  placed  on  the  disability  list  on  the  ground  that  he  or  she  is 
mentally  or  physically  incapacitated  for  the  further  performance  of 
duty  as  a  teacher.  Any  applicant  for  retirement  on  said  ground  of 


I98 

disability  shall  submit  to  a  proper  medical  examination  by  said  board 
of  examiners  before  his  or  her  application  shall  be  considered.  The 
board  of  education  may,  by  a  majority  vote,  upon  recommendation 
by  a  majority  vote  of  said  board  of  retirement,  place  said  teacher  on 
the  disability  list.  (4)  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  pro- 
hibiting the  board  of  retirement  from  recommending,  by  a  majority 
vote,  to  the  board  of  education  that  the  disability  of  a  teacher  retired 
under  this  section  shall  be  declared  ended.  Said  board  of  education 
may,  by  a  majority  vote,  on  such  recommendation  of  said  board  of 
retirement,  declare  ended  the  disability  of  a  teacher  retired  under  the 
terms  of  this  section,  and  upon  delivery  to  said  teacher  of  a  written 
offer  of  reappointment  to  a  position  as  a  teacher  equal  in  remuneration 
to  the  one  previously  held  by  said  teacher,  the  payment  of  the  annuity 
of  such  teacher  under  this  disability  clause  shall  be  discontinued.  (5) 
Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  prohibiting  a  teacher  who  has 
been  placed  on  the  disability  list  from  applying,  once  each  year,  to  be 
reinstated  to  active  duty  as  a  teacher.  On  recommendation  by  a 
majority  vote  of  the  board  of  retirement,  after  an  examination  of  said 
applicant  by  the  board  of  examiners,  the  board  of  education  may,  by 
a  majority  vote,  restore  said  teacher  to  active  duty,  and  the  disability 
annuity  shall  cease  on  the  day  that  said  teacher  resumes  his  or  her 
work  as  a  teacher.  (6)  In  no  case,  however,  shall  the  disability  pro- 
vided for  in  subdivisions  (2)  and  (3)  of  this  section  be  declared 
ended  or  finished  until  an  examination  has  been  made  by  said  board  of 
examiners  or  the  teacher  in  question  has  refused  to  be  so  examined, 
and  said  board  of  examiners  shall  have  certified,  by  a  majority  vote, 
either  to  said  teacher's  refusal  to  be  examined,  or  that,  after  such 
examination,  said  teacher  is  found  to  be  physically  and  mentally  fitted 
for  further  service  in  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  City 
school  district.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not,  however,  apply 
to  ordinary  cases  of  temporary  disability. 

§  7  (i)  The  annuity  paid  to  any  teacher  regularly  placed  on  the 
retired  list  for  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life  shall  be  one-half  of  his 
or  her  average  annual  salary  for  the  five  years  last  previous  to  the  date 
of  his  or  her  retirement;  provided,  that  such  annuity  shall  be  not  less 
than  four  hundred  dollars  nor  more  than  eight  hundred  dollars  per 
annum.  Said  annuity  shall  be  payable  to  said  teacher  in  monthly 
installments  during  the  school  year.  (2)  Any  teacher  regularly 
placed  on  the  disability  list  shall  receive  an  annuity  the  amount  of 
which  shall  be  one-thirtieth  part  of  the  total  annuity  provided  for  in 
subdivision  (i)  of  this  section,  for  each  year  of  service  of  said 
teacher,  not  exceeding  thirty  years.  (3)  No  annuities  shall  be  paid 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  except  as  provided  in  subdivision  (3) 
of  section  five,  unless  the  retiring  teacher  shall  have  first  paid  into 
the  retirement  fund  such  sum  or  sums  as  shall  make  his  or  her  total 
payments  equal  to  the  amount  of  the  annuity  paid  for  the  first  year; 
but  should  any  retiring  teacher  be  unable  to  pay  the  full  amount  of 
said  sum  Before  receiving  an  annuity,  the  board  of  trustees  shall,  in 


199 

paying  the  annuity  of  such  teacher,  withhold,  from  each  monthly 
payment,  twenty  per  centum  thereof  until  the  full  amount  hereinbefore 
provided  for  shall  have  been  so  contributed  to  the  fund.  If  said  retire- 
ment fund  shall  at  any  time  be  found  insufficient  to  carry  out  the 
provisions  of  this  act,  the  amount  in  said  fund  shall,  during  the  con- 
tinuance of  such  insufficiency,  be  distributed  pro  rata  among  the  per- 
sons entitled  thereto  and  such  distribution  shall  be  in  full  of  all  an- 
nuities then  due. 

§  8  Teachers  who  are  dismissed  from  school  employment  shall 
have  refunded  to  them,  without  interest,  the  amounts  which  they  have 
contributed  to  said  retirement  fund. 

§  9  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  preventing  said  board 
of  education  from  discontinuing  the  employment  of  any  teacher  at  the 
end  of  his  or  her  contract  of  employment ;  nor  shall  anything  herein 
contained  be  construed  as  creating  any  contract  right  in  any  teacher  to 
receive  the  annuity  provided  for  by  section  six  of  this  act  until  placed 
on  the  retired  or  disability  list  in  accordance  with  sections  five  and  six 
of  this  act.  The  acceptance  of  employment  as  a  teacher  in  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  after  the  date  of 
this  act  shall  be  considered  as  being  made  subject  to  the  terms  and 
provisions  of  this  act  and  as  authorizing  the  deduction  from  the  salary 
of  such  teacher  provided  for  by  section  one  of  this  act. 

§  10  The  term  "  teacher "  as  used  in  this  act  shall  include  all 
teachers  regularly  appointed  and  employed  in  the  public  day  schools, 
by  the  board  of  education,  including  the  superintendent  of  schools  and 
the  members  of  the  supervising  staff.  The  public  day  schools  of  the 
New  Haven  city  school  district  shall  be  deemed  to  be  all  public  day 
schools  maintained  wholly  or  in  part  by  the  New  Haven  city  school 
district.  The  term  "majority"  shall  mean  a  majority  of  the  entire 
membership  of  the  board  referred  to. 

§  ii  Any  pledge,  mortgage,  sale,  assignment,  or  transfer  of,  or  of 
any  right,  claim,  or  interest  in,  said  retirement  fund  or  in  any  annuity 
granted  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  void  and  said  retire- 
ment fund  and  all  said  annuities  shall  be  exempt  from  attachment, 
levy,  and  sale,  and  from  all  legal  process  at  law  or  in  equity  to 
sequester  the  same  by  or  in  behalf  of  any  creditor  of  any  person  having 
an  interest  in  said  fund  or  entitled  to  any  such  annuity. 

§  12  This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage,  but  na  annuity 
payable  hereunder,  shall  be  paid  until  the  first  day  of  September,  1911. 
All  employments  for  the  teaching  and  supervising  staff  of  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  Haven  city  school  district  for  the  school  year 
of  1911  and  1912  and  thereafter,  shall  be  made  subject  to  the  provisions 
hereof.  No  deduction,  as  provided  herein,  shall  be  made  from  the 
salary  of  any  teacher  for  the  school  year  ending  July  14,  1911. 

§  13  In  the  month  of  September,  1912,  and  annually  thereafter 
during  the  month  of  September,  the  board  of  retirement  shall  file  an 
annual  report,  showing  the  financial  condition  of  the  teachers'  retire- 
ment fund,  with  the  board  of  aldermen,  which  report  shall  be  printed 
in  the  city  year  book  of  the  city  of  New  Haven. 


2OO 

Janitors'  and  engineers'  retirement  fund 
Special  acts  1911,  page  387 

§  i  There  shall  be  a  fund  to  he  known  as  the  "Janitors'  and 
Engineers'  Retirement  Fund "  for  the  benefit  of  janitors  and  the 
engineer  or  engineers  of  the  public  day  schools  of  the  city  of  New 
Haven,  which  shall  consist  of  moneys  received  from  the  following 
sources:  (i)  all  appropriations,  gifts,  or  bequests  made  to  the  fund 
from  public  or  private  sources,  for  the  purposes  for  which  said  retire- 
ment fund  is  established;  (2)  an  assessment  of  one  and  one-half  per 
centum  on  the  annual  salaries  of  all  appointed  janitors  and  engineers, 
which  shall  be  retained  from  such  salaries  and  paid  into  said  fund ; 
(3)  all  compensation  for  services  that  may  be  unclaimed  by  any 
janitor  or  engineer  for  a  period  of  six  months  after  the  same  shall 
become  due;  (4)  an  appropriation  to  said  fund  by  the  city  of  New 
Haven  of  an  amount  equal  to  the  difference  between  the  one  and  one- 
half  per  centum  per  annum  on  said  salaries  and  the  amount  required 
to  meet  the  expenditures  herenafter  provided  for. 

§  2  The  board  of  education  of  the  city  of  New  Haven  shall  be 
trustee  of  said  fund,  and  may  invest  and  re-invest  the  same  in  accord- 
ance with  the  laws  relating  to  investment  of  trust  funds.  The  city 
treasurer  shall  be  treasurer  of  said  fund.  All  orders  on  said  fund 
shall  be  signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by  the  president 
of  the  board  of  education.  The  unexpended  yearly  balance  of  said 
fund,  if  any,  shall  be  set  apart  by  said  trustee  and  constitute  a  perma- 
nent fund,  to  be  invested  by  the  trustee  as  aforesaid,  and  the  income 
of  such  permanent  fund  shall  be  used  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of 
this  act. 

§  3  There  shall  be  a  board  of  retirement  in  said  city  which  shall 
consist  of  the  mayor,  the  president  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  the 
secretary  of  the  board  of  education,  and  two  members  who  shall  be 
chosen  by  the  janitors  and  engineer  or  engineers  of  said  public  day 
schools  from  their  own  number,  at  a  meeting  held  for  that  purpose.  At 
the  first  meeting  held  for  such  purpose  one  such  member  shall  be 
chosen  to  serve  for  one  year,  and  one  for  two  years,  and  annually 
thereafter  one  shall  be  chosen  for  a  term  of  two  years.  Said  board 
shall  investigate  and  recommend  to  said  board  of  education  such 
janitors  and  engineer  or  engineers  as  said  board  of  retirement  may 
deem  advisable  to  retire  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

§  4  Upon  the  recommendation  of  the  board  of  retirement,  a 
majority  of  said  board  of  education  may  retire  any  janitor  or  engineer 
who  has  been  connected  with  the  public  schools  of  the  city  of  New 
Haven  for  a  period  of  thirty  years  or  more,  or  any  janitor  or  engineer 
who  may  be  incapacitated  while  in  service  from  further  duty  as  such 
janitor  or  engineer,  and  thereupon  said  trustee  shall  pay  to  such  janitor 
or  engineer,  during  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life,  the  sum  of  three 
hundred  dollars  per  annum,  provided  such  janitor  or  engineer,  at  the 
time  of  his  retirement,  was  receiving  a  salary  less  than  eight  hundred 


201 

dollars  per  annum,  and  the  sum  of  six  hundred  dollars  per  annum 
provided  such  janitor  or  engineer,  at  the  time  of  his  retirement,  was 
receiving  a  salary  of  eight  hundred  dollars  or  more  per  annum. 

§  5  Any  janitor  or  engineer  who  may  be  retired  and  who  has  not 
paid  into  said  fund  an  amount  equal  to  the  sum  of  his  or  her  annuity, 
shall  receive  such  annuity  less  twenty  per  centum  thereof,  which  deduc- 
tion shall  be  made  annually  until  the  amount  of  such  annuity  is  paid 
into  said  fund,  and  one  and  one-half  per  centum  which  shall  be  de- 
ducted annually  from  all  annuities  which  shall  be  used  to  defray  the 
expense  of  said  fund. 

§  6  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  prevent  the 
board  of  education  from  discontinuing  the  employment  of  any  janitor 
or  engineer  for  cause;  provided,  that  any  sum  that  may  have  been 
deducted  from  the  salary  of  such  janitor  or  engineer  and  paid  into  the 
retirement  fund,  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  shall  be  returned 
to  him  or  her  without  interest.  No  janitor  or  engineer  who  shall  ter- 
minate his  employment,  except  as  provided  herein,  shall  be  entitled  to 
receive  any  money  that  may  have  been  deducted  from  the  salary  of 
such  janitor  or  engineer  and  paid  into  said  retirement  fund. 

§  7  In  the  month  of  September,  1912,  and  annually  thereafter,  said 
trustee  shall  file  with  the  board  of  aldermen  an  annual  report  showing 
the  financial  condition  of  the  janitors'  and  enginers'  retirement  fund, 
which  report  shall  be  printed  in  the  city  year  book  of  the  city  of 
New  Haven. 

NEW  LONDON 
Special  acts  of  1905,  pages  783,  784,  786,  and  802 

§  9  At  each  annual  meeting  for  the  election  of  officers  there  shall 
be  elected  three  school  visitors  for  the  term  of  three  years  and  until 
their  successors  are  chosen  and  qualified. 

§  10  The  mayor  shall  be,  ex  officio,  a  member  of  all  committees 
of  the  court  of  common  council,  and  of  the  board  of  water  and  sewer 
commissioners,  and  of  the  board  of  school  visitors. 

§  48  All  the  rights,  powers,  and  duties  relative  to  education, 
schools,  school  districts,  schoolhouses,  school  lands,  school  property, 
and  school,  officers,  of  whatsoever  kind,  heretofore  conferred  or  im- 
posed, or  hereafter  to  be  conferred  or  imposed  upon  towns,  shall  be 
and  they  are  imposed  and  conferred,  within  the  limits  of  the  city  of 
New  London,  upon  said  city,  and  upon  the  officers  chosen  by  it  for 
school  purposes. 

§  49  The  school  visitors  of  said  city  shall  continue  to  be  such 
school  officers,  and  shall  be  charged  with  and  perform  all  the  duties 
of  a  school  committee,  and  shall  have  all  its  powers,  and  shall  act  in 
the  place  and  stead  of  such  committee  in  all  things;  and  the  city  of 
New  London  shall  be  substituted  for  and  take  the  place  of  the  town 
of  New  London  in  all  matters  concerning  education,  and  shall  act 
instead  of  said  town  in  all  of  the  same. 


202 

§  so  All  the  powers,  obligatory  duties,  rights,  and  property  of 
said  city  of  New  London,  whether  as  such  city,  or  as  a  union  school 
district,  in  respect  to  education  and  schools,  shall  be  vested  in  and 
belong  to  said  city  of  New  London,  which  shall  be  and  act,  for  all 
intents  and  purposes,  as  such  union  school  district,  and  all  such  powers 
and  duties  of  said  city  shall  be  exercised  and  performed  by  said 
board  of  school  visitors,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  said  city. 

NEW  LONDON 

Special  acts,  1911,  page  584 
TEACHERS'  RERIREMENT   FUND 

§  i  There  shall  be  a  fund  known  as  the  "teachers'  retirement 
fund  "  for  the  benefit  of  teachers  and  superintendents  of  the  public 
day  schools  of  the  New  London  Union  School  District,  which  shall 
consist  of  moneys  received  from  the  following  sources:  (i)  All  appro- 
priations, gifts,  or  bequests  made  to  the  fund  from  public  or  private 
sources,  for  the  purposes  for  which  said  retirement  fund  is  estab- 
lished. (2)  Five  per  centum  of  excise  moneys  or  license  fees  col- 
lected on  account  of  licenses  issued  for  the  sale  of  spirituous  and 
intoxicating  liquors  within  the  city  of  New  London.  (3)  An  assess- 
ment of  one  per  centum  of  the  annual  salaries  of  all  teachers  and 
superintendents  the  same  to  be  retained  from  the  salaries  of  such 
teachers  and  superintendents  in  equal  monthly  amounts.  (4)  An 
appropriation  to  said  retirement  fund  by  the  city  of  New  London  of 
an  amount  equal  to  the  difference  between  three  per  centum  of  the 
total  of  said  salary  list  and  five  per  centum  of  the  excise  money  re- 
ceived for  said  fund,  plus  the  assessment  of  one  per  centum  per  annum 
on  said  salaries;  and  (5)  all  other  legal  methods  for  the  increase  of 
said  fund. 

§  2  The  city  treasurer  shall  be  treasurer  of  said  fund.  The  board 
of  school  visitors  of  the  city  of  New  London  shall  be  trustee  of  said 
retirement  fund  and  may  invest  and  reinvest  the  same  in  accordance 
with  the  laws  relating  to  the  investment  of  trust  funds.  All  orders 
on  said  fund  shall  be  signed  by  the  secretary  and  countersigned  by 
the  president  of  the  board  of  school  visitors.  The  unexpended  yearly 
balance  of  said  fund,  if  any,  shall  be  set  apart  by  said  trustee  and 
constitute  a  permanent  fund  to  be  invested,  as  aforesaid,  by  the  trustee, 
and  only  the  income  from  said  permanent  fund  shall  be  used  in  carrying 
out  the  provisions  of  this  act;  provided,  that  when  the  permanent  fund 
amounts  to  a  sum  exceeding  fifty  thousand  dollars,  the  part  of  said 
fund  in  excess  of  said  fifty  thousand  dollars  shall  be  used,  from  year 
to  year,  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  thereafter  the 
annual  appropriation  made  by  the  city  of  New  London,  as  provided 
for  in  sub-division  (4)  of  section  one  shall  be  of  sttch  amount  only  as 
shall  be  necessary,  in  addition  to  the  excess  of  the  principal  of  said 
fund  over  fifty  thousand  dollars,  to  carry  out  the  purposes  of  this  act. 


203 

§  3  The  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  London,  the  president  of  the 
board  of  school  visitors,  the  superintendent  of  schools,  and  two  mem- 
bers of  the  teaching  staff,  chosen  by  the  members  of  said  teaching  staff, 
shall  constitute  a  board  of  retirement,  which  board  shall  investigate 
and  recommend  to  the  board  of  school  visitors  any  member  Of  said 
teaching  or  supervising  staff  whom  it  deems  .advisable  to  retire  under 
the  provisions  of  this  act.  The  two  members  of  said  board  of  retire- 
ment representing  said  teaching  staff  shall  first  be  chosen  one  for  one 
year  and  the  other  for  two  years,  and  annually  thereafter  one  such 
member  shall  be  chosen  for  two  years.  The  first  election  for  the  choice 
of  said  members  shall  be  conducted  by  said  board  of  school  visitors, 
and  all  subsequent  elections  shall  be  conducted  by  a  committee 
appointed  by  the  board  of  retirement,  under  such  rules  and  regulations 
as  said  committee  shall  determine.  Said  committee  shall  have  power 
to  conduct  a  special  election  to  fill  any  vacancy  occurring  in  the 
representation  of  such  teachers  on  said  board  of  retirement. 

§  4  Upon  the  recommendation  of  the  board  of  retirement,  said 
board  of  school  visitors,  by  a  majority  vote,  may  retire  any  member 
of  said  teaching  and  supervising  staff  who  has  been  connected  ,with 
the  teaching  or  supervising  staff  of  public  schools  for  a  period  of  not 
less  than  thirty  years,  of  which  period  at  least  fifteen  years  of  such 
service  shall  have  been  in  connection  with  the  public  schools  of  New 
London,  or  who  has  been  connected  with  the  teaching  or  supervising 
staff  of  public  schools  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  twenty-five  years, 
of  which  period  at  least  fifteen  years  of  such  service  shall  have  been 
in  connection  with  the  public  schools  of  New  London,  and  who  because 
of  mental  or  physical  disability  is  no  longer  able  to  continue  in  such 
service,  and  such  teacher  or  supervisor  so  retired  shall  be  paid 
annually  from  said  fund,  during  the  remainder  of  his  or  her  life,  an 
amount  equal  to  one-half  of  his  or  her  average  annual  salary  during 
the  last  five  years  of  his  or  her  connection  with  the  public  schools  of 
New  London.  Any  member  of  said  teaching  and  supervising  staff  who 
has  reached  the  age  of  sixty-five  years  and  who  has  been  connected 
with  the  teaching  or  supervising  staff  of  public  schools  for  a  period 
of  not  less  than  thirty  years,  of  which  at  least  fifteen  years  shall 
have  been  in  connection  with  the  public  schools  of  New  London,  or 
any  member  of  said  teaching  or  supervising  staff  who  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  teaching  or  supervising  staff  of  the  public  schools  of 
New  London  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  thirty-five  years,  shall  have 
the  right,  upon  application  to  the  board  of  retirement,  to  be  retired 
and  to  receive,  annually,  from  said  fund,  for  the  remainder  of  his  or 
her  life,  an  amount  equal  to  one-half  of  his  or  her  average  annual 
salary  for  the  last  five  years  previous  to  the  date  of  such  application 
for  retirement.  Said  annuity  shall  be  payable  to  said  teacher  in  monthly 
installments  during  the  school  year. 

§  5  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  as  preventing  said  board 
of  education  from  discontinuing  the  employment  of  any  teacher  or 
supervisor  at  the  end  of  his  or  her  contract  of  employment,  or  from 


2O4 

discharging  any  teacher  during  the  term  of  his  or  her  employment, 
and  any  sum  which  may  have  been  deducted  from  the  salary  of  such 
teacher  or  supervisor  and  paid  into  the  retirement  fund,  under  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act,  shall  be  and  remain  a  part  of  said  retirement  fund, 
free  ffom  any  claim  thereon  of  such  teacher ;  nor  shall  anything  herein 
contained  be  construed  as  creating  any  contract  right  in  any  member 
of  said  teaching  and  supervising  staff  to  receive  the  pension  provided 
for  in  section  five  of  this  act  until  retired  from  service  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  said  section.  The  acceptance  of  employment  as 
a  teacher  or  supervisor  in  the  public  day  schools  of  the  New  London 
Union  School  District,  after  the  passage  of  this  act,  shall  be  con- 
sidered as  being  made  subject  to  the  terms  and  provisions  of  this  act, 
and  as  authorizing  the  deduction  of  the  one  per  centum,  provided  for 
in  section  one  hereof,  from  the  salary  of  such  teacher.  No  teacher  or 
supervisor  who  shall  leave  the  employment  of  the  New  London  Union 
School  District,  unless  in  accordance  with  the  pro-visions  of  section 
five  of  this  act,  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  from  said  retirement  fund, 
or  otherwise,  any  -moneys  that  may  have  been  deducted  from  the 
salary  of  such  teacher  or  supervisor  and  paid  into  such  retirement 
fund  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

An    act    concerning   the    admission    of   teachers    in    the    New    London 

public  schools  to  the  benefits  of  the   retirement   system   for 

teachers 

Special  acts  of  1919,  page   177 

§  i  Any  teacher  employed  by  the  city  of  New  London  in  its 
public  schools,  who  shall  begin  service  after  July  I,  1919,  shall  be- 
come thereby  a  member  of  the  teachers'  retirement  association  of 
the  state,  and  shall  be  exempt  from,  and  entitled  to  no  rights  under, 
the  provisions  of  the  charter  of  said  city  relating  to  the  teachers" 
retirement  fund. 

§  2  Any  teacher  now  in  service  in  the  public  schools  of  the  city 
of  New  London,  may,  on  or  before  July  i,  1919,  become  a  member 
of  the  state  retirement  association  and  entitled  to  all  the  rights  and 
subject  to  all  the  obligations  thereof,  by  written  application  to  the 
secretary  of  said  association  and  by  paying  an  amount  equal  to  the 
total  assessments,  with  regular  interest  thereon,  that  he  would  have 
paid  if  he  had  been  in  service  before  June  30,  1917,  and  joined  said 
association  on  or  before  September  30,  1917,  or,  if  such  teacher  was 
first  in  service  subsequent  to  July  I,  1917,  by  paying  an  amount  equal 
to  the  total  assessments,  with  regular  interest,  that  he  would  have 
paid  if  he  had  joined  the  state  retirement  association  on  entering  the 
service  of  the  public  schools. 

§  3  Said  city  of  New  London  shall  continue  to  be  entitled  to  re- 
imbursement by  the  state  according  to  the  provisions  of  section 
eleven  for  all  pensions,  allowances  or  annuities  paid  by  it  to  teachers 
who  have  been  retired  or  may  hereafter  be  retired  under  the  provi- 
sions of  the  charter  of  said  city. 


205 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  New  London  in 
reference  to  the  teachers'   retirement  fund 

Special  acts   1919,  page   192 

§  i  Any  teacher  employed  by  the  city  of  Nw  London  in  its 
public  schools,  who  shall  begin  service  after  July  I,  1919,  shall  be- 
come thereby  a  member  of  the  teachers'  retirement  association  of 
the  state,  and  shall  be  exempt  from,  and  entitled  to  no  rights  under, 
the  provisions  of  the  charter  of  said  city  relating  to  the  teachers' 
retirement  fund. 

§  2  Any  teacher  now  in  service  in  the  public  schools  of  the  city 
of  New  London,  may,  on  or  before  July  i,  1919,  become  a  member 
of  the  state  retirement  association  and  entitled  to  all  the  rights  and 
subject  to  all  the  obligations  thereof,  by  written  application  to  the 
secretary  of  said  associations  and  by  paying  an  amount  equal  to  the 
total  assessments,  with  regular  interest  thereon,  that  he  would  have 
paid  if  he  had  been  in  service  before  June  30,  1917,  and  joined  said 
association  on  or  before  September  30,  1917,  or,  if  such  teacher  was 
first  in  service  subsequent  to  July  i,  1917,  by  paying  an  amount  equal 
to  the  total  assessments,  with  regular  interest,  that  he  would  have 
paid  if  he  had  joined  the  state  retirement  association  on  entering 
the  service  of  the  public  schools. 

§  3  When  any  teacher  now  in  service  in  the  public  schools  of  the 
city  shall  elect,  on  or  before  July  i,  1919,  to  become  a  member  of 
the  state  retirement  association  there  shall  be  paid,  for  such  teacher, 
from  the  teachers'  retirement  fund  of  said  city  to  the  fund  of 
the  state  retirement  association  the  assessments  with  interest,  that 
such  teacher  is  required  to  pay  upon  becoming  a  member  of  such 
association,  and  thereupon  all  rights  of  such  teacher  to  any  part  of 
said  retirement  fund  of  said  city,  except  as  in  this  act  provided,  and 
all  obligations  to  pay  any  assessments  thereto,  shall  terminate. 

§  4  From  said  retirement  fund  of  said  city,  with  all  accumula- 
tions thereto,  including  any  part  thereof  as  may  have  been  set  apart 
as  a  permanent  fund,  there  shall  be  made,  in  addition  to  the  pay- 
ments to  be  made  under  section  fourteen,  Par  D,  hereof,  all  pay- 
ments to  which  any  teacher  may  be  entitled,  who  has  been  or  may 
be  retired  under  the  provisions  of  said  charter ;  and,  also,  there 
shall  be  paid  from  said  fund  to  any  teacher  who  shall  become  a  mem- 
ber of  said  state  association  under  the  provisions  of  section  fourteen, 
Par  D,  hereof,  and  shall  continue  as  a  teacher  in  the  public  schools 
of  said  city  and  who  would,  but  for  the  failure  to  pay  assessments  to 
said  fund,  become  entitled  to  retirement  under  the  provisions  of  said 
charter,  such  amounts  as  he  or  she  would  be  entitled  to  upon  retire- 
ment under  said  charter,  less  any  amounts  that  he  or  she  may  receive 
under  the  state  retirement  system. 

§  5  After  this  act  shall  come  into  effect  the  city  of  New  London 
shall  not  be  obliged  to  make  any  further  payments  to  said  fund, 
unless  said  fund  shall  not  be  sufficient  to  pay  all  obligations  under 


206 

said  charter  as  hereby  amended,  in  which  event  said  city  shall  pay 
into  said  fund  an  amount  sufficient  to  meet  all  such  obligations.  Any 
balance  of  said  fund  remaining  after  all  obligations  are  satisfied  shall 
be  paid  into  the  general  treasury  of  the  city  for  school  purposes. 

Incorporating  Thames  College 
Special  acts  1911,  page  101 

§  i  That  Oliver  Gildersleeve  of  Gildersleeve,  Frances  S.  Williams 
of  Glastonbury,  Mary  C.  Mitchell,  Mary  M.  Partridge,  and  Edward  L. 
Smith  of  Hartford,  Elizabeth  C.  Wright  of  West  Hartford,  Elizabeth 

C.  B.  Buell  of  Litchfield,  Colin  S.  Buell,  A.  H.  Chappell,  and  Bryan 
F.  Mahan,  of  New  London,  H.  H.  Bridgman  of  Norfolk,  and  Edward 

D.  Robbins  of  New  Haven,  and  such  other  persons  as  they  may  asso- 
ciate with  them,  are  hereby  constituted  a  body  corporate  and  politic 
forever,  by  the  name  of  "  Thames  College  " ;  said  college  to  be  located 
in  the  city  of  New  London,  and  by  that  name  it  shall  have  perpetual 
succession,   with   power   to   contract,   to    sue   and   be   sued   and  plead 
and  be  impleaded,  to  have  and  use  a  common  seal,  to  hold  and  use 
any  estate,  real  or  personal,  and  the  same  to  lease,  sell  and  convey. 

§  2  The  sole  and  exclusive  purpose  of  said  corporation  shall  be  to 
establish,  organize,  maintain,  and  conduct  an  institution  for  the  higher 
education  of  women,  and  said  corporation  shall  have  all  lawful  powers 
proper  for  the  execution  of  such  purpose. 

§  3  The  care,  control,  and  disposition  of  the  property  and  funds 
of  said  corporation  and  the  general  management  of  its  affairs  shall  be 
vested  in  a  board  of  trustees.  Said  corporation  shall  have  power  to 
adopt  by-laws  for  the  government  of  its  affairs,  which  by-laws  shall 
prescribe  the  number  of  the  trustees,  which  shall  not  exceed  twenty- 
four,  their  terms  of  office,  and  the  manner  of  their  election.  By-laws 
may  be  adopted  and  repealed  or  amended  by  a  two-thirds  vote  of  all 
trustees  at  any  meeting  of  the  trustees  duly  held  upon  proper  notice; 
provided,  that  the  notice  of  such  meeting  shall  set  forth  the  terms  of 
the  action  with  regard  to  the  by-laws  to  be  taken  at  such  meeting. 

§  4  Said  corporation  shall  be  organized  by  the  action  of  the  in- 
corporators  in  adopting  by-laws  and  electing  a  board  of  trustees,  any 
of  whom  may  be  chosen  from  among  the  incorporators.  Meetings  of 
the  incorporators  for  the  purpose  of  organization  may  be  called  by 
Colin  S.  Buell,  Elizabeth  C.  Wright,  and  Edward  D.  Robbins,  by 
written  notice  mailed  to  all  of  the  incorporators,  stating  the  time  and 
place  of  meeting. 

§  5  Said  college  shall  have  power,  in  accordance  with  its  by-laws, 
to  confer  degrees  and  grant  diplomas. 

§  6  The  property  of  said  corporation  shall  enjoy  the  exemption 
from  taxation,  and  all  other  privileges  and  exemptions,  now  enjoyed 
by  or  hereafter  granted  to  Yale  University. 


207 

Changing  the  name  of  Thames  college  to  Connecticut  college  for 

women 
Special  acts  1911,  page  291 

That  the  name  of  the  corporation  created  by  resolution  incorporat- 
ing Thames  College,  approved  April  4,  1911,  is  hereby  changed  to 
"  Connecticut  College  for  Women ",  and  said  resolution  and  the  title 
thereof  is  hereby  amended  in  accordance  herewith. 


Amending  the  charter  of  the  Connecticut  college  for  women 
Special  acts  1911,  page  385 

Whereas,  the  higher  education  of  the  women  of  this  state  is  a 
matter  of  great  public  concern,  and 

Whereas,  the  Connecticut  College  for  Women  has  been  incorporated 
at  this  session  of  the  general  assembly  for  the  purpose  of  providing 
such  education  through  voluntary  contributions,  without  the  necessity 
of  levying  taxes  for  the  support  thereof,  and 

Whereas,  it  is  a  matter  of  public  concern  that  a  suitable  site  should 
be  provided  for  the  purposes  of  said  Connecticut  College  for  Women, 
therefore 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  in  General 
Assembly  convened : 

The  Connecticut  College  for  Women  shall  have  power  to  take 
such  real  estate  in  the  towns  of  New  London  and  Waterford  as  its 
trustees  shall  find  to  be  necessary  for  the  purposes  of  said  educational 
corporation,  upon  payment  of  just  compensation  therefor,  and  if  said 
Connecticut  College  for  Women  cannot  agree  with  any  owner  upon 
the  amount  to  be  paid  him  for  any  real  estate  thus  taken,  it  may  pro- 
ceed in  the  manner  provided  by  section  4166,  4107,  and  4108  of  the 
general  statutes  respecting  the  condemnation  of  land  for  the  site  of 
county  buildings. 


An  act  changing  the  name  of  the  manual  training  and  industrial  school 
of  New  London  to  the  New  London  vocational  school 

Special  acts  of  1915,  page  315 

§  i  The  name  of  the  manual  training  and  industrial  school  of  New 
London,  incorporated  under  the  provisions  of  a  resolution  approved 
May  11,  1903,  is  hereby  changed  to  the  New  London  vocational  school. 

§  2  This  act  shall  take  effect  upon  its  acceptance  by  the  trustees 
of  said  school  in  a  meeting  duly  warned  and  held  for  that  purpose 
and  the  filing  of  a  copy  of  the  record  of  such  acceptance  in  the  office 
of  the  secretary  of  the  state. 


208 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of   New   London 
concerning  the  election  of  school  visitors 

Special  acts  of  1917,  page  1069 

§  i  At  any  annual  meeting  of  the  city  of  New  London  for  the 
election  of  officers,  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two  school' 
visitors,  and  the  three  persons  receiving  the  highest  number  of  votes 
for  such  office  shall  be  elected. 

§  2  This  act  shall  take  effect  upon  approval  by  a  majority  vote 
of  the  electors  of  the  city  of  New  London  at  any  annual  or  special 
meeting  held  for  that  purpose. 

An  act   authorizing  the   city  of   New   London   to   issue  bonds 
for  school  purposes 

Special  acts  1917,  page  932 

An  act  authorizing  the  city  of  New  London  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts,  1919,  page  164 

NEWTOWN 

An  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  in  the  town  of  Newtown 
Special  acts  of  1917,  page  940 
NORTH  STONINGTON 

Exempting  from  taxation  the  property  of  the  Wheeler  school  and 
library. 

Special  acts  1911,  page  299 

NORWALK 

An  act  consolidating  the  town  of  Norwalk  with  the  cities  of  Norwalk 
and  South  Norwalk  and  the  East  Norwalk  fire  district,  and  incor- 
porating the  city  of  Norwalk 

Special  acts  of  1913,  page  1042 

§  12  The  annual  meeting  of  the  electors  residing  in  said  taxing 
district  shall  be  held  on  the  third  Wednesday  of  September  for  the 
purpose  of  hearing  the  reports  of  the  commissioners  of  said  district, 
making  the  annual  appropriation  for  the  maintenance  of  the  public 
library,  and  acting  on  such  matters  as  may  be  properly  brought  before 
said  meeting.  Notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  said  meeting  shall  be 
given  by  said  board  of  commissioners  by  publishing  in  a  newspaper 
having  a  circulation  in  said  district  at  least  ten  days  before  said 
meeting,  which  notice  shall  set  forth  all  matters  to  be  considered  at 
such  meeting.  Special  meetings  of  said  district  may  be  called  in  like 
manner  by  said  board,  and  shall  be  called  upon  written  petition  of 
twenty-five  electors  of  said  district,  to  consider  and  act  upon  the 
matters  set  forth  in  said  notice  and  petition. 


2CX) 

Special  acts  of  1913,  page  1053 

§  50  There  shall  be  elected  on  said  first  Monday  of  October, 
1913,  a  board  of  education  of  nine  members,  three  to  hold  office  for 
two  years,  three  for  four  years,  and  three  for  six  years."  No  person 
shall  vote  for  more  than  five  of  said  members.  Said  nine  members 
when  elected  shall  enter  upon  their  duties  on  the  first  Monday  of 
January  succeeding  their  election.  Biennially  thereafter  there  shall 
be  chosen  three  members  of  said  board  of  education.  No  person  shall 
vote  for  more  than  two  of  said  members  and  said  three  members  when 
so  elected  shall  enter  upon  their  duties  on  the  first  Monday  of  January 
succeeding  their  election  and  shall  hold  office  for  a  term  of  six  years 
and  until  their  successors  are  elected  and  qualified.  Said  board  shall 
perform  the.  same  duties  and  have  the  same  powers  as  provided  by 
statute  for  town  school  committees. 

Special  acts  of  1913,  page  1085 
Special  acts  of  1919,  page  156 

§  162  From  the  first  day  of  October,  1913,  to  the  first  Monday 
of  January,  1914,  the  schools  of  said  town  shall  be  under  control  of 
the  school  committee  of  said  town  in  office  on  the  first  day  of  Octo- 
ber, 1913,  and  said  committee  shall  submit  to  the  treasurer  of  the 
city  the  estimate  provided  for  in  section  one  hundred  and  sixty-eight. 

§  163  The  members  of  the  present  school  committee  of  the 
town  of  Norwalk  shall  continue  in  office  for  the  respective  terms  for 
which  they  have  been  elected,  and  shall  continue  in  office  until  their 
successors  are  duly  elected  and  qualified,  with  the  same  duties  and 
authority  as  now  provided  by  law,  and  while  in  office  shall  act  as 
members  of  the  board  of  education  herein  provided  for. 

§  164  The  superintendent,  teachers,  and  other  persons  employed 
by  the  school  committee  of  said  town  at  the  passage  of  this  act  shall 
retain  their  respective  positions  for  the  terms  for  which  they  have 
been  appointed,  and  the  rules  •  and  regulations  concerning  schools 
shall  remain  in  force. 

§  165  The  territorial  limits  of  said  city  as  herein  described  shall 
be  one  school  district,  but  the  board  of  education  may  divide  the 
same  into  sub-districts  for  the  purpose  of  control  of  attendance  of 
pupils  to  certain  schools. 

§  166  There  shall  be  in  said  city  a  department  of  education  which 
shall  be  under  the  control  of  nine  members,  who  shall  be  known  as 
the  board  of  education  and  shall  be  elected  as  hereinbefore  provided. 
Said  board  shall  hold  a  regular  meeting  every  month,  and  shall,  at 
its  first  meeting  and  annually  thereafter,  elect  from  its  number  a 
chairman  who  shall  preside  at  all  meetings  of  said  board.  It  shall 
also  elect  from  its  number  a  secretary  who  shall  keep  a  record  of 
all  votes,  acts,  and  transactions  of  said  board,  and  shall  perform  all 
duties  imposed  upon  him  by  said  board  or  by  law.  Said  board  shall 


14 


210 

appoint  a  superintendent  of  schools  and  such  number  of  assistants, 
principals,  teachers,  and  janitors  as  it  may  deem  necessary,  and  pre- 
scribe their  respective  terms  of  office  and  their  duties. 

§  167  Said  board  shall  have  charge  and  direction  of  the  public 
schools  in  said  city  and  of  the  expenditure  of  moneys  appropriated 
for  the  support  of  the  same,  shall  keep  all  the  school  buildings  and 
apparatus  used  therein  in  good  condition  and  repair,  and  shall  have 
the  powers  and  be  subject  to  the  general  duties  and  limitations  of 
boards  of  education,  school  committees,  and  school  visitors  in  this 
state,  so  far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  act. 
It  shall  make  its  by-laws,  define  the  duties  of  its  officers  and  commit- 
tees, and  prescribe  rules  and  regulations  for  discipline  in  said  public 
schools. 

§  168  Said  board  shall,  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  day  of  May, 
in  each  year,  submit  to  the  treasurer  of  sa/id  city  a  detailed  estimate 
of  the  expenses  for  the  support  of  said  schools  for  the  ensuing  year, 
specifying  as  far  as  possible  the  items  of  such  expense,  and  shall  at 
the  end  of  each  fiscal  year,  transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of 
its  proceedings  during  said  year,  with  a  statement  showing  the  total 
amount  of  money  received  and  expended  for  the  support  of  said 
schoofs,  and,  at  least  once  in  each  month,  shall  transmit  to  the  mayor 
a  detailed  statement  of  the  expenses  incurred  during  the  preceding 
month,  and  said  expenses  shall  be  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  other 
expenses  of  said  city. 

§  169  On  and  after  the  first  day  of  January,  1914,  the  salaries 
of  the  several  officers  of  the  city  and  town  of  Norwalk  shall  be  paid 
monthly,  and  shall  be  as  follows:  The  mayor  shall  receive  one 
thousand  dollars  per  annum ;  the  councilmen  each  one  hundred  dol- 
lars per  annum;  the  clerk  twelve  hundred  dollars  per  annum;  the 
treasurer  five  hundred  dollars  per  annum;  the  collector  fifteen  hun- 
dred dollars  per  annum ;  each  assessor  five  hundred  dollars  per  annum ; 
each  member  o'f  the  board  of  relief  fifty  dollars  per  annum;  the 
auditor  five  hundred  dollars  per  annum ;  the  selectmen  of  said  town 
each  fifty  dollars  per  annum. 

§  170  The  salaries  of  the  superintendent  of  schools,  and  his 
assistants,  and  the  principals,  teachers,  janitors,  and  secretary  ap- 
pointed by  the  board  of  education  shall  be  as  fixed  by  said  board. 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Norwalk  to  issue  bonds 

Special  acts  of   1913,  page  879 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  946 

An  act  concerning  control  of  Norwalk  high  school 
§  i  The  town  school  committee  of  the  town  of  Norwalk  shall 
have  the  management  and  control  of  the  Norwalk  high  school,  and 
shall  have  the  same  powers  and  perform  the  same  duties  in  the  man- 
agement and  charge  of  said  high  school  as  the  Norwalk  high  school 
committee  has  at  the  passage  of  this  act,  and  such  powers  as  said 


211 

town  school  committee  ha£,  in  the  care,  management,  and  control  of 
other  schools  in  said  town. 

§  2  All  the  provisions  of  chapter  146  of  the  public  acts  of  1909 
shall  apply  to  said  town  of  Norwalk,  and  to  the  school  districts  therein, 
except  that  the  school  committee,  now  composed  of  the  school  visitors 
and  the  chairman  of  the  districts  within  the  town,  shall  continue  a 
joint  board  having  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  school  committee 
created  by  said  act,  until  the  first  Monday  of  October,  1913,  and  the 
assessors  of  said  town  in  office  at  the  passage  of  this  act  shall,  on  or 
before  the  thirtieth  day  of  September,  1913,  appraise  the  property  of 
the  school  districts  within  the  town,  and  at  the  meeting  of  said  town 
next  held  for  the  purpose  of  laying  a  tax  after  said  thirtieth  day  of 
September,  1913,  an  equalization  tax  shall  be  levied  upon  the  grand 
list  of  the  town  then  completed  for  the  purposes  mentioned  in  said  act, 
the  rate  of  said  tax  to  be  determined  and  fixed  in  the  same  manner  as 
town  taxes  are  determined  and  fixed  in  said  town. 

§  3  So  much  of  the  act  establishing  the  Norwalk  high  school 
and  any  amendment  of  the  same,  as  is  inconsistent  herewith  is  hereby 
repealed. 

§  4  All  acts  performed  since  said  first  Monday  of  October, 
1911,  by  said  town  of  Norwalk  and  any  of  its  officers,  and  by  any 
school  district  situated  within  said  town,  and  any  of  said  school  dis- 
trict officers  in  the  care,  control,  and  management  of  the  schools 
within  said  town  are  hereby  validated  and  confirmed. 

§  5  Section  one  of  this  act  shall  take  effect  on  July  i,  1913,  and 
thereafter  no  high  school  committee,  or  any  member  or  members 
thereof  shall  be  elected,  nor  shall  such  high  school  committee  have  any 
further  control  over  said  high  school  after  said  date,  and  all  other 
sections  of  this  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 

An  act  amending  an  act  consolidating  the  town  of  Norwalk  with  the 
cities  of  Norwalk  and  South  Norwalk  and  the  East  Norwalk  fire 
district,  and  incorporating  the  city  of  Norwalk. 

BOARD   OF  ESTIMATE   AND   TAXATION 

Special  acts  of  1915,  page  486,  section  3 

ORANGE 

Special  acts  of   1899,  page  269 
Union  school  district  of  Orange 

§  i  The  Union  school  district  of  the  town  of  Orange  may,  at  its 
next  annual  meeting,  vote  upon  the  question  of  whether  or  not  said 
district  will  adopt  the  form  of  school  government  provided  for  in 
sections,  2130,  2131,  2132,  2133,  and  2134  oi  the  general  statutes,  and 
if  a  majority  of  the  voters  of  said  district  shall  at  said  meeting  vote 
in  favor  of  adopting  said  form  of  government,  then  the  officers  of  said 
district  elected  at  said  annual  meeting  shall  hold  office  until  the  third 
Monday  of  September,  1899. 


212 

§  2  If  said  district  shall  vote  to  adopt  said  form  of  government, 
then  said  district  shall  hold  its  annual  meeting  on  the  third  Monday  of 
September,  1899,  and  annually  thereafter;  and  at  the  annual  meeting 
held  on  the  third  Monday  of  September,  1899,  elect  the  officers  provided 
for  in  said  section  2130  of  the  general  statutes,  and  shall  elect  two 
members  of  a  board  of  education  to  serve  for  one  year,  two  members 
to  serve  for  two  years,  and  two  members  to  serve  for  three  years,  and 
annually  thereafter  two  members  to  serve  for  three  years,  as  provided 
in  said  statutes. 

§  3  Upon  said  district  voting  as  herein  provided,  and  upon  the 
election  of  officers  of  said  district  as  provided  in  section  two,  said  dis- 
trict and  said  officers  shall  have  all  the  powers,  rights  and  duties,  and 
be  subject  to  all  the  obligations  imposed  upon  school  districts  so 
organized  as  provided  in  sections  2130,  2131,  2132,  2133  and  2134  of  the 
general  statutes,  and  all  other  acts  relating  to  school  districts  so  far  as 
the  same  are  applicable;  and  in  case  of  a  vacancy  occurring  in  any 
office,  the  board  of  education  may  fill  the  same  till  the  next  annual 
meeting. 

§  4  The  adoption  by  said  district  of  said  form  of  government  shall 
in  no  manner  affect  the  rights,  property,  or  obligations  of  said  school 
district,  but  the  same  shall  continue  in  the  same  manner  as  if  this  act 
had  not  been  passed,  and  shall  be  administered,  adjusted,  and  liquidated 
by  said  district  and  by  the  officers  elected  in  pursuance  of  this  act,  in 
lieu  of  the  officers  now  administering  the  same,  and  all  debts  due  said 
district  and  all  obligations  due  from  said  district  shall  be  collected  and 
paid  by  said  district  and  by  the  officers  elected  hereunder  to  the  same 
extent  as  if  this  act  had  not  been  passed. 

§  5  If  said  district  shall  vote  to  adopt  said  form  of  government, 
the  school  visitors  of  the  town  of  Orange  shall  only  have  jurisdiction 
in  the  remaining  portion  of  the  town  after  the  third  Monday  of  Sep- 
tember, 1899. 

§  6    This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 

ORANGE 

Special  acts  1911,  page  386 

Amending  a  resolution  authorizing  the  Union  school  district  of  the 
town  of  Orange' and  the  Orange' center  school  district  of  the  town 
of  Orange  to  issue  bonds,  and  authorizing  the  northern  school 
district  to  issue  bonds. 

Special  acts  1911,  pages  304-313 

An  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  for  the  town  of  Orange,  increasing 
the   powers   of  the   selectmen,   and   repealing  the   charter   of 
the  borough   of  West  Haven 

Special  acts  1917,  page  1186 


213 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  town  of   Orange  concerning 
powers  of  the  board  of  finance 

RlDGEFIELD 

An  act  authorizing  the  town   of  Ridgefield  to   issue  bonds 
Special  acts,   1913,  page  746 

An  act  amending  an  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  in  the  town   of 

Ridgefield 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  47 

ROCKY  HILL 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Rocky  Hill  to  issue  school  bonds 
Special  acts,   1915,  page   121 

SEYMOUR 

An  act  creating  a  department  of  finance  in  the  town  of  Seymour 
Special  acts  of  1917,  page  853 

STAMFORD 

Special    acts    1911,    page    205 
Authorizing  the  town   of   Stamford  to  issue  bonds   for  schools 

An  act  concerning  a  board  of  directors  of  public  playgrounds  of  the 
town  oi   Stamford 

Special   acts,    1913,   page   943 

An   act   amending   an   act   concerning   a   board   of   directors   of   public 
playgrounds  of  the  town  of  Stamford 

Special  acts  1919,  page  50 

§  i  Section  one  of  an  act  concerning  a  board  of  directors  of 
public  playgrounds  of  the  town  of  Stamford,  approved  June  4,  1913, 
is  amended  to  read  as  follows:  There  shall  be  a  board  of  directors 
of  public  recreation  in  the  town  of  Stamford,  whose  members  shall 
serve  without  compensation. 

§  2  Section  two  of  said  act  is  amended  to  read  as  follows:  Said 
board  shall  have  control,  for  the  purpose  of  conducting  playgrounds 
for  children,  recreation  centers  and  related  activities,  of  all  lands 
and  buildings  and  parts  thereof  which  it  may  acquire  the  right  to 
use  for  such  purpose  by  permission  of  any  person,  corporation  or 
public  body,  having  control  thereof,  and  may  make  rules  and  regula- 
tions for  the  government  thereof,  during  such  periods  as  such  use 
shall  be  so  permitted,  may  employ  such  persons  as  it  shall  deeirj 


214 

necessary  and  may  acquire,  in  behalf  of  said  town,  equipment  or  the 
use  of  the  same  for  such  playgrounds  and  other  activities,  may  lease 
land  and  buildings  or  parts  thereof,  and  may  receive  gifts  of  money 
or  property  for  the  purposes  of  this  act,  but  said  board  shall  not 
have  power  to  bind  said  town  by  any  contract  except  with  respect 
to  funds  in  the  hands  of  said  board. 

§  3  Section  three  of  said  act  is  amended  to  read  as  follows: 
During  the  month  of  October,  1919,  and  after  the  first  Monday 
thereof,  the  school  committee  and  the  selectmen  of  the  town  of 
Stamford  shall  meet  in  joint  session  and  shall  elect  from  the  male 
and  female  inhabitants  of  said  town  of  Stamford  not  less  than  five 
nor  more  than  ten  members  of  such  board.  The  members  of  said 
board  shall  be  divided  with  respect  to  their  terms  of  office  into  three 
classes,  the  terms  of  office  of  the  members  of  each  class  expiring  on 
the  first  Monday  of  October,  1920,  1921  and  1922,  respectively.  Said 
classes  shall  be  as  nearly  equal  in  number  as  the  membership  of  said 
board  will  permit.  In  electing  said  members,  such  joint  board  shall 
determine  to  which  class  they  shall  belong,  and  thereafter  during 
the  month  of  October  after  the  first  Monday  thereof,  in  each  year, 
such  joint  board  shall  elect  for  a  term  of  three  years  successors  to 
those  members  whose  terms  have  expired.  Such  joint  board  may  at 
any  time  increase  the  number  of  said  directors  by  election  of  one  or 
more  additional  members,  and  may,  in  its  discretion,  omit  to  elect  a 
successor  to  any  member  whose  term  shall  have  expired  or  whose 
office  shall  have  become  vacant,  provided  the  membership  of  said  board 
of  directors  shall  not  be  increased  above  ten  or  allowed  to  remain 
below  five  and  in  every  case  in  which  the  membership  of  said  board 
shall  be  increased  said  classes  shall  be  kept  as  nearly  equal  numerically 
as  possible. 

§  4  Section  four  of  said  act  is  amended  to  read  as  follows: 
The  secretary  of  the  school  committee  shall  be  the  secretary  of  such 
joint  board  and  the  minutes  of  the  meetings  thereof  shall  be  recorded 
with  the  minutes  of  said  school  committee,  and  the  first  selectman 
shall  call  the  meeting  of  such  joint  board  and  in  case  of  his  failure 
so  to  do,  a  majority  of  the  members  of  said  joint  board  may  call 
such  meeting.  Such  joint  board  shall  provide  for  the  first  meeting 
and  organization  of  said  board  of  directors.  Said  board  of  directors 
shall,  at  its  first  meeting,  and  annually  thereafter  at  its  first  meeting 
after  such  annual  meeting  of  such  joint  board  for  the  election  of  its 
members,  elect  a  chairman,  a  secretary  and  a  treasurer. 

§  5  Section  eight  of  said  act  is  amended  to  read  as  follows : 
The  town  and  the  city  of  Stamford  are  severally  empowered  to 
appropriate  money  for  the  use  of  said  board  of  directors  and  to 
pay  the  same  to  said  board,  and  every  officer  or  public  body  of  the 
town  or  city  of  Stamford,  having  control  of  land  or  buildings  with 
said  town  or  city  may  permit  said  board  of  directors  to  use  the  same 
or  part  thereof  for  such  playgrounds,  recreation  centers  or  other 
related  activities. 


215 

§  6  The  secretary  of  said  board  of  directors  shall  keep  a  record 
of  all  its  proceedings  in  a  book  which  shall  be  provided  for  that  pur- 
pose at  the  expense  of  the  town  of  Stamford,  and  shall  submit  to  the 
town  of  Stamford  at  its  annual  town  meeting  a  written  report  of  the 
doings  of  said  board  of  directors.  Said  board  of  directors  and  its 
officers  shall  preserve  all  books  and  documents  of  permanent  value 
which  shall  come  into  their  hands  by  virtue  of  their  offices  and  trans- 
mit them  to  their  successors. 

§  7  The  treasurer  of  said  board  of  directors  shall  receive  and 
disburse  all  funds  of  said  board  and  shall  perform  the  duties  incident 
to  said  office  under  the  direction  of  said  board  and  shall  give  such  bond 
with  surety  for  the  faithful  performance  of  his  duties  as  said  board  of 
directors  shall  determine. 

§  8  The  town  and  the  city  of  Stamford  are  hereby  severally 
empowered  to  appropriate  money  for  the  use  of  said  board  of  directors 
and  to  pay  the  same  to  said  board,  and  every  officer  or  public  body  of 
the  town  or  city  of  Stamford,  having  control  of  land  within  said  town 
or  city  may  permit  said  board  of  directors  to  use  the  same  or  part 
thereof  for  such  playgrounds. 

§  9    This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 

An  act  revising  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Stamford 

Special   acts,   1915,  page   589 

CITY  COURT 

§  234  Criminal  process  issued  by  said  court  may  be  served  by 
any  policeman  of  said  city,  within  his  jurisdiction,  or  by  any  proper 
officer,  or  by  any  indifferent  person  specially  deputed  for  that  purpose. 
Whenever  said  court  shall,  in  the  manner  provided  by  law,  sentence 
juvenile  offenders  to  any  reform  school  or  other  institution  legally 
authorized  to  receive  such  offenders,  the  proper  officer  of  said  school 
or  institution  shall  receive  and  keep  such  offenders  according  to  the 
rules  and  discipline  of  the  same,  and  according  to  law;  and  all  persons 
sentenced  by  said  court  to  imprisonment  in  the  county  jail  or  work- 
house, in  cases  within  its  jurisdiction,  shall  be  received  and  kept  by 
the  keepers  thereof  according  to  law. 

Special  acts  of  1919,  page  312 

An  act  validating  the  election  of   a  board  of  finance  in  the 
town  of  Stamford 

STRATFORD 

Special  acts,  1917,  page  1216 

An  act  amending  an  act  creating  a  board  of  finance  for  the  town  of 
Stratford,  increasing  the  powers  of  the  selectmen  and  providing 
for  election  by  direct  primary. 

Special  acts  of  1919,  pagje  232 
An   act  authorizing  the  town  of  Stratford  to  issue  bonds 


2l6 
TORRINGTON 

An   act   authorizing   the   town    of   Torrington   to   issue   bonds 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  910 
An    act   authorizing   the   town    of   Torrington    to    issue    bonds 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  29 

VOLUNTOWN 

Public  acts   1911,  chapter  71 

§  i  The  town  of  Voluntown  shall  have  jurisdiction  of  the  schools 
which,  prior  to  the  passage  of  chapter  146  of  the  public  acts  of  1909, 
were  maintained  in  the  joint  district  known  as  the  fourth  school  district 
of  the  town  of  Voluntown,  and  the  towns  of  Voluntown  and  Griswold 
shall  apportion  the  cost  of  the  maintenance  of  the  schools  in  said 
district  under  the  provisions  of  section  2276  of  the  general  statutes  in 
the  same  manner  as  before  the  passage  of  said  chapter  146  of  the 
public  acts  of  1909. 

§  2  ^The  inhabitants  of  that  portion  of  the  territory,  formerly  in- 
cluded in  said  fourth  school  district,  which  is  situated  in  said  town  of 
Griswold  shall  have  power  to  levy  and  collect  taxes  on  the  property 
located  therein  for  the  support  of  said  schools  and  for  the  erection, 
maintenance,  repair,  equipment,  and  furnishings  of  the  school  building, 
to  supply  said  building  with  fuel,  and  to  purchase  school  apparatus,  and 
shall  also  have  power  to  borrow  money  for  the  foregoing  purposes. 

Public  acts  1911,  chapter  223 

Section  two  of  chapter  71  of  the  public  acts  of  1911  is  hereby 
amended  to  read  as  follows :  The  inhabitants  of  that  portion  of  the 
territory,  formerly  included  in  said  fourth  school  district,  which  is 
situated  in  said  town  of  Griswold,  shall  have  the  right  to  a  voice  and 
vote,  equally  with  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Voluntown,  in  all 
matters  pertaining  to  the  maintenance  and  equipment  of  schools  in 
said  former  fourth  school  district,  and  the  selectmen  of  the  town  of 
Voluntown  shall  include  the  inhabitants  of  said  territory  in  all  warn- 
ings of  school  meetings  at  which  matters  pertaining  to  said  schools  are 
to  be  acted  upon,  and  the  inhabitants  of  said  territory,  with  the  inhabit- 
ants of  the  town  of  Voluntown,  in  such  meetings  assembled,  shall  have 
power  to  levy  and  collect  taxes  on  the  property  located  in  said  terri- 
tory as  well  as  in  the  town  of  Voluntown  for  the  support  of  said 
schools  and  for  the  erection,  maintenance,  repair,  equipment,  and  fur- 
nishings of  the  school  building,  to  supply  said  building  with  fuel,  and 
to  purchase  school  apparatus,  and  shall  also  have  power  to  borrow 
money  for  said  purposes,  and  the  persons  chosen  to  collect  school  taxes 
in  said  town  of  Voluntown  shall  have  authority  to  collect  school  taxes 
in  said  territory. 


217 

WALLINGFORD 

An  act  authorizing  the  Central  school  district  of  Wallingford  to  issue 

bonds 

Special  acts  1913,  page  732 

An  act  unifying  the  assessment  and  collection  of  taxes  and  creating  a 
board  of  finance  in  the  town  of  Wallingford 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  751 

§  9  There,  shall  be  in  said  town  a  board  of  finance  of  seven 
members,  of  which  board  the  first  selectman  of  said  town,  the  warden 
of  said  borough,  the  chairman  of  the  board  of  water  commissioners  of 
said  borough,  and  the  chairman  of  the  central  school  district  committee 
shall  be  ex-officio  members.  During  the  month  of  December,  1913,  and 
in  the  month  of  December  biennially  thereafter,  said  ex-officio  members 
shall  appoint  three  additional  members  to  serve  on  said  board,  each  for 
the  term  of  two  years  from  the  first  Monday  of  January  following  his 
appointment,  who  shall  be  men  of  known  business  experience  and  good 
standing,  and  taxpayers  residing  in  said  town,  and  holding  no  political 
office  in  said  town,  borough,  or  school  district.  The  members  of  said 
board  shall  serve  without  pay,  and  shall  be  sworn  to  a  faithful  per- 
formance of  their  duties,  and  shall  appoint  a  clerk,  who -may  be  of 
their  own  number,  who  shall  keep  a  record  of  the  votes  and  doings  of 
said  board.  Said  board  shall,  from  time  to  time,  examine  the  condition 
of  the  finances  of  said  town,  borough,  school  district,  the  water  fund, 
and  the  electric  light  funds  of  said  borough,  and  the  cash  balances  in 
the  hands  of  their  respective  treasurers,  whose  books  shall  be  open  at 
all  times  to  the  inspection  of  said  board  of  finance.  Either  of  said 
treasurers  shall  be  authorized,  with  the  approval  of  said  board  of 
finance,  expressed  by  its  majority  vote,  and  it  shall  be  his  duty  when 
requested  by  such  vote,  to  loan  for  and  in  the  name  of  his  community 
or  department,  to  either  of  the  other  communities  or  departments,  de- 
siring a  loan  for  its  temporary  requiremnets,  such  surplus  cash  funds 
as  he  may  have  available,  taking  the  demand  note  of  such  borrower 
authorized  to  be  made  for  such  temporary  loan,  payable  at  such  rate  of 
interest,  or  without  interest,  as  such  board  of  finance  shall  determine. 
Said  treasurers,  or  either  of  them,  when  directed  by  vote  of  said  board 
may  loan  to  any  bank  or  trust  company  in  this  state,  approved  by  said 
board,  any  surplus  funds  in  his  hands,  not  required  to  be  deposited  for 
current  use,  subject  to  call,  at  such  rate  of  interest  as  may  be  obtained 
to  the  best  advantage  therefor. 

WATERBURY 

Special  acts  of  1899,  page  498 
Special  acts  of  1915,  page  304 

§  i  The  territorial  limits  of  the  body  politic  and  corporate  existing 
under  the  name  of  the  city  of  Waterbury  shall  hereafter  include  all 


218 

land  and  territory  situated  within  the  limits  of  the  Center  school  dis- 
trict of  Waterbury  as  now  or  hereafter  defined. 

§  2  There  shall  be  in  the  city  of  Waterbury  a  department  of  educa- 
tion which  shall  have  the  care  and  management  of  all  the  property  and 
affairs  of  the  Center  school  district  of  Waterbury.  After  this  act  shall 
take  effect  no  meeting  of  said  Center  school  district  shall  be  held  for 
any  purpose  whatever. 

§  3  Said  department  shall,  from  the  first  Monday  of  January,  1916, 
be  under  the  control  of  the  board  of  education,  consisting  of  the  mayor, 
who  shall  be  ex-officio  chairman,  and  nine  members,,  who  shall  be 
elected  at  the  meetings  of  said  city  for  the  election  of  officers,  as  fol- 
lows: On  the  Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  of  October,  1915,  the 
electors  of  said  city  shall  elect,  in  the  manner  provided  for  the  election 
of  city  officers  in  said  city,  from  their  number,  three  members  of  the 
board  of  education  to  serve  for  two  years  from  the  first  Monday  in 
January,  1916,  and  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two  of  such 
members;  three  members  to  serve  for  four  years  from  said  first 
Monday  of  January,  1916,  and  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two 
of  such  members;  three  members  to  serve  for  six  years  from  said  first 
Monday  of  January,  1916,  and  no  person  shall  vote  for  more  than  two 
of  such  members.  At  the  city  election  to  be  held  in  said  city  on  the 
Tuesday  after  the  first  Monday  of  October,  1917,  and  biennially  there- 
after, the  legal  voters  of  said  city  shall  elect  from  their  number  three 
members  of  the  board  of  education  to  serve  for  six  years  from  the  first 
Monday  of  January  next  following  their  election,  and  no  person  shall 
vote  for  more  than  two  of  such  members.  The  provisions  of  the 
charter  of  said  city  in  relation  to  the  powers  and  duties  of  city  officers 
shall  apply  to  members  of  the  board  of  education,  and  said  members 
shall  hold  office  until  their  successors  are  duly  elected  and  qualified. 

§  4  In  case  a  vacancy  shall  occur  in  the  membership  of  said  board 
of  education,  such  vacancy  shall  be  filled  by  the  board  of  aldermen  of 
said  city,  at  a  meeting  specially  called  for  that  purpose,  by  ballot,  and 
the  person  so  chosen  by  said  board  of  aldermen  shall  hold  office  for 
the  unexpired  term  and  until  his  successor  is  duly  elected  and  qualified. 

§  5  The  members  of  said  board  of  education  shall  receive  such 
compensation  for  their  services  as  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  board  of 
aldermen. 

§  6  Said  board  shall  hold  regular  meetings  every  month,  and 
special  meetings  at  such  times  as  it  may  appoint  or  the  mayor  may  call. 
Except  in  case  of  a  tie,  the  mayor  shall  have  no  vote  in  any  meeting. 

§  7  The  board  of  education  shall  appoint  a  superintendent  of 
schools,  and  shall  decide  the  number  of  principals,  assistants,  and 
teachers  to  be  employed.  It  may  appoint  or  employ  a  clerk,  an  inspec- 
tor of  buildings,  and  such  other  officers  and  employees  as  may  be 
necessary  for  the  proper 'conduct  of  its  business.  It  shall  fix  their 
salaries,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  board  of  finance,  and  prescribe 
their  terms  of  office,  and  their  duties,  in  each  case,  except  as  herein- 
after provided.  The  officers  and  employees  of  the  Center  school  dis- 


219 

trict,  at  the  time  when  this  act  shall  take  effect,  shall  retain  their  re- 
spective offices  until  their  successors  shall  be  chosen  and  duly  qualified, 
and  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  board  of  education  and  district 
committee  then  in  existence,  not  inconsistent  with  this  act,  shall  remain 
in  full  force  until  repealed.  The  board  of  education  .herein  provided  for 
shall  have  the  entire  charge  and  direction  of  all  public  schools  of  said 
district,  and  of  the  expenditure  of  all  moneys  appropriated  for  the  sup- 
port of  the  same,  and  shall  have  power  to  construct,  manage,  and  repair 
all  school  buildings,  and  shall  possess  all  other  powers  and  be  subject 
to  all  of  the  general  duties  of  boards  of  education,  school  committees, 
and  school  visitors  in  this  state,  so  far  as  the  same  are  consistent  with 
the  terms  of  this  act.  It  shall  make  its  own  by-laws,  keep  a  journal  of 
its  proceedings,  define  the  duties  of  its  officers  and  committees,  and  pre- 
scribe such  rules  and  regulations  for  discipline  in  the  said  public 
schools  as  are  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  the  state. 

§  8  The  superintendent  of  schools  shall  be  appointed  for  the  term 
of  two  years,  and  his  salary  shall  not  be  increased  or  decreased  during 
any  term  except  in  the  manner  provided  by  the  charter  of  said  city. 
He  shall  not  be  removed  during  said  term  except  by  the  vote  of  five 
members  of  the  board  of  education.  He  shall  appoint  from  those 
eligible  under  the  rules  of  the  board  all  principals,  assistants,  and 
teachers  necessary  to  fill  positions  authorized  by  the  board.  He  shall 
assign  all  principals,  assistants,  and  teachers  to  their  respective  posi- 
tions, and  reassign  them  or  dismiss  them  from  office  at  his  discretion. 
He  shall  report  at  each  meeting  of  the  board  all  appointments,  reassign- 
ments,  and  dismissals,  made  by  him  since  the  previous  meeting.  Any 
appointment  by  the  superintendent  may  be  rejected  by  a  vote  of  the 
majority  of  the  board.  Any  dismissal  by  the  superintendent  shall  be 
final  unless  reversed  by  a  vote  of  a  majority  of  the  board  at  the  meeting 
when  such  dismissal  is  reported.  Notice  of  dismissal  on  the  part  of 
the  superintendent  shall  be  given  to  the  principal,  assistant,  or  teacher 
by  the  superintendent  in  writing  at  least  one  week  before  the  meeting 
of  the  board  when  the  superintendent  reports  such  dismissal.  He  shall, 
with  the  approval  of  the  board  of  education,  prescribe  the  course  of 
study  in  all  the  schools,  but  the  text-books  to  be  used  in  said  courses 
shall  be  designated  by  the  board.  The  superintendent  shall  annually, 
at  a  date  to  be  fixed  by  the  board,  submit  to  the  board  a  full  report  of 
the  work  and  condition  of  the  schools  during  the  previous  year,  with 
recommendations  for  the  ensuing  year,  which  report,  when  accepted  by 
the  board,  shall  form  part  of  its  report  to  the  mayor.  He  shall  also 
report,  each  month  during  the  school  year,  to  the  board  in  writing,  any 
changes  made  in  the  course  of  study,  and  what  principals,  assistants, 
and  teachers  he  has  assigned,  reassigned,  or  dismissed,  and  shall 
furnish  such  additional  information  regarding  the  condition  of  the 
schools  and  the  efficiency  of  the  teaching  force  as  may  be  required  by 
the  board.  Said  monthly  reports  shall  be  entered,  in  a  suitable  book 
provided  for  that  purpose,  and  shall  be  kept  as  part  of  the  records  of 
the  department. 


220 

§  g  The  treasurer  of  the  city  shall  receive  the  amount  of  school 
money  to  which  the  district  is  entitled  from  the  school  moneys  of  the 
state,  from  the  town  of  Waterbury,  from  state  appropriations  for 
school  purposes,  from  gifts,  and  from  the  tax  laid  within  the  district 
for  school  purposes,  which  moneys  shall  be  subject  to  the  order  of  the 
board  of  education  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  board  of 
finance  may  from  time  to  time  establish. 

§  10  The  board  of  education  shall  submit  to  the  board  of  finance 
of  the  city,  at  the  time  fixed  by  law  for  the  submission  of  the  estimates 
of  the  other  departments  of  said  city,  a  detailed  estimate  of  its  ex- 
penses for  the  next  year  for  which  the  appropriations  for  city  purposes 
are  by  law  required  to  be  made,  specifying  separately  the  sums  needed 
for  current  and  special  expenses. 

§  ii  The  provisions  of  sections  92  and  93  of  the  charter  of  the  city 
of  Waterbury  shall  apply  to  such  estimates,  and  to  all  taxes  and  appro- 
priations based  thereon ;  but  no  tax  shall  be  laid  upon  any  property 
lying  outside  of  the  present  limits  of  the  city  of  Waterbury  and  within 
the  limits  of  said  city  as  hereby  established  at  a  rate  exceeding  one-half 
of  the  rate  of  taxation  upon  property  lying  within  the  present  limits 
of  said  city. 

§  12  The  board  of  education  shall  annually,  at  a  date  fixed  by  the 
mayor,  transmit  to  the  mayor  a  full  report  of  its  proceedings  during 
the  previous  year,  together  with  a  statement  of  its  receipts  and  ex- 
penditures, specifying  those  on  account  of  current  expenses  and  special 
expenses  for  land  and  buildings  respectively,  with  such  other  details  as 
the  mayor  may  from  time  to  time  require. 

§  13  Said  board  shall  have  power  to  divide  the  school  district  into, 
as  many  sub-districts  as  it  may  deem  advisable,'  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  limits  within  which  children  may  attend  each  school. 

§  14  The  city  of  Waterbury,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
board  of  education,  shall  have  power  to  take  sites  for  schoolhouses,  or 
for  the  enlargement  of  sites  already  acquired,  in  the  manner  provided 
by  law  for  taking  of  land  for  public  parks. 

§  15  The  title  to  all  property,  legal  or  equitable,  owned  by  said 
district,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  acquired  for  school  purposes  in 
said  district,  is  hereby  vested  in  the  board  of  education,  as  trustee  for 
said  Center  school  district. 

§  16  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  to  restrict  the  right  of 
any  woman  to  vote  at  any  meeting  held  for  the  purpose  of  choosing 
any  officer  oi  schools,  or  for  any  educational  purpose  under  the  general 
or  special  laws  of  this  state,  and  nothing  herein  shall  confer  upon  any 
woman  the  right  to  vote  for  the  mayor  of  said  city  of  Waterbury  or  for 
any  other  city  officer. 

Amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Waterbury  and  consolidating  the 
governments  of  the  town  and  city  of  Waterbury 

Special  acts  of  1901,  page  858 
§  10     All    liabilities,    debts,    and    obligations    owing    on    said    first 


221 

Monday  of  January,  1902,  from  or  by  the  city  or  Center  school  district 
of  Waterbury,  shall  remain  a  liability,  debt,  and  obligation  upon  the 
persons  and  property  with  the  second  district  hereinbefore  described, 
and  any  indebtedness,  bonded  or  otherwise,  thereafter  incurred  for  any 
purposes  within  said  second  district  not  in  this  act  provided  to  be  paid 
"by  said  first  district,  including  disposal  of  sewage,  shall  be  assumed 
solely  by  the  said  second  district. 

§  ii  The  several  school  districts  of  the  town  of  Waterbury,  out- 
side of  said  second  district,  shall  continue  to  remain  as  school  districts 
with  the  same  territorial  limits,  rights,  powers,  and  obligations  as  now 
existing  with  the  exception  as  set  forth  in  section  seven  of  this  act,  and 
the  obligations  now  imposed  upon  the  town  of  Waterbury,  with  respect 
to  the  support  of  schools  outside  of  said  second  district,  are  hereby 
imposed  upon  said  city  of  Waterbury  and  shall  be  an  expense  incurred 
t>y  and  chargeable  to  the  first  district  hereinbefore  described. 

§  12  Whenever  twerityrfive  electors  residing  in  any  one  of  said 
school  districts  shall  petition  the  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city  that 
the  school  district  within  which  they  reside  may  be  brought  under  the 
full  jurisdiction  of  the  second  district  heretofore  described,  so  that  the 
persons  and  property  within  said  school  district  may  secure  from  the 
•government  of  said  city  the  same  benefits  and  be  subject  to  the  same 
obligations  as  persons  and  property  within  said  second  district,  said 
board  of  aldermen,  after  due  hearing,  shall  fix  a  day  on  which  all  legal 
voters  residing  within  the  limits  of  said  school  district  may  vote  upon 
the  question  whether  they  are  in  favor  of  or  opposed  to  said  petition. 
And  if  on  said  day  a  majority  of  the  votes  cast  within  said  school 
district  shall  be  found  in  favor  of  having  said  petition  granted,  said 
board  of  aldermen  shall  grant  the  same  and  make  an  order  that  the 
said  school  district,  together  with  its  inhabitants  and  property,  shall 
thereafter  be  and  remain  under  the  full  jurisdiction  of  the  said  second 
•district,  and  such  order  shall  have  the  same  force  and  effect  as  if  it 
formed  a  part  of  this  act,  and  said  school  district  shall  then  be  deemed 
to  have  been  abolished  as  a  school  district. 

§  13  The  board  of  education  of  said  city  shall,  on  and  after  the 
first  Monday  of  January,  1902,  have  and  possess  all  of  the  powers  and 
duties  vested  in  town  school  visitors  by  the  general  statutes.  Said 
board  shall  have  the  power,  at  its  discretion,  of  admitting  any  child 
resident  in  any  of  the  several  school  districts  outside  of  said  second 
taxation  district  to  any  graded  school  within  said  second  district,  and 
shall  admit  any  such  child  to  the  high  school  within  said  district,  if 
such  child  shall  be  qualified  for  admission  thereto,  upon  payment  of 
such  annual  fee  as  may  be  determined  upon  by  said  board  of  education. 
Such  fee  shall  be  paid  by  said  city  and  be  an  expense  of  and  chargeable 
to  the  said  first  taxation  district,  provided,  that  not  more  than  thirty 
dollars  shall  be  paid  for  each  scholar  attending  such  schools  from  any 
of  said  several  school  districts. 


222 

Amending   a    resolution    authorizing   the    city   of   Waterbury   to   issue 
school  bonds  and  improvement  bonds 

Special  acts  1911,  page  10 

An  act  authorizing  the  city  of  Waterbury  to  issue   school  bonds 
Special  acts,   1913,  page  985 

An  act  amending  the  charter  of  the  Waterbury  industrial  school 
Special   acts,    1913,   page   816 

§  i  The  resolution  amending  the  charter  of  the  Waterbury  in- 
dustrial school,  approved  May  3,  1895,  is  hereby  amended  by  striking 
out  in  section  one  thereof  the  words  "  nbt  exceeding  one  hundred 
thousand  dollars "  and  inserting  in  lieu  thereof  the  words  "  not  ex- 
ceeding three  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars." 

§  2  The  purpose  of  said  corporation  shall  be  to  provide  for 
the  social  welfare  of  girls,  including  education  and  recreation,  to 
furnish  assistance  to  the  needy,  and  to  do  other  charitable  and  benev- 
olent work. 

§  3  All  acts  of  said  corporation  and  all  gifts,  devises,  and  be- 
quests made  to  said  corporation  prior  to  the  approval  of  this  act  are 
hereby  validated  and  confirmed. 

An  act  authorizing  the  city  of  Waterbury  to  issue  high  school  bonds 
Special  acts,   1915,  page  114 

An    act    authorizing    the    city    of    Waterbury    to    issue    school    bonds 
Special  acts,  1915,  page  115 

An  act  concerning  school  improvement  bonds  of  the  city  of  Waterbury 
Special  acts,  1915,  page  126 

An   act   amending   the   charter   of   the   city   of   Waterbury   concerning 

school  districts 
Special  acts,   1915,  page  331 

§  i  From  the  .first  Monday  of  January,  1916,  all  inhabitants  and 
property  of  the  Waterville  school  district  of  the  town  of  Waterbury 
shall  be  taxed  in  the  same  manner  as  the  inhabitants  and  property 
within  the  limits  of  the  second  taxation  district  of  the  city  of  Water- 
bury. 

§  2  Said  Waterville  school  district,  from  the  first  Monday  of 
January,  1916,  shall  be  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  second  taxing 
district  of  the  city  of  Waterbury,  so  that  the  persons  and  property 
within  said  school  district  may  secure  from  the  government  of  said 
city  the  same  benefits  and  be  subject  to  the  same  obligations  as  persons 
and  property  within  said  second  district. 


223 

,  • 

§  3  The  funds  received  from  the  sale  of  bonds  authorized  by  an 
act  authorizing  the  city  of  Waterbury  to  issue  sewage  bonds,  approved 
May  23,  1911,  may  be  used  for  the  purpose  of  constructing  any 
portion  of  a  trunk  line  sewer  beyond  the  limits  of  the  second  taxation 
district. 

§  4  Whenever  any  school  district  of  the  town  of  Waterbury  shall 
be  abolished  and  the  persons  and  property  thereof  brought  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  said  second  taxation  district,  the  board  of  aldermen 
of  the  city  of  Waterbury  may  levy  a  tax  on  the  property  of  such 
former  school  district,  as  shown  by  the  last  completed  grand  list  of 
the  town  of  Waterbury,  for  the  purpose  of  defraying  the  current 
expenses  of  such  school  ^district,  until  the  end  of  the  fiscal  year  of 
said  city. 

§  5  The  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city  is  hereby  authorized  to 
levy  a  tax  on  the  property  of  the  former  town  plot  school  district,  as 
shown  by  the  last  competed  grand  list  of  the  town  of  Waterbury,  to 
defray  the  current  expenses  of  said  former  district  until  the  end  of 
the  fiscal  year  of  said  city. 

§  6  Whenever  any  school  district  in  the  town  of  Waterbury  shall 
be  abolished  and  the  persons  and  property  therein  brought  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  second  taxation  district  of  said  city,  the  board  of 
aldermen  may  continue  the  school  district  collector  in  office  and  he 
is  authorized  and  directed  to  proceed  with  the  collection  of  taxes 
assessed,  and  the  enforcement  of  liens  filed  to  secure  the  same.  Such 
collector  shall  furnish  a  bond  to  said  city,  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
board  of  finance,  for  the  faithful  performance  of  his  duties,  and  shall 
pay  to  the  treasurer  of  said  city  all  money  which  may  come  into  his 
possession.  In  case  of  a  vacancy  in  the  office  of  collector,  the  authority 
and  duties  of  such  office  shall  devolve  upon  the  tax  collector  of  said 
city,  who  shall  be  allowed  such  compensation  as  the  board  of  finance 
of  said  city  may  approve.  All  unsatisfied  taxes  and  liens  filed  by 
former  district  collectors  shall  become  the  property  of  said  city,  which 
may  collect  the  amount  due  thereon  through  its  tax  collector  or  the 
former  district  collectors.  This  section  shall  apply  to  the  collector 
of  the  former  town  plot  school  district,  who  is  hereby  authorized  and 
directed  to  collect  unpaid  taxes  and  liens  of  said  district,  and  he  shall 
receive  the  same  compensation  as  allowed  by  said  district  before  the 
passage  of  this  act 

§  7  The  funds  of  any  school  district  abolished  in  said  city  shall 
be  transferred  to  the  treasurer  of  said  city,  and  shall  be  applied  in 
payment  of  debts  and  expenses  of  said  district. 

Special  acts  1919,  page  83 
An  act  authorizing  the  oity  of  Waterbury  to  issue  high  school  bonds 

Special  acts  1919,  page  in 
An  act  authorizing  the  city  of  Waterbury  to   issue   school  bonds 


224 

• 

An    act   amending   the   charter   of    the   city   of   Waterbury   concerning 
appropriations  for  new  school  buildings 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  471  as  amended  by  special  acts,  1917,  page  782 

§  i  Section  ten  of  an  act  in  addition  to  an  act  revising  and 
amending  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Waterbury,  approved  June  20, 
1899,  is  hereby  amended  to  read  as  follows :  The  board  of  education 
shall  submit  to  the  board  of  finance  of  the  city,  at  the  time  fixed  by 
law  for  the  admission  of  the  estimate  of  the  other  departments  of 
said  city,  a  detailed  estimate  of  its  current  expenses  for  the  next 
year  for  which  appropriations  for  city  purposes  are  required  to  be 
made. 

§  2  The  board  of  aldermen  of  said  city  shall  annually  appro- 
priate for  the  purchase  of  land  for  school  sites  or  additions  thereto, 
and  for  the  construction  of  new  schoolhouses,  equipment  and  furnish- 
ings, and  for  additions  to,  improvement  and  repairs  of  schoolhouses, 
an  amount  equal  to  one  and  one-half  mills  on  all  property  subject  to 
taxation  within  that  portion  of  the  city  of  Waterbury  known  as  the 
second  taxation  district,  as  now  or  hereafter  constituted,  which 
appropriation,  with  all  sums  that  may  be  legally  added  thereto,  shall 
be  a  special  fund  for  the  purposes  hereinbefore  designated,  to  be 
known  as  "  The  Special  School  Fund."  Such  sums  as  have  been  here- 
tofore appropriated  for  either  of  said  purposes  and  not  expended, 
and  all  sums  derived  from  the  sale  of  buildings  or  land  vested  in 
said  board  of  education,  as  trustee  for  the  center  school  district,  and 
all  sums  derived  from  fire  insurance  upon  schoolhouses  and  their 
contents,  injured  or  destroyed  by  fire,  shall  be  a  part  of  said  fund. 
The  unexpended  balance  in  said  fund  shall  not  be  returned  to  the 
treasury  at  the  expiration  of  the  fiscal  year,  but  shall  be  retained  for 
the  purposes  of  said  special  school  fund.  Said  board  of  aldermen 
shall  annually  appropriate  for  said  purposes,  in  addition  to  the  fore- 
going, such  amount  as  it  may  deem  necessary.  The  board  of  alder- 
men shall  levy  for  school  purposes  a  tax  upon  all  taxable  property 
within  said  second  taxation  district  as  now  or  hereafter  constituted. 

Said  special  school  fund  shall  be  used  by  the  department  of 
education  for  the  purposes  hereinbefore  specified. 

§  3  The  department  of  education  shall  not  purchase  or  contract 
for  the  purchase  of  land  for  school  purposes,  except  when  sufficient 
money  for  said  purposes  is  actually  in  said  special  school  fund  or  an 
appropriation  for  said  purposes  has  been  made  by  the  board  of  alder- 
men. 

§  4     This  act   shall  continue   in    force   for   a  period   of   ten   years. 

An  act  authorizing  the  city  of  Waterbury  to  issue  high  school  bonds 

Special  acts   1917,  page  779 

Special  acts  1917,  page  1106 

Special  acts  of  1919,  page  187 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Waterford  to  issue  bonds 


225 

An  act  amending  the   charter  of   the   city   of   Waterbury  concerning 
the  Bunker  Hill  school  district 

Special  acts  of  1917,  page  1128 

WESTVILLE 

Special  acts,  1911,  page  118 

Authorizing   the    Westville    school    district    to    issue    bonds 

An  act  authorizing  the  Westville  school  district  to  issue  bonds 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  717 

An  act  authorizing  the  Westville  school  district  to  lay  a  tax 

Special  acts,  1913,  page  784 
Special  act  of  1913,  page  1155 

An  act  authorizing  the  Westville  school  district  to  issue  school  bonds 
Special  acts  of  1917,  page  856 

An   act  concerning  the   reimbursement  in  part  by  the  state  of   high 

school  tuition 

§  i  The  Westville  school  district  in  Westville,  New  Haven,  shall 
pay  the  whole  or  any  part  of  the  tuition  fee  of  any  child  who  resides 
with  his  parents  or  guardian  in  said  district  and  who  with  the  written 
consent  of  the  school  visitors  or  board  of  education  attends  a  high 
school  in  another  town  or  district,  provided  the  high  school  shall  be 
approved  by  the  state  board  of  education.  Such  tuition  fee  shall  be 
paid  annually  by  the  Westville  school  district  treasurer  upon  the  order 
of  the  chairman  of  the  board  of  education  of  said  district. 

§  2  The  Westville  school  district  in  Westville,  New  Haven,  shall 
annually  in  July  receive  from  the  treasurer  of  the  state  an  amount 
equal  to  two-thirds  of  the  aggregate  of  the  sums  which  have  been 
paid  by  the  Westville  school  district  for  tuition  fees  under  the  pro- 
visions of  section  one,  provided  not  more  than  thirty  dollars  shall  be 
paid  by  the  state  for  each  scholar  so  attending  from  the  Westville 
school  district. 

§  3  The  number  and  names  of  the  children  so  attending  high 
schools  in  towns  or  districts  other  than  that  in  which  they  reside  and 
the  high  schools  which  they  attend  shall,  on  or  before  the  first  of  July 
in  each  year,  be  certified  under  oath  by  the  clerk  of  the  board  of  edu- 
cation of  the  district  in  which  the  pupils  reside  to  the  state  board  of 
education.  The  comptroller  shall,  on  application  of  said  board  of 
education  of  the  Westville  school  district,  draw  an  order  on  the  treas- 
urer in  favor  of  the  Westville  school  district  for  the  amount  provided 
in  section  two. 

15 


226 

Special  acts  of  1919,  page  107 

An  act  authorizing  the  Westville  school  district  to  issue  high  school 

bonds 

WESTON 

Public   acts    1911,  page    1623 

§  i  The  first  selectman  of  the  town  of  Weston  shall,  until  the 
annual  town  meeting,  in  1914,  of  the  town  of  Weston,  be  ex-officio,  a 
member  of  the  board  of  school  visitors  of  said  town,  with  power, 
however,  to  vote  on  any  question  pending  before  said  board  of  school 
visitors  only  in  case  of  a  tie. 

§  2     This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 

WETHERSFIELD 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Wethersfield  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts,  1915,  page  29 

Joint  school   district  in  the  towns  of  Wilton,   Redding,   and  Weston 
Special  acts  1911,  page  143 

§  i  The  territory  heretofore  included  within  the  limits  of  school 
district  number  ten  of  the  town  of  Wilton,  formed  from  parts  of  the 
towns  of  Wilton,  Redding,  and  Weston,  and  all  the  inhabitants  within 
said  territory,  be  and  they  are  hereby  made  and  constituted  a  body 
politic  and  corporate  under  the  name  of  District  No.  10  of  the  Town 
of  Wilton,  with  all  the  powers  given  to  school  districts  by  chapters 
135  and  137  of  the  general  statutes  and  amendments  thereof. 

§  2  All  moneys  expended  by  the  town  of  Wilton  for  the  main- 
tenance of  a  public  school  in  said  district  shall  be  paid  by  said  towns 
on  the  basis  of  the  school  enumeration  of  children  in  said  district,  to 
be  determined  as  follows:  the  whole  number  of  children  enumerated 
in  the  district  shall  be  taken  as  the  common  denominator,  and  the 
number  of  children  so  enumerated  residing  in  each  town  in  said  dis- 
trict shall  be  taken  as  the  numerator,  to  determin  the  fractional  part 
of  such  tax  or  sum  of  money  expended  which  each  of  said  towns  shall 
be  required  to  pay. 

§  3  Said  school  district  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  supervision 
by  the  state  board  of  education  as  said  board  now  exercises  over  other 
public  schools.  The  school  committee  of  the  town  of  Wilton  shall 
exercise  the  powers  and  perform  the  duties  in  said  district  provided  for 
school  visitors  in  chapter  134  of  the  general  statutes  and  amendments 
thereof,  and  said  district  shall  receive  the  same  benefits  from  the  state 
school  fund,  through  the  town  of  Wilton,  that  other  school  districts 
receive. 

§  4  Said  district  shall  be  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  chapter 
146  of  the  public  acts  of  1909,  and  from  the  provisions  of  any  other 
statute,  so  far  as  such  provisions  are  inconsistent  herewith. 


227 

An   act   creating   a  board   of   finance   in   the  town   of   Wilton 
Special  acts,  1915,  page  173 
Special  acts,  1917,  page  759 


WINCHESTER 

An    act    consolidating    the    borough    of    Winsted    with    the    town    of 

Winchester 

Special  acts,  1915,  page  448 

§  28  The  board  of  selectmen  shall,  within  seven  days  after  the 
annual  town  meeting  in  the  year  1915,  appoint  six  residents  of  the 
town  as  a  school  committee,  two  for  a  term  of  one  year,  two  for  a 
term  of  two  years,  and  two  for  a  term  of  three  years,  and  thereafter, 
within  seven  days  after  each  annual  town  meeting,  said  board  shall 
appoint  two  residents  of  said  town  to  be  members  of  said  school  com- 
mittee for  a  term  of  three  years.  Said  town  school  committee  shall 
have  all  the  powers  conferred  by  the  general  statutes  upon  such  com- 
mittees, except  that  it  shall  not  have  power  to  draw  orders  upon  the 
treasurer  of  the  town  for  payment  of  money,  nor  to  fill  vacancies  in 
in  its  number.  Any  such  vacancies  shall  be  filed  by  the  board  of  select- 
men, and  no  expenses  incurred  by  said  committee  in  maintaining 
public  schools  in  said  town  or  in  performing  the  other  duties  of  their 
office  shall  be  paid  until  approved  by  the  board  of  selectmen. 

§  29  The  board  of  selectmen  shall,  within  sixty  days  after  the 
annual  town  meeting  in  the  year  1915,  appoint  a  board  of  relief  con- 
sisting of  three  members,  one  for  a  term  of  one  year,  one  for  a  term 
of  two  years,  and  one  for  a  term  of  three  years ;  and  thereafter,  within 
sixty  days  after  each  annual  town  meeting,  said  board  shall  appoint 
one  member  of  the  board  of  relief  for  a  term  of  three  years.  Said 
board  of  relief  shall  have  the  same  powers  and  duties,  and  shall,  in 
equalizing  and  adjusting  valuations  and  assessment  lists,  proceed  in 
all  respects. as  though  elected  by  ballot  for  and  in  behalf  of  the  town 
of  Winchester.  Any  member  of  the  board  of  relief,  or  of  the  school 
committee,  or  any  assessor  may  be  removed  from  office  by  the  board 
of  selectmen  for  cause  after  hearing,  but  in  case  of  such  removal, 
the  selectmen  shall  cause  to  be  recorded  in  the  records  of  said  board 
a  statement  of  the  reasons  therefor. 


WlNDHAM 

An  act  authorizing  the  town  of  Windham  to  issue  bonds 
Special  acts,  1913,  page  935 


228 
WOODBRIDGE 

Special  acts  1911,  page  94 

Authorizing  the  town  of  Woodbridge  to  issue  bonds   for  school 
building  purposes 

Public  acts,   1915,  chapter  339 

Section  60  of  the  general  statutes  is  hereby  amended  to  read  as 
follows:  The  general  assembly,  in  behalf  of  the  state;  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  towns  and  the  senators  resident  in  the  several 
counties,  in  behalf  of  their  respective  counties;  every  city,  by  its 
common  council  when  so  authorized  by  its  charter,  or  by  its  freemen 
in  legal  meeting  assembled;  and  every  town,  borough,  or  school  dis- 
trict, by  legal  meeting  of  its  qualified  voters;  shall  make  appropria- 
tions of  specific  sums  of  money  for  any  purpose  authorized  by  law 
and  provided  for  in  the  warnings  of  the  meetings  at  which  the 
appropriations  are  made. 


INDEX 

Section 

Abolition  of  school  districts, 147,  148 

vote  how  taken    .          .......  148 

repeal  of  vote, .  149 

Academy,    endowed    or    incorporated,    ..... 

State  board  of  education  may  examine                           j  ~ 
may  approve  for  high  school  scholars,       .          j 

Accommodations   must   be   furnished, 18 

Accounts,  of  State  board  of   education,       ....  15 

agents, 10,  u,  333 

normal   schools,             •. 257 

State  aid  to  libraries,  . 198 

uniform   system   in   towns    ......  96-98 

Acting  school  visitor,  appointment  of, 79 

not  necessarily  a  member  of  the   Board,    ...  79 

compensation, -79,  397 

duties, 79 

in  districts  having  board  of  education,       ...  66,  79 

to  certify  schools  kept  according  to  law,       .          .         .  238 
to  certify  attendance  in  non-local  high  schools  to  State 

board  of  education, 188 

names  of  children  for  conveyance  grant,   .         .  192 
to  purchase  text-books  for  children  when  parents  are 

unable, 40 

to   certify   cost   of   text  books   to    selectmen   or   town 

school  committee,         .....  40 

towji  treasurer  to  pay  bill, '  40 

Age,  of  school  attendance,    .......  17,  .33 

employment, 328,  329 

enumeration,          .         .         .         .         .   .      .         .         .  221 

leaving    school,     ........  19 

penalty  for  false  statement  concerning,       ...  23 
Agent,   State  board  of   education,   to   secure   observance   of 

laws    relating  to  instruction   of   children,        ...  10 

Agents,  prosecuting  agents  to  enforce  school  laws,       .  n 
Agents    to    enforce    provisions    relating    to    employment    of 

children,  term  of  office, 333 

remuneration,       ........  333 

accounts  audited  by  Comptroller,           .         .         .         .  333 

Agents  enforce  attendance  laws,  ......  333 

enforce    employment    law,    ......  333 

issue  certificates  of  age,    ' 329 

act  as  superintendents, 86 

request  hearing  if  school  accommodations  not  furnished,  18 

229 


230 

Section 

Agents,  inspect  private  school  registers,         .  21 

investigate    age    of    children,        .....  330 

act  as  supervisors, 86 

issue    leaving   certificates, 19 

issue  age  certificates, 329 

supervising  to  issue  age  certificates,   ....  329 

to  test  literacy, 329 

Alcohol,  effects  of  taught, 76 

in  normal  schools,        .......  76 

examination  in,    ........  199 

Almshouse,  not  exempt  from  taxation,  .....  291 

Americanization,  establishment  of  department  of,  .         .         .  12 

appointment  and  salary  of  director,    ....  12 

school  committee  of  town  may  appoint  town  director 

subject  to  approval  of  State  board  of  education,  .  13 

appropriation,        ........  14 

Ansonia,  special  act  relating  to  schools,         .         .         .         .  page  157 

Apparatus,  state  grant  for,   .         .         .                  .         .         .  I96 

to    be    approved    by   school    visitors    or    town    school 

committee, 69,  196 

districts  may  purchase, IIr 

to  temporary  homes,    .....  356 
Appeal  to  Superior  Court,  in  proceedings  for  taking  land  for 

schoolhouse   site, 404 

to  alter  school  districts,       .....  115 

to  define  boundary, jj^ 

to  divide  district  property,   ....  i^j 

Appointment  of  town  school  officers,   ...  268 

Appraisement  of  district  property  at  time   of  consolidation,  155,  156, 

A           .  157,  177 

Apportionment  of  money  to  districts,   .         .         .         .  236 

lying  in  two  or  more  towns, 90,  245 

Appropriation,  for  normal  schools,         ...  '  254 

public  schools, 89,  226 

trained  teachers,  ....  '  2^ 

school  libraries,    ......  IQ6 

public  libraries,     ....  2ge 

teachers'  meetings,       . 

evening  schools 52 

state  distribution  of,    .         .         .  gq   22g 

Appropriations,  specific,  when  and  how  made,     .         .         .  page  228 

Arbor  and  Bird  Day,  to  be  observed  by  schools,  .  47 

Arrest  of  truant  boys,  .         .         .         .  27 

girls'    '         -         •         •         '         .*'       .'         !  32 

Assessment  of  property  by  school  districts,  .  290-296 

Attendance,  age  of,       ....  I7 

certificates  of,       .         .         .         .         '  32Q 

evidence  of, ^2g 

at  private  schools,          .         .  2I 
possible,        .v      . 

•JO 


231 

Section 

Attendance,  excuses  for  non-attendance,       .         .         .         .  17,  20 

failure,  penalty, 20 

complaint,  all  offenses  in  same,  ....  20 

suspension  of  sentence, 20 

penalty,  not  incurred  when  — 

child  lacks  clothing, 20 

child's  mental  or  physical  condition  renders 

attendance  inexpedient,       ...  20 

when  compulsory  for  children  between  14  and  16,       .  17,  19 

at  evening  schools,     .         .         .         .         .  54 

officers,  may  be  appointed,  .         .  73 

Automobiles,  speed  of  to  be  reduced,  or  vehicle  stopped  in 

certain  cases, .  396 

Average  attendance,  grant, 249 

to  be  reported  to  State  board  of  education,  .         .         .  249 

condition  of,       .......  249 

method  of  payment, 249 

Ballot-box,  vote  on  consolidation,  ....  148 

Bethel,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  .         .         .  •  .     page  161 

Biennial  election,   .         .         .         .  .         .  page  53,  note  2 

Bird   day       .         .  47 

Blanks,  form  prescribed  by  State  board  of  education,  .    note  3,  page  6 

Board  of  education  in  districts  formerly  school  societies,      . »  64 

may  admit  to  school  children  over  four,    ...  33 

may  appoint  superintendent, 80 

fix  salary,   ........  80 

may  elect  one  member  to  be  secretary  and  one  to  be 

treasurer  and  prescribe  their  duties,   .         .  70 

may  organize  supervision  district,       ....  81 

may  require  children  to  be  vaccinated,       ...  75 

shall  preserve  books  and  documents,  ...  94 

may  administer  oath, 95 

powers  and  duties,       .......  66 

shall  report  to  State  board  of  education,   .         .  66 

shall  send  returns  and  certificates  to  Comptroller,       .  66 

may  purchase  and  loan  text-books  to  pupils,       .         .  39 

may  appoint  acting  visitor,  not  of  their  own  number,  .  79 

may  examine  teachers,           ......  199 

may  grant  temporary  use  of  rooms,  halls,  or  school 
buildings  for  public  or  educational  pur- 
poses, or  for  holding  political  discussions 

therein, 146 

shall  hear  parents   when  school   accommodations  not 

furnished,     .......  18 

must  certify  average  number  attending  evening  schools 

to  Comptroller,     .                   ....  58 


232 

Section 

Board  of  education  must  report  to  State  board  of  education 

concerning  evening  schools,           ...  58 

may  petition  for  superintendent,  ...  86 

may  prescribe  supplementary  books,    .         .                   .  74 

two-thirds  vote  of,  to  change  text-books,   ...  74 

may   superintend   evening   schools,        ....  53 

may  grant  certificates  to  teachers,       .         .         .  199 

may  revoke  teachers'  certificates,           ....  199 

may  sign  teachers'   certificates,    ...  199 
shall   appoint   school   physician    in   towns   or   districts 
having  a  population  of  more  than  ten  thou- 
sand and  may  appoint  in  towns  having  less 

than  ten  thousand, 99 

may  appoint  acting  visitor   (see  Acting  Visitors),       .  79 

may  employ  teachers  when  authorized,       .         .         .  202 

of  music,    .........  38 

secretary  shall  certify  salary  of  superintendent  to  State 

board  of  education,     .....  85 

Board  of  Education,  State,  constitution  of,  . 

appointment,         ........ 

vacancies,     . 

how  filled, 

expenses  of, 

quotum, 

shall  elect  a  chairman  and  appoint  committees   .         .  2 

shall  appoint  a  secretary  and  an  assistant  secretary,  .  3 
may  appoint  subordinates,  agents  and  employees  and  fix 
compensation,  subject  to  approval  of  board 

of  control,   .......  4 

duties  and  powers,      , .  5 

superintend  normal  schools, 254 

enforce  laws  relating  to  attendance  at  school,       .         .  333 

enforce  laws  relating  to  employment  of  children,           .  333 

examine  and  grant  certificates  to  teachers,  .         .          .  200 

examine  teachers  for  schools  in  county  homes,  .         .  229 

expend  sum  appropriated   for  normal   schools,    .         .  257 

appoint  acting  visitor  or  visitors  for  county  homes,   .  229 

keep  account  of  State  aid  to  libraries,  .          .                   .  198 

appoint  a   public   library   committee,    ....  281 

make   annual   report, 5 

order  sanitary  changes  in  schoolhouses,       ...  50 

relieve  towns  from  maintaining  evening  schools,  .         .  60 
render  accounts  to  Comptroller,           ....        15,  198 

control  educational  interests  of  state,  ....  5 

direct  books  to  be  used,       ......  5 

prescribe    form    of    registers,        .....  5 

expend  necessary  sum  to  perform  duties,   ...  15 

prepare   outline   of    citizenship,    .....  34 


233 

Section 
Board  of  Education,  State,  determine  number  of  pupils  in 

normal  schools,    ......  255 

apply  for  high  school  grant, 188 

State,  apply  for  high  school  conveyance  grant,   .  192 

apply  for  average  attendance  grant,    ....  249 

appoint    agents, 10,  n,  333 

establish  model  schools  at  Normal   Schools,       .         .  258 

hold  teachers'  meetings,       ......  5 

approve  high  schools,           .......  186 

make   rules   for  county  homes,    .....  229 

to  be    furnished   with   number   and   names   of    pupils 
attending  high  schools  in  towns  other  than 

those  in  which  they  reside,  ....  188 

test  eyesight 205 

appoint  an  acting  visitor  at  County  Home  schools,    .  229 

appoint  agents  to  be  superintendents,  ....  86 

salary, 86 

approve    supervisors, 83,  84 

may   make    application   to    Comptroller    for    order    on 

treasurer  for  salaries  of  model  school  teachers,  9 

Board  of  relief,  how  constituted,          ...           .         .  293 

school  visitors   (see  visitors). 

Bonds,  to  be  given  by  treasurer  and  collector  of  district,       .  139 
Books  and  apparatus  — 

shall  be  approved  by  town   school  committee,    .         .  69 

by  school  visitors, 69 

Boundary  lines  of  districts, 112,  113 

settlement  of, 113 

record   of, 113 

Boys,   Connecticut  school   for,        .         .          .         .         .         .  357-360 

who  may  be  sent  to, 357-359 

what  authority  may  commit, 357-359 

Bowling  alleys,  to  be  regarded  as  mercantile  establishments,  329 

Branches  taught  in   public   schools, 33 

evening  schools, 52 

in  which  teachers  must  be  examined,  .         .         .         .  199 

Branford,   special   act   relating  to    schools,    ....  page  161 

Bridgeport,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,  ....  page  161 

Buildings,  injuries  to, 379 

Care  and  reformation  of  children,         .....  350-374 

for  what  children  intended, 350 

commitment  of  children  to  homes,       ....  352 

boys,  Connecticut  school  for, 357~36o 

when  boy  is  under  ten  years  of  age,  .         .         .  358 

United  States  court  may  commit  boys,       ..         .  359 

boys  to  remain  at  school  how  long,   .         .         .  360 


234 

Section 

Care  and  reformation  of  children,         ...                  .  35O-374 

girls,  Connecticut  industrial  school  for,       .         .         .  361-364 

appeals, 372-374 

fees, 373 

costs, 374 

reformatory,          .         .         .         ...         .         .         .  365-371 

Certificates,   age, .  329 

penalty  for  false, 23 

who  may  issue,    ........  329 

must  be  kept  on  file  by  employer,       ....  329 

State  board  of  education  may  issue,  .         .         .  '  330 

parent  shall  exhibit  evidence,       ....  330 

vacation,  to  be  granted  to  certain  children,          .         .  334 
applications    for    employment    certificate    may    be    re- 
quired to  be  under  oath 332 

Certificates,    teachers, 200 

given  by  school  visitors,       .         .         .         .         .         .  199 

by  State  board  of  education, 200 

must  be  accepted  by  school  officers,   ....  200 

may  be  revoked, 185,  199 

of  high  schools, 185 

must  be  obtained  by  teacher,                                  %.  201 

Chatham,  special  act  relating  to  schools,        ....  page  165 

Children,  care  and  reformation  of, 350-374 

instruction   of,      ........  17 

to  be  educated,  at  home  or  at  school,  ....  17 

to  attend   school   regularly  and   constantly  when   not 

employed,     .......  17 

under  fourteen,  employment  of,  .         .         .                 %.  22 
under  fourteen,  not  to  be  employed  in  factories  and 

stores, 328 

certificate  of  age  of,   .         .         .         .         .         .         .  329 

application  for  employment  certificate  may  be  required 

to  be  under  oath,          .....  332 

enumeration  of,           . .         .         .         .         .         .          .  221,  222 

temporarily  residing  in  district,          .         .          .  221 

in  temporary  homes, 227 

admission  of  non-residents  to  district  schools,    .         .  145 

in  districts  where  there  is  no  school,  provision  for,  .  242 

dependent  and  neglected,  provision  for,       .         .         .  350 

feeble  minded  or  epileptic,  provision  for,   .         .         .  349 

not  to  be  employed  in  exhibitions,  etc.,       .         .         .  377 

not  allowed  in  pool  rooms, 387 

City  district,  tax  in, 240 

Citizenship,  duties  of,  taught, 34 

outline  to  be  prepared  by  State  board  of  education,  .  34 

Classification  of  school  visitors, 36 

town  school  committee,       .         .         .                  .         .  151 

Clerk  of  school  district,  .compensation, 131 

election  of, !33 

Clerk  of  school  district,  term  of  office, 133 

must  be  sworn, 133 


235 

•  Section 

Clerk  of  school  district,  duties  of,  .         .         .         124,  128,  136 

to  determine  place  of  meeting  when  no  committee,       .  123 

to  give  notice  of  meeting  when  no  committee,   .         .  124 

to   enumerate   children   if   committee   fail,    .         .         .  221 

to  report  names  of  school  officers  to  school  visitors,  .  136 
if  district  is  in  two,  towns  notice  must  be  sent  to  both 

secretaries,   .......  136 

penalty  for  failure  to  comply,   ....  136 

to  furnish  access  to  records,       .....  140 

Clothing,  lack  of,  excuse  for  non-attendance,       ...  20 

Collector,  election, 133 

duties    of, 138 

to  give  bonds,       . 139 

term  of  office,     . 133 

Committee,  high  school,  see  high  schools, 
town,  see  school  committee, 
district,  see  district  committee. 

in  consolidated  districts,  see  town  school  committee,  .  150 

library,          ....                   ....  197 

supervision  district,  see  Supervision. 

Complaints,  non-attendance, 20 

Comptroller,  to  audit  expenses  of  State  board  of  education,          •     15 

accounts  of  state  library  money,       .         .         .  198 

accounts  of  normal  schools,       ....  257 

accounts  of   agents, 333 

accounts  of  public  libraries,       ....  286 
shall  draw   orders  in   favor  of  towns  in   supervision 

districts 82 

shall    draw    orders    in    favor    of    towns    having    over 
twenty  and  not  more  than  thirty  teachers  if 

they    employ    supervisors,    ....  85 

shall  draw  orders  for  salaries  of  agents  who  supervise 
schools    in    towns    having    not    more    than 

twenty  teachers,   ......  86 

to  draw  orders  in  favor  of  districts  having  a  board 

of  education,         ......  67 

to  distribute  income  of  school  fund  and  annual  state 

appropriation, 226 

to  draw  orders  in  favor  of  towns  supporting  evening 

schools, 58 

to  draw  order  for  high  school  tuition  fees,  .         .         .  188 

to  draw  order  for  conveyance  grant,  ....  192 

to  withhold  school  dividend  if  hygiene  not  taught,     .  77 

may  make  deduction  from  public  money,   .         .         .  230 

may  sue  for  misapplied  money, 231 

may  deduct  forfeiture,          ......  92 

returns  to, 89,  223,  226 

Compulsory  education, 17 


236 

Section-. 

Condemnation  of  land  for  school  purposes,         168  (see  Sees.  403-404) 

Consolidation  of  districts,       .......  147 

towns  may  vote,           .         .         .                   .         .         .  147 

by  ballot, 148 

at  annual  meeting,    .....  148 

form  of  ballot, 148- 

method  of  procedure,       ....  148 

vote  takes  effect  when,    ....  149 

pay  expenses  of  schools, 160 

committee,  first, 150 

subsequent,          .      • 151 

election, 150. 

qualifications,       .......  150* 

minority   representation, 151 

term  of  office, 15! 

number,  how  determined, 1501 

classification, i$i 

powers   and   duties, 153  and  note 

adjustment  of  property  and  debts,        .         .         .         .  154 

appraisement, 154 

payment, '           i^. 

•  permanent  funds,  management  of,                 .         .         .  158. 

joint  districts,  notice  of  abolition  of,  .         .         .         .  161 

mode  of  paying  debts,         .         .         .         .         .  163 

joint,  mode  of  collecting  taxes, 164 

libraries,    school, j^g, 

expenses,  how  paid,     ......  160 

abandonment  after  five  years,       ....  149. 

when  takes  effect, T66 

districts,  reimbursement  of  town  for  expenses,    .  165 

town  committee  becomes  Board  of  School  Visitors,  167 

effect  of  vote  to  reestablish,       ....  165, 

condemnation  of  land  for  school  purposes,  168  (see  Sees.  403-404) 

Constables,  special,  to  arrest  for  truancy,     .         .          .  347 

appointed  by  selectmen,       ....  347 

nominated  by  school  visitors,       ....  347 

may  arrest  for  disturbance  of  schools, 

for  disturbance  of  school  meetings,   . 

for  damage  to  school  property,  .  ^47 
Constitution  of  Connecticut,  extract  from,'  article  eighth  of 

education,  .         .         .         .         .         _         ^  page 

County  Homes,  schools  in,   .         .                   .                   m  350-356 
Conveyance     (see  Transportation) 

Crimes'      •                   377-387 

offenses  against  the  person, 377 

humanity  and  morality,       .         .         .  .,-g 

public  property, ]  3;o   3go 

public   peace   and   safety,    ...  381    382 

public  policy, 383'_387 


237 

Section 
Darien,  act  creating  a  board  of  finance,  ....    page  167 

Damages,  assessment  of,  when  taking  land  for  site  of  school- 
house,       ..........  404 

Danbury,  special  act  relating  to  schools,       ....    page  165 

Dependent  and  neglected  children,  homes,  how  provided,       .  350 
Deposit  fund,  town,       .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .       318-327 

income  of  paid  to  town  treasury,         ....  232 

Derby  School  District,  special  act  relating  to  schools,       pages  167-172 

Distribution  of  public  money, 226 

Districts,  duties  and  powers,           .         .         .         .         .         .  in 

how  formed, 109 

united,         ........  109 

altered,        ........  109 

dissolved, 109 

divided,       ........  no 

are  corporations,           .         .         .         .         .          .         .  in 

powers,  may  be  sued,  .         .          .         .         .         .         .  in 

hold  real  estate,           .         .         .         .         .         .  in 

hold  personal  property, in 

build  schoolhouses,     .         .         .         .         .         .  in 

establish  schools,         .         .         .         .         .         .  m 

purchase  school   apparatus,          .         .         .         .  in 

maintain  school  library,       .         .         .          .         .  m 

employ  teachers, in 

power,  pay  wages,         .         .          .         .         .          .         .  in 

lay  taxes in 

conduct  schools, in 

boundary  lines,     ........  112 

record  of, 112 

settlement  of,     .......  113 

alteration  or  abolition   of, 109 

parts  of  districts, 109 

disposition  of  funds,  ......  117 

notice, •  .         .         .  114 

consolidation  of, 117 

division  of,  .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .          .  no 

lying  in  two  or  more  towns,       ....  no 

settlement  of  proportions  of  indebtedness  of,    .  118 

power  of  Superior  Court  in  premises,       .  119 

employment  and  payment  of  teachers  by,    .         .         .  in 

enumeration   in,    ........      181,  221 

expenses  to  be  paid  by  town, 236,  238 

first  meeting,   how   called,    ......  43 

formation,  alteration,  and  dissolution  .         .         .         .  109 

notice  of, 114 

appeal  to  Superior  Court, 115 

procedure, .  116 

funds  and  property  on  consolidation  or  division,       .  117 


238 

Section 

Districts,  jurisdiction  over,  if  lying  in  several  towns,   .         .  121 

may  'establish   kindergarten   schools,    ....  35 

may  take  land  for  site  of  schoolhouse,  ....  403 

may  require  bond   of  treasurer  and   collector,    .         .  139 

meetings, 122,  180 

when  held, 122 

where  held, 123 

notice  of,   .         .                  .         .         .         .         .  124 

what  to  specify, 124 

check  list  for  voting  in,       .         .         .          .         .  129 

legal  voters  in, 126 

penalty    for    illegal   vote, 132 

inmates  of  almshouse  cannot  vote,    .         .         .  127 

conduct  of,          .......  128 

adjournment,       .......  129 

registry  list, 128 

vote  by  ballot,  how  ordered  and  taken,  .         .  129 

special,  to  vote  by  ballot, 130 

may  choose  own  moderator,       ....  132 

annual,   for  election  of  officers,          .         .         .  133 
annual,  where  terms  of  majority  of  school  com- 
mittee expire  in  any  one  year,   .         .  125 
neglect  to  maintain  school,  ......  141 

receive  no  State  aid  in  such  case,    ...  141 

officers, 133 

names  to  be  reported  by  clerk  to  school  visitors,  136 

records  of, 112 

penalty  for  refusing  access  to,   .     .    .         .         .  140 

boundary  lines,  .         .         .         .         .         .  112 

situated  in  different  towns,  money  how  distributed,     .      245,  246 

committee  shall  employ  teachers  when  authorized,       .  202 

may   appoint   school   physician, 99 

shall  appoint  school  physician  if  population  is  over  ten 

thousand,    ......  99 

schoolhouse  must  be  satisfactory  to  board   of   school 

visitors, I^2 

schoolhouse  plan  must  be  approved  by  board  of  school 

visitors,       ......  143 

site,  how  changed,     .         .                  .         .         .  144 

may  be  used  for  other  purposes  than  school,   .  146 

non-resident  pupils  in, I4S 

extra  expenses,  incurred  by, 243 

formed  from  school  society,         ....  64 

registry  list, I2g 

school  in,  not  kept  according  to  law,  ....  230 

tax  in  city, 240 

time  of  payment  to,     .         .         .         .  238 
voters  in,      ....                                                  I26>  I2? 


239 

Section 

Districts,  'warnings,   power   of    Superior   Court,    ...  115 
to  receive  no  State  or  town  money  unless  report  made 

to  school  visitors,       ....  244 

nor  unless  a  suitable  schoolhouse  provided,       .  142 

under  act  of  1841, 120 

joint,   situated   in  different  towns,       ....  121 

provision  to  be  made  for  scholars  when  no  school,   .  242 

union  of  small,    ........  242 

District  committee,  election  of,       ......  133 

must  have  a  majority, 135 

duties    of, 180,  181 

enumeration  of  children  by,           .....  221 

to  be  reported  to  school  visitors,       .         .         .  181 

limitation  of  power, 182 

must  be   resident  of  district, 133 

names  to  be  reported  to  State  board  of  education,       .  93 

in  large  districts,  number  of, 134 

how  chosen, 134 

penalty  for  failure  to  call  district  meeting,  .         .         .  180 

term  of  office, 133 

in  larger  districts, 134 

visitation  of  schools  by,       ......  180 

vacancies  filled  by  school  visitors,       ....  137 

may  call  special  meetings  of  abolished  districts,  .         .  162 

agent  ex  officio  of  district, 107 

powers  and  duties : 

give  notice   of   meetings, 124,  180 

special, *  180 

provide  school  rooms,         .....  180 

visit  schools, 180 

provide    text-books,    ......  180 

suspend    incorrigible   pupils,        ....  180 

report  to  the  board  of  school  visitors,       .         .      181,  244 

limitation  of  power  to  make  contracts,       .         .         .  182 

may  employ  teacher,    .......'  202 

shall  not  employ  teacher  beyond  term  of  office,  .         .  202 

majority  required  to  elect,   ......  135 

vacancies  in  large  districts,  how  filled,           .         .         .  134 

East  Hartford,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  .  .  .  page  172 
East  Haven,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  ....  page  172 
Ecclesiastical  society,  land  of,  not  to  be  taken  for  site  of 

schoolhouse,     .........  403 

Education  test  for  employment, 329 

Elections,  city  and  town,  how  contested,       ....  274 

Election  of  district  officers,  failure,        .....  137 

school    officers, 271 

Employer  must  obtain  certificate  for  children  over  fourteen 

and    under   sixteen, 329 


240 

Section 

Employer  must  keep  on  file  certificate  of  age,     .         .         .-  331 
show  certificate  to  the  secretary  or  agent  of  the  State 

board  of  education, 331 

penalty  for  failure  to  have  age  certificate,  ...  331 
Employment  of  children   under   fourteen,   forbidden   during 

school   hours, 22 

penalty,         .........  22 

prohibited  in  certain  establishments,     ....  328 

Employment  of  children  in  non-lawful  occupations,       .         .  383 

Enumeration  of  children,  by  district  committee,    .         .         .      181,  221 

in  joint  districts,           .......  181 

by  school  visitor  or  person  appointed  by  school  visitors,  221 

by  town  school  committee, 224 

fees   for, 224 

form  of  return  to  school  visitors,         ....  222 

correction  of  return, 223 

certificate  to  Comptroller  by  school  visitors,       .         .  223 

penalty  for  refusing  to  give  age  of  child,   .         .         .  225 

in  county  homes, 227 

Estimate,  of  cost  of  schools  for  each  year  by  school  visitors 

and  selectmen,          ........  236 

Evening  schools,  towns  may  establish,  .         .         .         .         .  52,  59 

towns  having  ten  thousand  or  more  inhabitants  must 

establish, 52 

attendance  compulsory  at, ^  5- 

certificates  showing  attendance  to  be  issued  by  school 

boards, ^ 

Penalty,  ' 57 

law  as  to,  how  enforced, 54 

all  three  school  visitors  shall  supervise, 

returns   to   Comptroller,        ....  eg 

branches,       .... 

petition  for  high  school  branches,       ....  52 

duties    of    school    officers,    ....  e? 

State  grant  to,     .......  eg 

State  grant  to,  method  of  obtaining,   .         .  eg 

number  of  sessions,      .....  eg 

towns  may  be  relieved  from  establishing,  when,  60 

report  of  to  State  board  of  education,         .  eg 

Examination,  of  teachers  by  school  visitors,         .         .  I9O 

State  board  of  education,     .         .         .  2QQ 

town  school  committee,         ...  Igg 
board    of    education,    .         .             • 

Excuses,  legal,  for  non-attendance,  lack  of  clothing,   .  2o 

mental  or  physical  disability,       .         .  20 

attendance  at  a  legal  private  school,   .  2I 

Exits   from  public   buildings,         .         .  302    ~Q~. 

Expenses,  of  teachers'  meetings,    ...'.'  t 


241 

Section 

Expenses,  schools  in  consolidated  districts,   ....  160 

under  town  management,   .....  178 

in   city   school   districts, 240 

of  maintaining  schools,         .         .         .         .         .         .      238,  240 

estimates  of,         .         .          .         .         .         .                   .  236 

in  excess  of  appropriation,   .         .         .                   .         .  238 

Expulsion   of  pupils,      ........  180 

Eyesight,  tests  prepared  by  State  board  of  education,   .         .  205 

used  by  teachers  when,       .         .         .         .         .  205 

may  be  examined  by  school  physician,   ....  102 

Factories,  inspection  of  by  school  visitors  or  school  committee,  24 

Feeble-minded  or  epileptic  persons,  school  for,    .         .         .  349 

Fees,  of  assessors  of  taxes,  .                  .         .         .         .  293 

magistrates  on  prosecution  of  vagrants,       ...  30 

school  visitors,   for  enumeration  of  children       .         .  221 

officers,   for  arresting  truants,     .....  29 

Fire  escapes, 311-317 

Fire  prevention  day,  to  be  designated  by  governor,       .         .  48 

Flag,  exercises  to  be  held, 46 

Flags,  to  be  provided  by  selectmen,       .....  44 

penalty  for  not  furnishing,  ......  45 

foreign  not  to  be  displayed 386 

penalty, 386 

Forfeitures,   for   delay   in   making   returns,    .         .         .         .          91,  92 

for  making  fraudulent  certificate,         .         .                  .  248 

for  misapplication  of  school  moneys,  ....  231 

for  neglect  to  support  schools 241 

of  clerk  to  furnish  access  to  records,  penalty,    .         .  140 
of  clerk  to  report  names  of  district  officers  to  school 

visitors,    penalty, 136 

by  selectmen  for  failure  to  provide  flags,   ...  45 

if  schools  not  kept  according  to  law,   ....  247 

remitted  by  secretary  of  State  board  of  education,       .  247 

Form,  of  return  of  enumeration  by  a  committee,  .          .         .  222 

school  visitor, ,.  223 

certificate  of  school  visitors  to  Comptroller,       .         .  226 

Fraudulent  certificates,  ........  248 

Funds,  school,  disposition  of  on  alteration  of  districts,    .      .  117 

disposition  of  on  abolition  of  districts,       .         .         .  158 

repeal  of  vote  of  abolition,         ....  165 

income  of  society  or  district, 233 

town    deposit    fund,    ......      232,  320 

Girls'  Connecticut  Industrial  School  (see  Connecticut  Indus- 
trial School  for  Girls),       ....       361-364 
vagrant,  committed  to   Connecticut   Industrial    School 

at  request  of  parent  or  guardian,       .         .  364 
procedure   (see  Truants). 

16 


242 

Section 
Governor  shall  designate  arbor,  bird,  flag,  and  fire  prevention 

days, 46-48 

Graded  schools,  may  be  established,       .         .         .         .Ill,  153,  174 

Grant,  high  school,         ........  186 

amount  of,          .....         .         .  187 

procedure    for   obtaining, 188 

conveyance,          .......  190 

amount,     .......  191 

procedure  for  obtaining,   ....  192 

library,    school, 196 

public, 285,  289 

evening  school,     . 58 

enumeration,         ........  226 

average  attendance,       .......  249 

method  of  payment,   ......  249 

supervision, 82,  85,  86 

trained  teacher,   ........  259 

Greenwich,  acts  creating  board  of  estimate  and  taxation  and 

authorizing  issues  of  bonds, page  172 

Groton,  act  authorizing  Fifth  School  district  to  issue  bonds,  page  173 

Guilford,  act  creating  a  board  of  estimate  and  apportionment,  page  173 

Hamden,  act  concerning  the  board  of  finance,       .         .         .  page  173 

Hartford,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,   ....  page  173 

Health, 297-300 

officer,  county,  powers  and  duties,       ....  297-300 

town,           .........  300 

examination  of  children  as  to 101 

school  physicians,          . 99-106 

examination  of  for  employment,  .....  329 

High  school,  subjects  may  be  taught  in  evening  schools,       .  52 

town  may  establish, 183 

committee  of,        ........  184 

elected  by  ballot, 184 

number 184 

tie, 184 

vacancies,  how  filled, 185 

may  employ  teachers  when   authorized,    .         .  202 

duties  of  school  visitors  or  town  school  committee,   .  69 
powers  of   school  visitors   or  town  school  committee 

over, 185 

shall  superintend,        ......  185 

examine  teachers,       ......  185 

give  certificates, 185 

visit  schools, 185 

revoke  certificates,      ...         .         .         .  185 

State  aid  for  library, 196 

support  of, 183 


243 

Section 

High   school,   towns  not   maintaining  high    school   may   pay 
tuition  fees  of  children  in  non-local  school, 

when, 186 

tuition   fees,          ........  186 

paid  by  town  treasurer, ,         186 

cost  of  conveyance  to, 190 

approved  by  State  board  of  education  for  con- 
veyance   grant, 190 

endowed,  State  board  of  education  may  examine,       .  189 

State  board  of  education  may  approve,    .         .  189 

incorporated,  State  board  of  education  may  examine,  .  189 

State  board  of  education  may  approve,    .         .  189 

Huntington,  act  creating  department  of  finance,   .         .         .    page  182 

Hygiene,  examination  in,       .......  199 

must  be  taught, 76 

must  be  taught  in  normal  schools,       ....  76 

not  to  be  taught  in  high  schools,         ....  76 

penalty  for  failure  to  teach,         .....  77 

Improvements,  towns  must  be  reimbursed  for,  .  .  .  165 

Incidentals, .  236,  238 

money  raised  to  secure  State  aid  for  library,       .         .  196 

expended  for  books  for  indigent  pupils,    .  180 

Industrial  School  for  Girls,  who  may  be  sent  to,       .         .        32,  364 

what  authority  may  commit, 364 

Instruction  of  children,  .......  17 

agent  to  secure, 10 

Irregularity  of  attendance, 17 

Janitors,  may  be  appointed  constables  by  selectmen,    .         .  347 

Joint  board  of  school  visitors  and  selectmen: 

action  if  expenditure  exceeds  appropriation,       .         .  238 

action  if  expenses  unnecessary  and  extravagant,       .  243 

meeting  of, 234 

notify  committees  of  estimated  cost,   ....  234 

fix  wages  of  teachers, '                .  236 

fix   incidental    expenses,       ......  236 

notify  districts  of  estimates,       .                  .         .         .  234 

records  of, 237 

appropriation  by  to  joint  districts,       .         .         .         .  246 

Justice  of  the  peace,  prosecution  of  truants  before,       .         .  28 

Kindergarten  schools,  may  be  established,    ....  35 

who  may  attend,           .......  35 

Labor,  child,  see  employment. 

Law,  school  kept  according  to,  .  .  .  .  .  90,  230,  238 

to  be  maintained,  required  by,  .....  236 

of  higher  order  than  is  required  by,  .  .  .  .  243 


244 

Section 

Leaving  certificates,         ......                    .  19 

granted  by  school  officers, 19 

agents  of  State  board  of  education,             ,  19 

Libraries,  penalties  for  injuries  to  books,       ....  380 

school,  account  of  State  aid  to,   .         .         .         .         .  198 

committee, 196 

duties, 196 

establishment  of,          .          .          .          .          .          .  in 

expenses  incurred  by  districts   reckoned   among 

incidental  expenses,     ....  196 

selection  of  books  for,       .....  196 

State  aid  to,       .......  196 

based  upon  actual  attendance,    ....  196 

in   consolidated   districts, 159 

supervision  of,  by  school  visitors,  or  town  school 

committee,  ....         69,  196,  197 

joint  board  may  appropriate  money,  ...  197 

town  school  committee  may  appropriate  money,  197 

appropriation  expended  by  committee,       .         .  197 
books  and  apparatus  property  of  town,       .          .      177,  197 

public,  .  275,  285 

establishment,      .         .         .         .         .         .         .  285 

appropriation  to,          ......  277 

gifts  to, 278 

directors, 279 

election    of, 280 

women   eligible   to  board,          .         .         .  287 

State  grant  to, 285 

Library  committee,  Connecticut  public,  constitution  of,  .          .  281 

expenses  of, 281 

duties,  282,  283 

women  eligible  to,                  .         .         .         .         .         .  287 

reports  to, 288 

expenditure  for  free  public  libraries,   ....  289 

shall  report  to  the  governor,  .      .         .                   .         .  283 

State  treasurer  shall  pay  bills  of,                .         .  286 
may  provide  for  libraries  in  penal  and  charitable  in- 
stitutions,      ........  284 

Matron,  school  may  be  appointed,  .         .         .         .         .  104 

Maintenance  of  public  schools  in  consolidated  towns,  ,         .  160 

Majority  required  to  elect  district  officers,    ....  135 

Manchester,  ninth   district,  special  act  relating  to   schools,    .    page  184 

Manufactories,  inspection  of,  by  school  officers,  ...  24 
Meetings,  district    (see  district  meetings). 

penalty  for  disturbing, 382 

Middletown,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,  ....    page  187 

Minors,  not  to  loiter  or  play  in  billiard  or  pool  rooms,  .         .  387 


245 

Section 
Model  school  for  observation  and  instruction  of  training  class 

conducted  by  the  supervisor,   ......  9 

Model  primary  schools,  at  normal  schools,   .                   .          .  258 

Moderator,  chosen  in  district  meetings,         ....  132 

powers  of, 271 

penalty  for  neglect  to  make  return,     ....  273 

Montville,  act  incorporating  Palmer  Memorial  Association,   .  page  188 
Motor  vehicles,  speed  of,  to  be  reduced,  or  vehicle  stopped  in 

certain  cases, 396 

Music,  towns  may  direct  school  visitors  or  town  school  com- 
mittee to  employ  teacher  of,           ....  38 

salary  of  teachers, 38 

towns  shall  pay  salary, 38 

Narcotics,  effects  of,  taught,    .......  76 

examination  in  effects  of, 199 

Nangatuck,  special  act  relating  to  schools,    ....  page  188 

New  Britain,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  ....  page  190 
New  Canaan,  special  acts  relating  to  board  of  finance,  reading 

room  and  library, page  192 

New  Haven,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,   .      .         .          .  page  192 

New  London,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,       .         .         .  page  201 

Connecticut    College    for   Women,        ....  page  206 

Newtown,   special   act   relating  to   schools,    ....  page  208 

Normal  School,  annual  appropriation, "254 

State  board  of  education  shall  maintain,       .          .          .  254 

maintenance,          ........  254 

training  schools,  condition  concerning,         .         .          .  254 

agreement  to  establish  authorized,     .          .         .  254 

number  of  pupils,  rules  concerning  admission,    .          .  255 

tuition  gratuitous, 255 

persons   admitted   must   declare   intention   to   teach   in 

State, 255 

town  school  officers  send  names  of  suitable  candidates,  256 

funds  expended  by  State  board  of  education,       .         .  257 

appointment  of  teachers, 257 

account  filed  semiannual^  with  Comptroller,       .         .  257 

report  to  the  Governor  annually,         ....  257 

model  schools  established  by  State  board  of  education,  258 

must  teach  hygiene,     .......  76 

one  student  from  each  town  maintained  therein,  .         .  259 

Norwalk,  special  act  relating  to  schools,       ....  page  208 

North  Stonington,  special  act  relating  to  the  Wheeler  School,  page  208 

Notice,  of  district  meeting,   .......  124 

proposition  to  form,  alter,  or  unite  school  districts,    .  114 

abolition    of   district,    .......  161 

Nurse,  school  may  be  appointed,  .         .         .         .         .          .  104 


246 

Section 

Oath,  of  clerk,        ....  .133  note 

person  enumerating  children,       ...                   .  222 

school  visitors  to  returns,    ....                   .  223 

may  be  administered  by  school  visitors,       ...  95 

Offenses,  against  public  property,  ....  .      379,  380 

policy,          .  .  .       383-387 

peace  and  safety, 381,  382 

the  person 377 

humanity  and  morality,         .         .         .         .         .         .  378 

Orange,   Union   school   district   of,    special   act   relating   to 

schools, .         .     page  211 

Parents,  must  cause  children  to  attend, 17 

must  cause  children  to  be  instructed  in  certain  subjects,  17 
must   cause   children    over   fourteen    to    attend    when 

notified  by  town  school  officers,  ...  19 

notice  of  infectious  disease  to  be  given  to,  .         .         .  103 

shall  make  oath  to  age  of  child, 329 

shall  supply  evidence  of  age, 329 

M.        penalties  for  failure  to  instruct  children,   ...  20 

£.Qi                  false  statement  concerning  age  of  child,   .         .  23 

i os  JiiQ  be  notified  of  hearing  in  truancy  cases,  ...  30 

what  may  vote  in  district  meeting,  ....  127 

for  not  instructing  children  under  one's  care,       .  20 
I  ?,£-      employment  of  children  under  fourteen  during  school 

R£             hours, .         .         .  22 

1    i      employment  of  children  under   fourteen  in   factories 

;  r  s            and   stores, 328 

l*~±      failure  to-  have  age  certificates  of  children  under  16,  329 

c2-      false-  statement- as  to  age  of  children  by  parents,  .         .  23 

cgL      refusal  to- give- name  and  age  of  child,        .         .         .  225 

delay  tin  (making  returns, 91 

?."»£      illegal  voting  at  district  meetings,         ....  132 

<>.:-      refuan&ltfrr^ee^t^hedlp  office  or  perform  its  duties,  133 
failure    to    ropOttBOfffaftAp  of    district    committees    to 

school  visitors, 136 

^s.      refusing  access" foniQho&P  f&Wds,        ....  140 

^?>      failure  to.  call  -district  meettwg,i"£        ....  180 

R?.s       failuiG^osrdppb^tbgcfc^oHKl.S  ^d  .bad;  .          .          .          .      241,  244 

•X        fraudulent  certificate  by  a- school  visitor-  or  town  school 

committee? TOffa  bar^ni^m  rryoj  rbfi'J     .          t         .  248 

selectmen's; :neglectingf<wfp%>^ld8rr&£^"1.         .         .  45 
fWeef^stiiboriy/byrlw^rrftft^Ssatd^u^flc^ions  for 
voting,   ......... 

injurJeyJtbiJgc^cfoihittEse^iifnj.  10  jal 

employing,  children  .in  exhibitions,  etclp^^j^  ^°.  rro  .  377 

permitting  minors  in-  pool-  room,  «f)3inioqqB  ad  vern  foq»  ^87 

interrupting  schools, 381 


247 

Section 
Physicians,  school  appointment  of,         ....         99,  TOO,  102 

duties, 100 

children  to  be  referred  to  for  examination,         .         .  102 

Physiology  and   Hygiene,   text-books, 76 

instruction  in,       .....'...  76 

teachers  must  pass  examination  in,    .                  .         .  199 

penalty  if  not  taught, 77 

Playgrounds  and  neighborhood  recreation  centers,       .         .       342-346 

Plurality  elects  town  officers, 269 

does  not  elect  district  committee,         ....  135 

Police  may  arrest  truants, 27 

Police  Court,  prosecution  of  truants  before,         ...  26 

Pool-rooms,  minors  not  permitted  in,   .         .         .         .         .  387 

Private  schools,  attendance  at, 21 

must  keep  registers, 21 

prescribed  by  State  board  of  education,       .         .  21 
subject  to  inspection  by  agent  of  State  board  of 

education,     .......  21 

must  make  reports  and  returns, 21 

no  financial  report, 21 

Privies  required, 71 

construction,         ........  71 

Probate  Courts,  may  commit  girls  to  Connecticut  industrial 

school, 364 

Public  money,  how  drawn,     .......  90 

annual  appropriation  and  distribution,         .         .  226 

how  paid  when  districts  lie  in  several  towns,       .         .  245 

withheld  if  district  has  no  schoolhouse,        ...  142 

district  committee  fail  to  report  to  school  visitors,  244 

misapplication  of,  penalty  for,     .....  231 

Pupils,  how  admitted  to  normal  schools,       ....      255,  256 

disobedient  may  be  suspended  or  expelled,  .         .         .  180 

indigent  may  have  books  provided,    ....  180 

non-resident  may  be  admitted  to  school  when,  .         .  145 

Records,  of  districts  to  be  opened  to  inspection,  .         .         .  140 

pertaining  to  schools,  to  be  preserved  and  transmitted,  94 

Records,  of  town,  to  contain  district  bounds,          ...  43 

district  bounds, 112 

town  school  committee,         ......  91 

board  of  school  visitors, 91 

Reformation  of  children, 35O-374 

Reformatory, 365 

Registers,  for  schools,  form  of,  prescribed  by  State  board  of 

education,       ........  5 

kept  by  teachers, 204 

returned  by  teachers, 204 

supplied  to  private   schools,         .         .         .         .      •  .  21 


248 

Section 

Registry  lists,  how  prepared, 128,  129 

compensation  for  preparing,         .....  131 

Report,  to  Governor  by  State  board  of  education,         ...  5 

Secretary  of  State  board  of  education,  by  agent,  .         .  10 

by  school  visitors,       ......  91 

by  town  school  committee,         ....  91 

by  board  of  education,       .....  66 

school  visitors,  by  acting  visitors,       ....  79 

district    committees,    ......  181 

towns,  by  secretary  of  board  of  visitors  or  town  school 

committee, '.  91 

towns  by  .school  committees, 153,  174 

school   vistors   and   selectmen,    ....  236 

districts  by  board  of  education,   .....  64 

libraries,  to  Connecticut  public  library  committee,       .  288 

Normal  school  to  Governor, 257 

on  oath  before  school  officers, 95 

Returns    (see  Blanks). 

to  Comptroller  by  district  boards  of  education,   .         .  66 

school  visitors, 58,  89 

form  of,   . 223,  226 

to  be  lodged  with  town  treasurers,  .         .  223 

school  visitors  by  district  committee,  ....  181 

correction   of, 223 

what  included  in,       ......  89 

public  money  withheld  if  returns  not  made,           .         .  244 

Revocation  of  teachers'  certificates,         .         .         .         .         .  199 

Ridgefield,  special  acts  authorizing  town  to  issue  bonds  and 

creating  a  board  of  finance,   .         .          .         .         .         .  page  213 

Rocky  Hill,  act  authorizing  town  to  issue  school  bonds,         .  page  2-3 

Salary  of  superintendent, 80,  84,  86 

part  to  be  paid  by  supervision  district,  .  .  82 

teachers,  when  to  be  paid, 238 

Sanitation, 50,  51 

of  schoolhouses, 50 

penalty  if  inadequate,  .  .  .  .  .  .  51 

Scholars,  admission  of  non-resident, 14=5 

indigent,  may  be  furnished  with  books,  .  .  .  40,  180 

returns  of,  between  certain  ages,  ....  89 

suspension  or  expulsion  of,  .  180 

Schools,  branches  taught  in,  ..'....  33 

must  be  maintained, 33 

how  long  annually, 33 

open  to  children  over  five,  ....  33 

over  four  in  certain  cases,  ....  33 

neglect  of  district  to  keep, I4I>  241 

union  of  small,  .-...« 242 


249 

Section 

Schools,  penalty   for  disturbing,    ......  381 

when  discontinued,  provision  for  the  children,   .         .  242 

visitation  of,         ........  79 

by    committee,    .......  180 

kindergarten,   ' 35 

evening, 52,  59 

trade  and  vocational,   .         .         .               '    .         .         .  6-8 

for  boys,  truants  may  be  committed  to,       .         .         .  28 
School  books   (see  Text-Books). 
School  committees,  town,       .......      153,  174 

meetings,  how  called,   .......  78 

secretary,    duties    of,    .         .         .         .         .         .         .        91,  174 

appoint  acting  visitor, 79,  153,  174 

may  elect  one  member  to  be  secretary  and  one  member 

to  be  treasurer  and  prescribe  their  duties,    .         .  70 

examine  teachers,          .......  153 

cannot  be  employed  as  teacher, 203 

approve  library  books  and  apparatus,  ....  196 

make  returns  of  persons  over  four  and  under  sixteen,  89 
return   to    State    board    of    education   the    names    and 

addresses  of  teachers,   ......  93 

hear  parents  when  school  accommodations  not  furnished,  18 

select  books   for  libraries,    ......  196 

make   rules   for  management   of  books,       .         .         .  196 
may  grant  temporary  use  of   rooms,   halls   or   school 

buildings    for   public   or   educational   purposes,   or 

for  political  discussion  therein,       ....  146 

shall    superintend   high   schools    .....  185 

evening  schools, 53 

inspect    factories, 24 

may  consent  to  attendance  in  non-local  high  schools,  .  186 

may  consent  to  conveyance, 190 

may    appoint    superintendent,        ....  80,  84,  174 

may   fix   salary,    .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .          80,  84 

may  organize   supervision  district,        ....  81 

may  admit  to  school  children  over  four,    ...  33 

may  purchase  and  loan  text-books  to  pupils,       .          .  39 

may  make  regulations, 39 

may   prescribe   studies,          ......  33 

must  choose  officers, 69 

must  prescribe  rules,    .......  69 

must  prescribe  text-books,    ......  69 

must  superintend  school   libraries,       ....  69 

must  approve  plans   for   schoolhouses,          ...  69 

must  superintend  high  and  graded  schools,  ...  69 
must  certify  average  number  attending  evening  schools 

to   Comptroller, 58 

must  certify  to  Comptroller  that  schools  have  been  kept 

according  to  law, -  '.  226 


250 

Section 

School  committees,  must  report  to  State  board  of  education 

concerning  evening  schools, 58 

must  report  to  town,   .                                      .  91 
secretary  shall  certify  salary  of  superintendent  to  State 

board  of  education, 

may  petition  for  superintendent,  ....  86 

may  prescribe  supplementary  books,    .                   .         .  74 

may  require  children  to  be  vaccinated,       .         .  75 

shall  preserve  books  and  documents,  ...  94 

may  administer  oath, 95 

may  appoint  school  physicians,     .         .  99 

may  employ  dental  hygienists 106 

shall  appoint  school  physician  if  city,  town  or  district 

has  over  ten  thousand  inhabitants,         ...  99 

two-thirds  vote  of  to  change  text-books,     ...  74 

officers, •  69 

may  authorize  the  supervising  agent  to  employ  teachers,  88 

School  fund,  distribution  of  income  of,          ....  226 

to  districts  lying  in  two  or  more  towns,      .         .         .  245 

to  towns  forming  single  districts,         ....  226 

to  districts  formed  from  societies,       ....  67 

Schoolhouse,  authority  of  districts  as  to,       .         .         .  '       .  in 
construction  of,    ........       306-310 

is  a  public  building, 306 

change  of  site  of, 144 

fixing   site    for,    ........  144 

must  be  kept  to  satisfaction  of  school  visitors,   .         .  142 

penalty  for  injuring, 379 

plans  must  be  approved  by  school  visitors,  ...         .  143 

support  withdrawn  from  districts  having  none,  .         .  142 

taking  land  for  site, 403-404 

land  of  ecclesiastical  society  not  to  be  taken,    .         .  403 

use  of,  out  of  school  hours  decided  by  district,  .         .  146 

to  be  provided  with  safe  exits, 302-304 

to  be  kept  clean  and  wholesome,         ....  49 

to  be  well  ventilated,  .......  50 

Schoolhouses,  licenses  to  sell  intoxicating  liquors  within  two 

hundred  feet  of,  not  to  be  granted,         ....  401 

School  money,  misapplication  of,  .         .         .         .         .         .  231 

School  societies    (see  Societies,  school). 

School  visitors    (see  Visitors,  school). 

School  year,  begins  July  15,  ends  July  14,     ..         .         .  235 

length  of  term  in  weeks,   ......  33 

Secretary   of  the  board   of   visitors,    .         .         . 

State  board  of  education  and  assistant  secretary,  how 

appointed,     .......  3 

may  remit  forfeitures  in  certain  cases,       .         .  247 

report  to  Comptroller  list  of  delinquent  towns,  .  92 


251 

Section 

Secretary  of  the  board  of  visitors,  draw  orders  for  library 

money, 197 

furnish  blanks  and  registers  to  private  schools,  21 

may  inspect  registers  of  private  schools,  .         .  21 

Selectmen,  duties  and  powers,       ....       43,  note  page  107 

to  draw  order  on  treasurer  for  payment  of  bills  for 
text-books  bought  by  acting  visitor  for  indigent 

children,          ........  40 

shall  manage  town  property  pertaining  to  schools,   .  43 

shall  cause  boundary  lines  of  districts  to  be  recorded,  43 

shall  call  first  meeting  in  new  district,         ...  43 

must  approve  commitment  of  truants,  ....  28 

may  allow  fees  for  arresting  truants,  ....  29 

may  appoint  special  constables  to  arrest  truants,          .  347 

must  leave  warning  of  town  meeting  with  town  clerk,  264 

determine  number  of  town  school  committee,   .         .  150 

to   furnish   flag 44 

duties  in  connection  with  debts  of  district,  .         .         .  163 

joint  board  with  school  visitors,          ....  234 

duties  in  connection  with  motor  vehicles,   .         .         .  396 

Sentence,  suspension  of,         .......  20 

Sheriffs,  may  arrest  truants, 27 

Site  for  schoolhouse,  fixing,  .......  144 

appeal  to  superior  court, 404 

taking  land  for, 403,  404 

land  of  ecclesiastical  society  not  to  be  taken  for,  .         .  403 

Small  schools,  discontinuance  of, 242 

Societies,  ecclesiastical,  land  of,  may  not  be  taken  for  site  of 

schoolhouse, 403 

school,   transfer   of  property   and   obligations,    .         .  61 

records   of, 62 

property  of, \  63,  65 

debts  and  obligations, 61 

organized  under  the  act  of  1855,  become  school 

districts,        .......  64 

choose  board  of  education,         ....  64 

duties  and  powers  of  districts  so  organized,       .  64 

apportionment  of  public  money  to,    .         .         .  67 

board  of  education  of,       .....  66 

Special  acts  relating  to  towns,  Ansonia,       ....  page  157 

Bethel,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  .         .         .         .  "     161 

Branford,  special  act  relating  to  schools,       ..."     161 

Bridgeport,  .         .         ......  "     161 

Chatham, "165 

Danbury, "165 

Darien, ..."     167 

Derby, .  "     167 

East   Hartford, "172 

East  Haven,          ........"     172 

Greenwich, "172 


252 

Section 

Special  acts  relating  to  towns,  Groton,  .     page  173 

Guilford,       ...  173 

Hamden, •  !73 

Hartford,      ...  173 

Huntington,  .  .  182 

Manchester,   Ninth  district,  .  .  184 

Middletown,          ........  187 

Montville, '  •         •  J88 

Naugatuck, .  188 

New  Britain,        ....  .  190 

New   Canaan,        .  •   .         .         .         .         .         .  IQ2 

New  Haven,         ...  192 

New  London, '    201 

Connecticut  College  for  Women,        .  .          '    206 

Newtown :    208 

North  Stonington,         ....  .  '    208 

Norwalk, .          '     208 

Orange,   Union  school   district  of,       .         .         .         .          '211 

Ridgefield, "213 

Rocky  Hill,  ........"     213 

Seymour,      .         .         .         .         .         .         .          .  '  '    213 

Stamford, ''213 

Stratford, "215 

Torrington,  .         .         .         .  .         .         .         "    216 

Voluntown,  ........"    216 

Wallingford, "     217 

Waterbury, "     217 

Westville, ..."    225 

Weston,        ........."     226 

Wethersfield, '      "     226 

Wilton,  Weston  and  Redding, "226 

Winchester1, 227 

Windham,     .         ........"    227 

Woodbridge,          ........"    228 

Spitting,  399 

Stamford,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,      '.         .         .         .    page  213 
Statistics,  town  school  committee,  .....  91 

board  of  school  visitors, 91 

Studies,  to  be  taught  in  public  schools,  .         .          .         .  ,  33 

Superintendent   of   schools, 80,  81,  84 

how    appointed,    ........  80,  81,  84 

duties, 80,  81,  84 

compensation,   fixed   by  the  town,        .         .         .80,  84,  86,  397 

salary  of,      . 80,  82,  84,  86 

duties  of,     .         .         . 80,  84,  86 

majority  vote  to  elect, 80 

town  school  committee,  board  of  school  visitors,  or 
board  of  education,  acting  under  section  84  to  be 
notified  by  State  board  of  education  as  to  whether 
the  superintendent  holds  certificate  of  approval,  .  84 


253 

Superintendent,  employed  by  supervision  committee,    . 

salary, 82 

eligibility,      .........  83 

Supervising  agent,           .......  86 

may    be    authorized    by    school    committee    to    employ 

teachers,          ........  88 

if  not  authorized  to  employ  shall  nominate  teachers  to 

school  committee, 88 

Supervision  district,  how  organized,       .....  81 

of  schools, 80-88 

Supplementary  reading  prescribed, 74 

Supplies,  free,         .........  39 

Superior.    Court,    appeal    to,    from    proceedings    relating    to 

formation,   etc.,  of  school  districts,       ...  115 

proceedings  to  take  land  for  sites  of  schoolhouses,    .  403-404 

proceedings,  in  case  of  consolidation  of  joint  districts,  .     168 

Support  of  schools,  State  aid 250-253 

high  schools, 183 

tax  under  average  attendance  law,       .         .         .         .  249 

forfeiture  for  neglect  by  town 241 

Suspension    from   school,        .......  180 

Taxes,    collectors    of, 133,  137,  138 

districts  may  levy,         .         .         .         .         .         .          .  ill 

by  city  districts,  • 240 

assessors,      .........  292,  296 

school   districts, in 

on  what  assessment  list  laid,       .         .         .          296,  note  I 

school  district,  mode  of  assessment,    ....  290,  296 

of  real  estate  lying  partly  in  and  partly  out  of 

a  district,      .......  292 

omission  from  town  list,     .         .         .          .         .  294 

clerical  omissions  corrected,       ....  295 

owned  by  town,  .......  291 

board  of  relief,  . 293 

deductions  for  indebtedness,       ....  293 

change  of  title  after  completion  of  grand  list,  .  295 

abolished    districts,        .         .         .         . '        .         .         .  163 

selectmen  shall  collect,        .....  164 

town  for  high  schools, 183 

equalization  in  consolidated  districts,          .         .  154 

under  town  managment,     .....  177 

for  support  of  schools, 249 

Teachers,  certificates  of, 199 

necessary  to  employment,   .....  201 

revocation, 199 

duty  to  keep  registers,           ......  204 

if  not  kept,  cannot  receive  wages,     .         .         .  204 


254 

Section 

Teachers,  duty  to  obtain  certificates,       ...                   .  201 

employment  of  by  school  visitors,       .         .         .  202 

district   committees, 202 

districts, in 

board  of  education,    ....  .64,  202 

town  committee,  .         .         .         ...       153,  i?4>  202 

high  school  committee, 184,  202 

dismissal  of,  by  town  committee,           ....  153 

wages  of,  how  paid  in  districts,  .....  238 

when  to  be  paid, 238,  239 

examination  of, .         .         64,  153,  199 

State  board  of  education,   .         .         .         .         .  200 

school  visitors,   .......  199 

boards  of  education,  ......  64 

town  committee,          .          .         .         .         .         .  153 

high    schools,    examination    of,    .....  185 

certificates    of, 185 

model  schools,  salary  of  teacher  in,   ....  9 

Teachers,       .......... 

cannot  be  school  visitor  or  member  of   town  school 

committee,      .         .         ...         .         .         .  203 

of  music, 38 

in  County  Homes,  how  examined  and  appointed,       .  229 

retirement  system   for,         ". 207-220 

definitions,           .         .         .               •    .         .         .  207 
retirement  system,  retirement  association,  mem- 
bers, dues, 208 

organization  of  teachers'  retirement  association,  208 
management    of    retirement    system,    retirement 

board,  powers,     ......  209 

funds  consist  of  expense,  annuity,  and  pension 

funds,            .......  210 

teacher,  retirement,  pension,       ....  211 

retirement  allowances, 211 

amount  due  teacher  on  withdrawal  from  service,  212 
funds  not  assignable  but  exempt   from   attach- 
ment, execution  and  taxation,       .         .         .  213 
duties  of  educational  officials,     .         .         .         .  214 
public  schools  may  include  certain  incorporated 

schools, 216 

custody,  care  and  accounting  of  the  fund,  .         .  217 
municipalities  maintaining  pension  systems  to  be 

paid  by  State, 218 

teacners'  retirement  board  to  refund  certain  pay- 
ments  to    fund, 219 

reserve  fund  for  retired  teachers  established,    .  220 

Teachers'  meetings, 5 

Term  of  office,  of  district  committees,  .....  133 


255 

Section 

Term  of  office,  of  district  committees,  in  larger  districts,   .  134 

town  committees, 151 

members  of  State  board  of  education,         ...  I 

school  visitors, 36 

Term  of  school,  children  must  attend  during,         ...  17 

Text-books,  free, 39 

State  board  of  education  may  direct  what  shall  be  used 

in  State, 5 

change  of, 5,  74 

on  physiology  and  hygiene, 76 

towns  may  purchase  for  free  distribution,  ...  39 
towns  which  do  not  furnish  free  text-books  to  sell  at 

cost, 41 

copy  of  act  to  be  printed  in  certain  reports,       .          .  42 

committee  must  supply  indigent  scholars,   .         .         .  180 

supplementary  reading  may  be  prescribed,  ...  74 

purchased  by  the  town,         .         .....  74 

to  be  furnished  to  indigent  children  by  acting  visitor,  40 

Tie  in  election  of  school  visitors,  ......  37 

Tobacco,  sale  of  to  minors, 384 

use   by   minors,    ........  3&5 

Torrington,  special  acts  authorizing  town  to  issue  bonds,   .     page  216 
Town  clerk,  to  certify  election  of  school  visitors  to  Secretary 

of  State, 272 

Temporary  homes,  schools  in, 

county  commissioners  may  establish,   ....  228 

county  commissioners  may  employ  and  pay  teachers,  .  229 

expense  of  paid  by  county, 228,  229 

children,  how  enumerated,   .         .                   .         .         .  227 

schools  open  as  in  districts, 228 

employment  and  payment  of  teachers,  .         .  229 

books  and  apparatus, 229 

examination  of  teachers,       ...                   .  229 

certificates  for  teachers, 229 

acting  visitor, 229 

apportionment  of  expense  between  town  and  county  in 

certain  cases, 354 

expense  when  town  maintains  school,  ....  354 

Town  management,  act  of  1909, 171-179 

town  becomes  school  district,       .....  I71 

school  business  transacted  in  town  meeting,       .         .  I72 

election  of  officers, 173 

classification, 173 

vacancies,    ........  J73 

duties  of  school  committee,           .         .                   .         .  174 

records, •  J76 

property,       .........  177 

equalization,          .         .         .         .         .         .         .         •  T77 


256 

Section 

Town,   fractional  districts,             ,.                                               .  i?9 

disposition  of  debts,     .                   .  177 

expenses,      ....                  .  178 

Towns,  must  furnish  school  accommodations,       .         .  18 

by  transportation  or  otherwise,    ....  18 

procedure  when  town  refuses  or  neglects,   ...  18 

hearing  by  school  visitors,   ......  18 

appeal, .  18 

consolidation  of  districts  of, 147 

districts  lying  in  different,  jurisdiction  over,       .         .  121 

expenses  of, 245 

may  abolish   school   districts, 147 

vote  how  taken, 148 

may  direct  that  teachers  may  be  employed  by  school 

visitors,         .......  202 

may   direct   that   teachers    of    music   be    employed    by 

school  visitors  or  town  school  committee,  .  38 

may  establish  high  schopls,  ......  183 

and  choose  committee  therefor,  ....  184 

may  establish   evening   schools, 52,  59 

may  form,  alter,  unite,  and  dissolve  school  districts,   .  109 

may  make  regulations  concerning  truants,   ...  25 

may   appoint   truant   officers, 26 

may  take  land   for  school  purposes,    ....  168 

must  maintain  schools  36  weeks,        "  .  33 

unless  average  attendance  be  eight  or  less,       .  33 

must  pay  expenses  of  district  schools,  .         .         .         .    .    33,  238 

exception  if  city  in  town  limits,  ....  240 

must  pay  high  school  tuition  fee,  when,       .         .         .  186 

must  be  reimbursed  by  State  in  part  for  high  school 

tuition  fee, '      .  187 

must  pay  transportation  in  certain  cases,    ...  190 

may  receive  high  school  conveyance  grant,  ...  191 

may  establish  kindergarten, 35 

may  vote  free  text-books,   ......  39 

Town  clerk  under  town  management, 175 

Town  school  officers : 

eligibility,  sex  no  disqualification  for  school  office,       .  16 

vacancies,  how  filled,   .......  270 

selectmen  may  fill  vacancies  in  certain  cases,   .  270 

elected  by  ballot, 268 

when  appointed,  .         ...         ....  268 

number  of,  .         .         .         .         .         .         .  268 

change  of  number  of, ifig^  268 

plurality  shall  elect  except  when  otherwise  provided,  .  269 

return   of   election, 272 

official   term, 267 

penalty  for  refusing  to  accept  or  perform  duties,  .         .  273 


257 

Section 

Training  department  of  normal  schools,       ....  254 

Transportation  of  children,   .......        18,  242 

Transportation,  high  school,  paid  by  town,   ....      190,  194 

Treasurer,  school  district,  election  of, 133 

to  give  bonds,     .......  139 

term  of  office,       ........  133 

duties  of, 138 

Truants,  towns  may  make  by-laws  concerning,       ...  25 

towns  may  impose  penalties,         .....  25 

may  be  arrested  without  warrant,  -      ....  27 

may  be  committed  to  Connecticut  School  for  Boys,   .  28 
prosecution  of,     ........           28-32 

fees  for  arresting, 29 

may  be  arrested  by  special  constables,           .         .         .  347 

warrant  and  hearing,   .......  30 

judgment  may  be  suspended, 31 

parent  or  guardian  to  be  notified,         ....  30 

Truant    officers,     .........  26 

town  and  city  officers  may  appoint  under  by-law,       .  26 

Truant  omcers  must  present  written  statement  of  arrest,   .  29 

Tuition   at  normal   school  gratuitous, 255 

fees,  high  school, 186 

fees,  to  meet  extra  expenses  of  high  or  graded  schools,  243 

United  States  aid  for  vocational  education,  ....  8 

Union  districts,  under  act  of  1841, 120 

of  small  districts,          .......  242 

scholars    to    be    provided    for,    ....  242 

Vacancies,  in  State  board  of  education,         ....  i 

district    committees, 137- 

boards   of  school  visitors,    ......  36 

in  town  school  committee, 153,  173 

Vaccination   of   school   children, 75 

may  be  paid  for  by  the  town  in  some  cases,       .         .  75 

Vagrant  girls,         .........  32 

arrest    of, -    .          .         .         .  32 

Vagrants,   regulations   and   by-laws   concerning,    ...  25 

Vehicles,  motor,  speed  of  to  be  reduced  or  brought  to  stop 

in  certain  cases, 396 

Ventilation   of   schoolhouse, 49,  50 

Visitors,  school  officers,          .......  69 

compensation, 397 

classes, 36 

election,        .........  37 

manner  of  election,       .......  268 

election  to  be  certified   to   Secretary  of   State,    .         .  272 

number,        .........  36 

17 


258 

Section 

Visitors,  meetings,  how  called,       .....  78 

organization,         ........  69 

secretary,  duties  of,     ......  91 

duty   to  give   certificate    to    Comptroller   that    schools 

have    been    kept    according    to    law,    .         .  226 
certify     to      Comptroller     concerning     evening 

schools,         .                   ....  58 

give  certificate  to   selectmen   that   schools   have 

been  kept  according  to  law,       .         .         .  90,  238 
report  names  of  teachers  and  district  committees 

to  State  board  of  education,       ...  93 
make  estimate  to  towns  of  cost  of  schools,        :  234,  236 
make  complaint  to  board  of  health  when  sani- 
tary condition  of  schoolhouse  is  unsatisfactory,  50 
to  regulate  libraries,  .....         69,  196,  197 

superintend    high    schools,           ....  69,  185 

may  appoint  acting  visitor  not  of  their  number,  79 
may  elect  one  member  to  be  secretary  and  one 

to  be  treasurer  and  prescribe  their  duties,  .  70 
may  give  written  consent  to  attendance  in  non- 
local high  school, 186 

joint  duties  with  selectmen,          ....       197,  236,  245 

penalty  for  fraudulent  certificate  of,   .         .         .         .  248 

power  to  administer  oath,   ......  95 

admit  non-resident  pupils, 145 

to  change  sites  of  schoolhouses  in  certain  cases,  144 

open  schools  in  districts  neglecting  to  keep  one,  141 

duty  to  require  vaccination  of  children,       ...  75 

change  text-books,      ......  74 

prescribe   supplementary   reading,        ...  74 
powers  superseded  in  districts  having  board  of  edu- 
cation,             66 

school    committee   to    be    board    of    visitors    if    union 

system  is  abandoned, 167 

duties  and  powers, 69,  153,  202 

to  approve  plans  for  schoolhouses,     ...  69 

examine  teachers,       .         .         .         .         .         .  153 

of  high  schools, 185 

sign  teachers'  certificates, 199 

give  certificates  to  teachers,       ....  153 

of   high   schools,        .....  185 

revoke  teachers'  certificates,        ....  153 

of  high  schools,         .....  185 

inspect   factories, 24 

to   employ  teachers   when    authorized,        .         .  202 

of  music, '38 

may  grant  temporary  use   of   rooms,   halls   or   school 
buildings,  for  public  or  educational  purposes 

or  for  political  discussions  therein,     .         .  146 


259 

Section 

Visitors,  duty  to  make  arrangements  for  children  to  attend 
school    when    there    is    no    school    in    their 

district, 242 

to   superintend   evening  schools,         ...  53 

report  concerning  evening   schools,    ...  58 

approve  of  the   union   of  small   schools,    .         .  242 

make  returns  of  enumeration  to  Comptroller,    .  89 

report  to  town,  .......  91 

to  purchase   text-books   for   free   distribution  if 

so  directed,           ......  39 

may  admit  to  school  children  under  five,    ...  33 

may  appoint  school  physician,       .....  99 

shall  appoint  school  physician  in  towns  having  more 

than  ten   thousand   inhabitants,    ...  99 

appoint  acting  visitor   (see  acting  visitors),       .  79 

appoint  superintendent, 80,  84,  86 

may  fix  salary, 80,  81,  84 

organize  supervision  district,       ....  81 

consent  to  conveyance  grant,     ....  190 

prescribe  studies, 33 

hear  parents   when   school   accommodations   not 

furnished,              18 

report  to   State  board   of   education  concerning 

evening  schools, 58 

examine    teachers,      ......  199 

cannot  be  employed  as  teachers,       ...             .  203 

shall  approve  library  books  and  apparatus,           .         .  196 
secretary  shall  certify  salary  of  superintendent  to  State 

board  or  education, 82 

superintend  high  and  graded  schools,          ...  69 

prescribe  rules, 69 

prescribe  text-books, 69 

petition  for  superintendent,           .....  86 

approve  books  and  apparatus, 196 

appoint  high  school  committee,    .....  185 

preserve  books  and  documents,   .....  94 

nominate  special  constables  to  arrest  truants,       .         .  347 

select  books  for  libraries,          .             ....  196 

duty  to  make  rules  for  management  of  books,   .         .  196 

secretary  of,  duties  in  relation  to  State  grant,    .         .  253 

vacancies,  how  filled,   .......  170 

Visitation   of   schools,    ........  79 

schoolhouse  to  be  visited, 79 

register  to  be  inspected, 79 

library    examined,        .......  79 

studies  investigated, 79 

by  district  committee, 180 

Vocational  guidance,  may  be  established,       ....  .72 

counselors  may  be  appointed,        .....  72 


260 

Section 

Voluntown,  special  act  relating  to  schools,   .                   .          .  page  216 

Voters,  legal,  in  district  meetings,         .                            .         .  126,  127 

list  of,  how  made  out,           .                                      .  128 

Wages  of  teachers,  paid  by  districts,   .                                      .  HI 

when  payable,       ........  238,  239 

certificate  necessary  to,         .....          .  201 

Wallingford,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,       .         .         .  page  217 

Warnings  of  town,  city,  borough,  and  other  meetings,  .          .  264 

district  meetings,  how  given, 124 

what  to  specify, 124 

Waterbury,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,   ....  page  217 

Weeks  of  school,  number  of, 33 

Westville,  special  acts  relating  to  schools,    ....  page  225 

Weston,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  .....  page  226 

Wethersfield,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  ....  page  226 

Wilton,  Redding  and  Weston,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  page  226 

Winchester,   special   acts   relating  to   schools,        .         .         .  page  227 

Windham,  special  act  relating  to  schools,       ....  page  227 

Woodbridge,  special  act  relating  to  schools,  ....  page  228 

Women,  are  eligible  to  certain  offices, 287 

may  vote  for  school  officers,         .....  388,  390 

registration  of,     ........  389 

separate  voting  lists,    .         .         .         ...         .  392 

names  to  be  put  on  list  "  to  be  made,"         .          .         .  389 

to  qualify  in  same  manner  as  men,    ....  391 

penalty  for  false  testimony, 391 

Wire,  barbed,  prohibited  near  schoolhouse,   .         .  -                .  402 

Year,  school, '     .  235 

length  of, 33 


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